Analyzing Physiological Responses to Exercise, Aging & Health

This report analyzes the normal body responses to everyday physical activities, focusing on oxygen demand, respiratory system functions, and the coordination between cardiovascular organs and connective tissues. It explains these responses at the cellular and tissue level, highlighting the role of adipose tissue in maintaining energy levels. The report further examines the roles of the circulatory, nervous, and endocrine systems, as well as the kidneys and skin, in maintaining homeostasis. It also discusses how aging affects the nervous and respiratory systems, assessing the impacts of these changes on the body's structure and functioning, particularly in the context of a 78-year-old individual named Mary. The analysis relates Mary's medical conditions, including diabetes, osteoarthritis, and hypertension, to her routine care, emphasizing the importance of monitoring blood glucose, appropriate diet, medication, therapy, and the provision of walking aids to prevent falls.

Task 2 and 4

Normal body responses to everyday physical
activities

Contd...
 Oxygen demand increases in working muscles during
heavy exercises.
 Respiratory system functions very rapidly to meet the
demand.
 Breathing mechanism coordinates with cardiovascular
organs and connective tissues to supply oxygen

 Everyday running increases heart rate in body to pump the
blood quickly.
 Red blood cells carry oxygen from lungs to the muscles that
are involved in jogging.
 During rest, breathing rate is normal as the body is in the
resting phase.

Explanation of body responses by cellular and
tissue structure and physiology

Contd...
 While working out, the body demands more oxygen
 In absence of energy supply, the person may feel
exhausted due to increased level of chemicals like blood
lactate leading to low levels of blood pH.
 To maintain the energy levels in the body, adipose
tissue pay very critical role.

Contd...
These are type of connective tissue present in the organs
to provide structural support.
Fat cells, store fats that are derived from consumed food
and provides energy when it is required.
People who exercise daily and eat healthy food have
lower levels of stored fats

Explanation of body coordination in
homoeostasis

Contd...
Role of Circulatory system:
 Blood vessels carry oxygenated blood from heart to all
parts.
 Arteries carry waste blood back to the heart.
 White blood cells – fight against the disease platelets -
clotting

Role of Nervous system
 The autonomic system controls other organs and
functions at subconscious levels.
 It is further segmented into sympathetic and
parasympathetic systems based on the responses.
 Parasympathetic systems generate impacts which are
important for day to day activities.
 Sympathetic is associated with emergency conditions.

Role of Nervous system
 The autonomic system controls other organs and
functions at subconscious levels.
 It is further segmented into sympathetic and
parasympathetic systems based on the responses.
 Parasympathetic systems generate impacts which are
important for day to day activities.
 Sympathetic is associated with emergency conditions.

Role of Endocrine system:
 Glands secrete chemical messengers known as
hormones.
 The hormones are transported to various parts of the
body by blood.
 The endocrine system together with nervous system
helps in maintaining the homoeostasis in an
organization.