Analyzing Privacy and Security Issues in Big Data Environments

This report explores the critical privacy and security issues associated with big data, defining it as large datasets that pose challenges to traditional analytical methods. The executive summary highlights the importance of understanding these issues due to the increasing use of big data by organizations. The report delves into challenges like insufficient authentication, data privacy concerns, and data integrity issues, which can lead to data misuse and breaches. It discusses relevant technologies, including cryptographic frameworks, Hadoop, and grid computing, that can help address these challenges. The report emphasizes the importance of implementing these technologies correctly to protect client data from manipulation and misuse, ensuring data security and building trust. It concludes by stressing the need for organizations to prioritize data security and privacy to maintain client trust and gain a competitive edge.

Running Head: PRIVACY AND SECURITY ISSUES IN BIG DATA
information security
[Document subtitle]

PRIVACY AND SECURITY ISSUES IN BIG DATA 1
Executive Summary
Big data can be defined as the considerable amount of data which demands technologies and
methods in order to get the value from the process of analysis. Because of the large size of data,
it has become very difficult to extract the value by using the traditional techniques. The big data
has various challenges in security and privacy because of its properties such as value, velocity,
volume, etc. The organizations have started using big data, so it is very important to be aware of
various challenges and issues of big data and the application of relevant technologies in order to
face the challenges. The usage of big data analytics helps the organizations to extract large data
as there are fewer chances of manipulation of data and big data helps the organization to get a
competitive edge over the competition in the industry.
The information has been collected from the various research papers in order to know the
challenges and problems related to privacy and security associated with big data. The researchers
have also discussed the relevant technologies and its applications which help in overcoming the
problems and challenges.

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Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Challenges and Problems.................................................................................................................4
Relevant Technologies.....................................................................................................................4
Application of Technologies............................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

PRIVACY AND SECURITY ISSUES IN BIG DATA 3
Introduction
Big data is used to measure the structured and unstructured data which is difficult to measure
using traditional methods and techniques of software and database. In some companies, the data
moves so fast that even exceeds the capacity of processing. Big data helps the companies in
improving their operations and makes the data moves faster (Sagiroglu et al, 2013). And when
the data is captured, manipulated and analyzed, the company gets a clear vision in order to
generate revenues and retain the clients. The main objective of big data is to help the
organizations in order to make more informed decisions for the business by allowing data
scientists. The professionals analyze the large volume of data which might remain untapped and
untouched by the programs of business intelligence. It is important that the data remain secured
and safe so that the further decisions are implemented correctly by the organizations and
decisions are made appropriately, and this will help in retaining the clients, and the positive
relations will be built (Katal et al, 2013).
Big data is getting more attention because the number of devices which are connected to the
Internet of Things (IoT) are increasing to unexpected levels. It generates a large amount of data
which is required to be converted into extravagant information. While using big data, the security
functions are forced to work through the heterogeneous composition of different operating
systems, domains of the network, etc. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an important
aspect which allows the deployment of secured services over the infrastructure of heterogeneous
composition. SDN helps in separating the control plan from the infrastructure of the system
which is being controlled and observed. The usage of SDN helps in implementing the intelligent
management into a controller of logically centralized and streamline the important aspects of
implementation of rules of security, configuration, and evolution of the system (Moura et al,
2016).
The issues of security and privacy are becoming an important aspect of big data which needs to
be handled as soon as possible in order to secure the data of clients. Further, the report will
discuss the issues of privacy and security associate with big data and the applications of various
technologies which can be used in order to secure the data and solve the various issues.

PRIVACY AND SECURITY ISSUES IN BIG DATA 4
Challenges and Problems
The researchers (Sagiroglu et al, 2013) stated that the survey was conducted in the IT companies
in order to know that the challenges and problems the managers are facing related to the security
and privacy issues associated with the big data. The managers said that when the data is kept in
one place, then it easily gets attacked by the hacker if the stores of big data are not controlled
properly. They have to make different folders in order to keep the data secured as the hacker
doesn't get access to it. And the information of clients remains untouched. Sometimes the data is
misused by the employees who are regularly accessing the data of clients. The researchers (Katal
et al, 2013) stated that when the personal information of the clients is collaborated with big
external data sets, then the data owner can easily access it whereas, the client do not want this to
happen. The business value of the organization is created by developing insights into the lives of
the clients by accessing their information, and they are not even aware of this. The unprivileged
people are treated badly by the literate people as they don’t know much about the technology and
their data gets misused. The clients don't even know that they are being discriminated, and their
personal information is getting used for some other motive and they get trapped into the
consequences badly. The researchers (Moura et al, 2016) stated that the challenges and problems
of security and privacy which are associated with the big data are divided into four aspects of big
data like infrastructure security, the privacy of data, managing the data and integrity of data.
Insufficient authentication helps the hackers to crack the weak passwords in order to misuse the
data. The lack of encryption transport helps the hacker to overhear the data of clients. The
devices of IoT extracts the data in bulk but doesn’t protect the data. Poor configuration helps the
hacker to access the devices in order to misuse the data of clients.
Therefore, there are many problems in the privacy and security associated with the big data, and
it is very important to eradicate the issues in order to save the data of clients from manipulation.
Relevant Technologies
The researchers (Sagiroglu et al, 2013) stated that in order to make the authentication sufficient,
a common framework of cryptographic could be developed and implemented in order to save the

PRIVACY AND SECURITY ISSUES IN BIG DATA 5
data of clients from the manipulation and misuse. And other security technologies can also be
used to save the information of clients like metadata, information of flow and log, packet
capture, etc. The organizations can use these technologies for solving the issues of privacy and
security, and the static equipment should not be used. Organizations can make some protection
laws for the protection of the personal information and data of the clients. The researchers (Katal
et al, 2013) stated that the data of the clients could be protected if the organizations start focusing
on the relevant technologies which are used in overcoming the problems of privacy and security
of data of clients associated with the big data. The technologies are Hadoop which can be used in
the infrastructure for the distribution of computing. Grid computing tools can be used as they
distribute the information in the form of clusters and by using this the complete information will
not be stored in the one place. The technologies will help the information of clients from getting
attacked by the attacker, and the information will remain secure. The researchers (Moura et al,
2016) stated that there is no single solution to the problem of privacy and security and it takes a
long time to develop and follow the technologies as it is difficult to protect the amount of data of
clients from the hackers. The researcher also stated that it is very important to characterize the
identification of the problems first. The feature of personalization can be used in order to protect
the personal information of the clients. Further the cryptographic material and access to
management policies, etc. These technologies are relevant, and this will help in solving the
problem related to privacy and security of data of clients.
Application of Technologies
The researchers (Sagiroglu et al, 2013) stated that it is very important to use the technologies in a
right way because the usage will impact the information of the client and the consequences for
the clients will depend on the usage of technology only. The implementation of cryptographic
will protect the data from the third party as he will not be able to access the information. And the
digital signature can be created by signing the cryptographic will keep the information secured.
The metadata is used in order to find the type of the variable in order to bind it to the column.
This will help to secure the data of clients and will minimize the risk of manipulation. The
researchers (Katal et al, 2013) stated that the usage of Hadoop would reduce the number of
duplication of the important data and the data cannot be read by different devices and will keep
the data secured. The grid computing consists the distribution of the work in the form of clusters,

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and it is being shared with the common system of files which is hosted by SAN. This helps in the
extraction of large data and the data also remain secured and because of the computing nodes
start becoming idle. In computing technique, the work is divided into small parts and is send to
different devices in order to complete the work. This helps in identifying the misuse of the data
because if the data is misused, then the output will be different as the work will be done in small
parts by the various devices. The researchers (Moura et al, 2016) stated that the implementation
of personalization feature would help the clients to know when their information gets used by
someone as they will get the notification for it and they will be aware of the happening. The
usage of cryptographic will have the low impact on the data scalability and the performance, and
this will keep the data secured while it is stored in the devices. And it cannot be easily accessed
by the third person and will be protected from the manipulation and misuse.
Conclusion
The report stated the meaning and concept of the big data, the privacy and security issues
associated with the big data. The challenges and problems related to the privacy and security of
the data of clients are discussed with the help of various research papers. The relevant
technologies have also been given in order to face the challenges, and the organizations can
achieve a high competitive advantage by using these technologies, and this will also help in
increasing the business value. The report stated that it is very important to secure the data of
clients as they trust the organization while sharing their personal information. The organization
should not break the trust of the clients and should take necessary measures in order to keep their
information protected and secured from the manipulation and misuse by the hackers.

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REFERENCES
Moura, J., & Serrão, C. (2016). Security and privacy issues of big data.arXiv preprint
arXiv:1601.06206.
Sagiroglu, S., & Sinanc, D. (2013, May). Big data: A review. In Collaboration Technologies and
Systems (CTS), 2013 International Conference on (pp. 42-47). IEEE.
Katal, A., Wazid, M., & Goudar, R. H. (2013, August). Big data: issues, challenges, tools and
good practices. In Contemporary Computing (IC3), 2013 Sixth International Conference on (pp.
404-409). IEEE.