This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of BHP Billiton's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability initiatives. It begins with an overview of BHP Billiton, followed by an explanation and evaluation of its CSR work, incorporating theories such as Carroll's Pyramid, GRI reporting, and the Stakeholder Approach. The essay examines BHP Billiton's economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities, highlighting both the company's efforts and shortcomings in addressing environmental and social concerns. It discusses the triple bottom line theory and GRI reporting, emphasizing the importance of transparency and stakeholder engagement. The essay also identifies challenges faced by BHP Billiton in achieving CSR benchmarks and sustainability goals, including issues related to environmental impact, ethical conduct, and stakeholder satisfaction.