University of Wolverhampton: BIM in Smart Building Construction

This literature review examines the application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the construction of smart buildings, focusing on its role in creating integrated and efficient systems. The review draws upon peer-reviewed articles from sources like Scopus, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar to evaluate the awareness and applicability of BIM technology in developing smart cities. It discusses how BIM facilitates communication among stakeholders, improves business productivity, and supports the integration of advanced information technology in building systems. The review highlights the importance of BIM in managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics, enabling cost and energy savings, and contributing to the development of smart transportation and modern infrastructure. Ultimately, the research aims to provide insights into how BIM contributes to the lifecycle of smart buildings, from design and construction to operation and maintenance, while also addressing the need for efficient energy consumption and enhanced performance.

The use of BIM in the construction of smart buildings:
A systematic review
(7ET022) Research Methods and Professional Skills
A Literature Review
School of Architecture and the Built Environment University of Wolverhampton
MSc Building Information Modelling for Integrated Construction

Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................2
1.0 Introduction...............................................................................................................................3
2.0 Research aims and questions..........................................................................................................4
2.1 Aim..........................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Research objectives......................................................................................................4
LIETERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................................................6
RECOMMENDATION............................................................................................................................18
CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................18
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Abstract
The BIM refers to a technology and techniques which is used by an individual for the
purpose of developing smart building and homes. The people are shifting from village to city
where they demanding for buildings to live or commercial buildings to operate their offices.
There are different design and style of buildings which are designed by using their skills and
abilities to work continuously. The paper of BIM technology reviewed from journal articles
and application of nee techniques which can help to develop the performance. The current
research is about use of BIM technology to build new buildings and other activities (Zima,
Plebankiewicz, and Wieczorek, 2020). A person should have proper information and details
about marketing trend and environment where it became important to offer the kind of
services and quality of products which could help to attain the higher productivity and
profitability. The research main involves peer reviewed article from Scopus, research gate,
google scholar, and unpublished article that supported to grow a business and functions. The
technology is also used to improve the communication between stakeholders and employees
for the purpose of collaborating their work in construction field. The current research has
identified that BIM technology is identified by construction industries and making the use of
smart building that could help to improve the business productivity. This provides different
advantages to people such as smart buildings, integration of systems, convenience of
information sharing and exchanging that are used to creating operation value and maintaining
phases effectively. Smart building functions are uses to influence the number of people by
reducing energy consumption, and increasing performance. The current project is going to
discuss about how BIM is using in the construction of smart building and managing all
functions appropriately.
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Topic : “The use of BIM in the construction of smart buildings”: A systematic
review
1.0 Introduction
Automatic centralised control of a building’s HVAC, lighting, electrical, shading, control
system and security system which are used to construct a smart building. The concept of
smart building has become inevitable development of future building as it provides new
experience to people and managing the all functions effectively (Sawhney, Riley, Irizarry,
and Riley, 2020). As people are reaching to new age when talk about building construction as
modular rooms and corporate offices are established for the purpose of influencing number of
people and attaining higher performance. The concept of smart building is taken from the
continual integration of advanced information technology with buildings and systems which
can help to operate and control the construction work (Zima, Plebankiewicz, and Wieczorek,
2020). It has seen that construction of building is a longer process that consumer much time
of people to build and technology helps to make work easier. The people should have proper
information and knowledge about market and environment so that kind of services are
provided to people and design the buildings accordingly. BIM refers to building information
modelling that used by individual for the purpose of managing digital representations of
physical and functional characteristics of places. This is important for each individual to
understand what is happening around and what is expected by people while getting construct
their buildings and other homes. This could help to develop the personal and professional
skills of individual person and supports to accomplish the goals. The BIM technology is
helpful in construction as it is convenient, comfortable, cost saving, and energy saving
practices used by people to make smart decision and changing the technology effectively.
The BIM–enabled building within the smart city are integrated with technological aspects and
smart transportation that could help to manage the all function systematically. The present
report is based on construction of business by using BIM technology that can highlight the
bright and modern future development (Leśniak, Górka, and Skrzypczak, 2021). This will
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Shelp to improve the knowledge and skills of researcher. The person requires to have proper
information and technology which could be used to develop the future activity.
2.0 Research aims and questions
2.1 Aim
To understand and evaluate the use of BIM in construction of smart buildings and discusses
the roles of Building Information Modelling in life cycle of the built asset.
2.2 Research objectives
To achieve the aim of this research the following fundamental objectives will be address:
(i) To review literature on the awareness of BIM application in building smart cities.
(ii) To discuss the smart building concept that BIM can achieve.
(iii) To draw some of the importance of BIM in the construction of smart city.
(iv) To evaluate the applicability of BIM in the life cycle of smart buildings.
Research Scope
The scope of current study is larger as it will help researcher to identify the use of BIM
technology in the construction of building that supports to develop the future. The individual should
have all details and information regarding trend which brings new technology and functions to
operate the event and constructing a building. The current research report also will help to create
awareness between people regarding application of BIM technology in smart cities and attracting
people at different placed. It has seen that in earlier people were not using technology and have taken
too much time to construct the building where it became important to introduce the innovation and
technology to make work easier and develop the performance. This could help to managing the all
functions and activities effectively (Deng, Zhong, Liao, Peng, and Lai, 2019).
Rationale
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The current research is about use of BIM technology in constructing the building which can
help to develop the understandings. The report will justify the reason and importance of using new
technology in preparing the building as it can help to save time and cost of architect and contractor
while working. This also helps to change the traditional method into new and modern method that
could help to regulate the event and work properly. This report will also help to improve the personal
and professional skills of researcher. In context to professional skills use of BIM technology and
personal skills such as communication, critical thinking, and technical skills could be improve that
can help to manage the all functions and activities effectively (Pruskova, and Kaiser, 2019).
Outline of Methodology
Methodology is the process of collecting and evaluating information regarding any topic or
research. There are several methodologies that would be followed by a researcher while conducting
current research. These methodologies are deductive approach, positivism philosophy, quantitative
research, questionnaire. All these are main methodologies that will be applied for achieving research
aim and objectives in a successful manner (Cui, Hu, Liu, Zhao, and Wang, 2021).
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LIETERATURE REVIEW
To review literature on the awareness of BIM application in building smart cities.
As per opinion of Jasiński (2021), BIM is the foundation of digital transformation in the
architecture, engineering, and construction industry which is used to build the smart building and
homes. This is important for each individual to have good knowledge and skills regarding new
technology and innovation as it used to live in modern age and supports to feel good. The leader in
BIM Autodesk is the industry ‘s partner that is used to realise the better ways of working and provide
better outcomes for business. Now a days people are so much curious to live with new standard and
operating offices with new designs where use of BIM technology could effective and supportive to
influence and managing all functions. This can help to develop the higher performance by building
building smart cities. This also increases the price of land and homes which are prepared with newly
design that influences the number of people and supports to develop productivity.
To discuss the smart building concept that BIM can achieve.
According to (Awwad, Shibani, and Ghostin (2020), The term "smart building" refers to the
continuous integration of sophisticated information technology with buildings and systems that can
assist in the operation and control of construction activities. It has been observed that building
construction is a lengthy process that requires a significant amount of time from individuals, and
technology assists in making labour easier. People should have adequate information and expertise
about the market and the environment in order to give the appropriate services and design buildings.
BIM stands for building information modelling, which is used by individuals to manage digital
representations of physical and functional properties of locations. Smart building is the wider concept
that is prepared on the basis of IOT technology by using hardware, software, and connectivity to
manage HVAC, lighting security, etc. creating a comfortable and safe environment for occupants.
This is important for each individual to have knowledge about BIM technology and innovcation that
is used to influence the number of people and get work done. The Smart building is the involvement
of smart buildings apart from traditional command and control situations. No a days people are
demanding newly designed and h
To draw some of the importance of BIM in the construction of smart city. This also allows the
individual to ciollect the data and information from various sources as it supports to attaining the
higher performance by influencing number of people. The concept of smart building is achieved by
BIM by the use and mass adoption of IOT in every class of real estate. The companies who are
working of real estate uses the BIM concept and technology to build the smart building and
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increasing the insights of people that can help to regulate the business environment effectively. The
people is having major role who have good knowledge and skills regarding construction and the use
of new technology such as building information modelling that guides how each function and activity
could be perform well in the changing environment. The architect is a person who focuses over
visitor management by focusing over daily workflows of a building, and it can help to save time and
cost which incurs while constructing new design of buildings.
To evaluate the applicability of BIM in the life cycle of smart buildings.
As per opinion of Ullah, Lill, and Witt (2019), The Lifecycle is the longer process which
needs various functions and activities to perform in chamging environment. This is important for each
individual to analysis the trend and environment then provides the kind of products and services. The
smart building are prepared by using new technology and innovation that supports to bring higher
number of customers who could buy the smart building and managing all functions. BIM is used to
converting old cities into something new and futuristic. Some examples are smart city, smart industry,
or smart commerce that shows high building to influence the number of people (Ma, Zhang, Hua, and
Zhang, 2020). A construction is striving for full energy efficiency in its usage that supports to reach
the goal by integrating and augmented management and controlling of all its systems. The emergence
of this new work technique, which coincided with the study and evolution of smart buildings, enabled
significant progress toward the implementation of efficient and intelligent constructions. BIM
technology and model can easily applied to understanding the whole life cycle of a building to both
clients and architects. The smart city is the active participation of its citizen in all services and
functions. This could be important for each organization and individual to analysis the environment
and create a chain of interdependent systems. It has seen that people are living in modern age where
they are demanding new buildings and offices to operate offices and living their lives. The people are
using new technology and innovation which can be used to develop the business productivity and
profitability. The technology is used to improve the infrastructure, health, equity, and welfare is being
improved for the benefits of people. This is important for each person to analysis the technology and
communicates with people clearly. It has seen that larger cities are developed in a intelligent and
sustainable way that supports to maintaining interaction and communication between local and
international resources (Vilutiene, Hosseini, Pellicer, and Zavadskas, 2019).
ICT is the important technology which is used by individual for the purpose of designing and
constructing the building designs and cities in a new method that could help to develop the
productivity and profitability. Now a days people are using new technology so that computer are used
to design the cities and building. Designs are preparing by using computer and managing the all
functions accurately that supported to attain goals.
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To draw some of the importance of BIM in the construction of smart city.
As per view point of Ullah, Lill, and Witt (2019), BIM refers to the foundation of digital
transformation in architecture, construction, and engineering that could be used to develop the
business productivity and performance in changing environment. This allows designers to create 3D
models that are used to represent physical and functional characteristics. This is important for each
organization to analysis the environment and comes to know the resources which can be used to bring
higher functions and activities. Due to changing needs and design of building architecture needs to
analysis the market and set up buildings accordingly which could help to develop the productivity.
Building information modelling is the digital technology which uses to build the smart building and
city. A smart city is a community that uses information and communication technology (ICT) to
improve community services and people's health. The smart city concept considers increased citizen
engagement for sustainable resource usage, social and better relationship capital, and quality and
performance. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a computer-aided modern parametric solution
that has the potential to transform decision-making in the development of energy-efficient buildings
and smart cities. BIM allows for the cost-effective design, development, operation, and management
of construction projects while sharing and exchanging information with all stakeholders. The
effective application of BIM results in the reduction of risks throughout the project's first phases. This
study investigates the components of a smart city concept in the development of a smart city utilising
BIM and its numerous versions. To develop a smart city, the geographic information system (GIS)
environment can help by offering an appropriate data management system in transportation design
with minimal accidents, earthquake mitigation, and fire prevention. The evaluation focuses on several
technologies such as GIS and Building Energy Model (BEM), which could be a new approach for
creating a smart city. The evaluation will assist policymakers in adopting BIM as they work to
establish a sustainable, dependable, and energy-efficient smart city. The importance of BIM
technology in building construction is defined below:
Communicate Information – While running a business and managing function it is
important to share the task and information in relation to particular activities as it supports to develop
the business productivity and profitability. Communication is the act of sharing information, ideas
and feeling which is used by individual for the purpose of managing all work and activities. The
needs of communication in every organization that make task easier and smooth for managing the
business performance and activities. In other words, communication is the act of receiving, giving,
and sharing the information which could be used to managing all business functions. Good
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communicators are having ability to influence and attract the individuals who could work by
developing their skills and abilities to work.
Improve environmental performance – Smart cities are developed by using BIM
technology as it supported to grow the business functions. In earlier times building were constructed
without use of technology and architecture due to which many problem were identified while living
and working. In modern age, people have introduced the different types of technology in construction
which can be used to build and design the smart building and cities that could influence the number
of people and getting the work done.
Transport Network – To have good connection and network are important to individual
which can be used to controlling excessive task and activities. This is important for each individual
and group of people who is working in construction company should focus on transport the network
and bringing changes which could help to work effectively. The BIM is helpful for each construction
company is to identify the network the manage the work properly. The people who have engaged in
business construction activities needs to analysis the market and comes to know how their customers
will be influenced to adopt new and digital technology. BIM is transforming in the way of
transforming and designing the construction by managing all functions and activities to work.
Increasing sustainability – Sustainable construction means use of renewable and recyclable
materials when building new structures, as well as reducing energy consumption for the purpose of
running for long period of time. It has seen that while constructing the building economic,
environmental and social safety services are provided to their customers and employees which can
help to maintain the higher performance and productivity for long period of time. While constructing
the business it is important to analysis the environment and comes to know how people will get
environmental and economic safety which could be used to improve the business performance by
building smart city and houses with the help of BIM technology. This technology also helpful to
reduce the waste that might occur in construction.
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Chapter 3: Research methodology
Research methodology is defined as the specific process as well as techniques that is
used in order to identify, choose, analyse as well as process information regarding a specific
topic. In addition to this, it is one of the important part of dissertation that includes all the
methods used in the research along with the reason. It is vital for investigator to make use of
an effective methods of research as it help in attaining objectives within set time frame. The
research methodology includes research philosophy, choice, approach, design and many
more. In addition to this, it also includes sampling, time horizon, ethical consideration,
research limitations of the present study (Onungwa, Olugu-Uduma, and Shelden, 2021). As
per the current study, it is important to carry out secondary research which has been applied
as it will help in acquisition of deep as well as detailed information about the impact of BIM
technology in constructing the building and cities in changing environment. All these sources
will mainly be cast-off for literature review as this section of research contributes in
collection of the secondary info. The main purpose of research methodology or this section is
to attain familiarity about the particular topic and the methods that are used in the present
study. This part of dissertation involves sum of research methods which are as follows:
Research philosophy - It basically involves a usual of assumptions as well as
opinions which help investigator in gathering, interpreting and interpreting of data in an
effective and systematic manner. In addition to this, research philosophy is mostly studied
inside the form of ontology and epistemology. Epistemology introduces to valid data required
within a research and how an individual obtain it. On the other pointer, ontology is a method
of viewpoint which means gathering data which is valid and authentic. Moreover,
epistemology is mainly categorised into two types that is interpretivism and positivism as
well. These are the two procedures of research philosophy which has been cast-off for the
purpose to collect and understand data effectively. In relation to positivism philosophy, it
assumes that information is independent of the particular area whereas interpretivism
philosophy claims that a person observes their won understanding. Both the research
philosophy is useful for researcher to gather information (Hasan, and Rasheed, 2019). For the
purpose to carry out the current dissertation, interpretivism philosophy is taken into
consideration as it is the most appreciated and appropriate for get-together as well as
assessing secondary data without disturbances. The main motive is to select this is it mainly
emphasis on secondary data and also helps the researcher in attaining suitable and valid
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