BIO1010 Biology in Action Re-sit: Data Analysis and Results

This report presents the analysis of data from a BIO1010 re-sit assignment, focusing on measurements of naked mole rats. The analysis includes summary statistics for body length and skull width across different groups (male, female, reproductive). Normality tests were conducted, and the data was found to be normally distributed for several groups. Paired t-tests were performed to compare means between productive and non-productive males and females, revealing significant differences. The report also includes bar charts and discusses the relationship between body length and skull width. The analysis was conducted using Minitab, following the guidelines provided in the assignment brief. The report provides a detailed account of the statistical methods used and the interpretation of the results, adhering to the format expected in a scientific paper.

Summary statistics
Variable N N* Mean SE Mean StDev Minimum Q1 Median Q3
Maximum
L Male 30 0 194.50 5.29 28.96 134.00 174.50 193.00 210.75
246.00
SW Male 30 0 28.877 0.561 3.075 23.200 26.775 28.300 31.175
34.200
L Female 30 0 193.43 5.31 29.11 139.00 171.75 194.50 217.25
248.00
SW Female 30 0 26.817 0.562 3.077 21.200 24.175 27.000 29.225
31.900
L Repro Male 30 0 197.73 5.28 28.93 145.00 177.25 193.00 222.50
254.00
SW Repro Male 30 0 29.587 0.551 3.020 24.800 27.150 29.500 32.775
35.000
L Repro female 30 0 265.30 7.12 39.02 198.00 235.75 265.00 294.00
343.00
SW Repro female 30 0 28.490 0.477 2.614 24.100 26.400 28.200 30.725
33.300
Bar charts
34.2
34.0
33.9
33.4
33.1
33.0
32.0
30.9
30.7
30.1
29.5
28.8
28.6
28.4
28.2
28.1
27.8
27.1
27.0
26.9
26.4
25.7
25.3
25.2
24.7
23.2
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
SW Male
Count
Chart of SW Male
Figure 1: Bar chart of SW male

246
243
240
235
234
231
216
209
207
203
201
200
199
196
193
191
189
185
184
182
181
175
173
168
163
161
159
144
134
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
L Male
Count
Chart of L Male
Figure 2: Bar chart of L male
Tests for normality
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99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 194.5
StDev 28.96
N 30
AD 0.277
P-Value 0.630
L Male
Percent
Probability Plot of L Male
Normal

Figure 3: Tests for normality on L male
363432302826242220
99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 28.88
StDev 3.075
N 30
AD 0.495
P-Value 0.198
SW Male
Percent
Probability Plot of SW Male
Normal
Figure 4: Tests for normality on SW male
260240220200180160140120
99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 193.4
StDev 29.11
N 30
AD 0.144
P-Value 0.965
L Female
Percent
Probability Plot of L Female
Normal

Figure 5: Tests for normality on L female
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99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 26.82
StDev 3.077
N 30
AD 0.292
P-Value 0.584
SW Female
Percent
Probability Plot of SW Female
Normal
Figure 6: Tests for normality on SW female

280260240220200180160140120
99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 197.7
StDev 28.93
N 30
AD 0.284
P-Value 0.608
L Repro Male
Percent
Probability Plot of L Repro Male
Normal
Figure 7: Tests for normality on L Repro Male
383634323028262422
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95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 29.59
StDev 3.020
N 30
AD 0.547
P-Value 0.146
SW Repro Male
Percent
Probability Plot of SW Repro Male
Normal
Figure 8: Tests for normality on SW Repro Male

350300250200150
99
95
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 265.3
StDev 39.02
N 30
AD 0.129
P-Value 0.981
L Repro female
Percent
Probability Plot of L Repro female
Normal
Figure 9: Tests for normality on L Repro Female
3634323028262422
99
95
90
80
70
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50
40
30
20
10
5
1
Mean 28.49
StDev 2.614
N 30
AD 0.351
P-Value 0.447
SW Repro female
Percent
Probability Plot of SW Repro female
Normal
Figure 10: Tests for normality on SW Repro Female

On the analysis, the SW Repro female, SW Repro male, L Repro female, L Repro male, L male, L female,
SW female proved normally distributed. This makes it fit for a parametric test on the productivity levels
among the groups.
Tests for differences in means between productive and non-productive males
Paired T for L Repro Male - SW Repro Male
N Mean StDev SE Mean
L Repro Male 30 197.73 28.93 5.28
SW Repro Male 30 29.59 3.02 0.55
Difference 30 168.15 25.97 4.74
95% CI for mean difference: (158.45, 177.84)
T-Test of mean difference = 0 (vs ≠ 0): T-Value = 35.46 P-Value = 0.000
On the analysis above, there is evidence of a difference in means between productive
and non-productive males (t=35.46, p=0.000).
Tests for differences in means between productive and non-productive females
Paired T for L Repro female - SW Repro female
N Mean StDev SE Mean
L Repro female 30 265.30 39.02 7.12
SW Repro female 30 28.49 2.61 0.48
Difference 30 236.81 36.49 6.66
95% CI for mean difference: (223.18, 250.44)
T-Test of mean difference = 0 (vs ≠ 0): T-Value = 35.54 P-Value = 0.000
On the analysis above, there is evidence of a difference in means between productive
and non-productive females (t=35.54, p=0.000).
Relationship between body length and skull width on the 4 samples

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250
225
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175
150
L Male
L Repro Male
Marginal Plot of L Repro Male vs L Male
Figure 11: Relationship between L males and reproduction levels
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34
32
30
28
26
24
SW Female
SW Repro female
Marginal Plot of SW Repro female vs SW Female
Figure 12: Relationship between SW females and reproduction levels