EC4005 - Global Business and Economic Context: Brexit & UK Healthcare

This essay analyzes the economic impacts of Brexit on the UK healthcare system, focusing on workforce shortages, particularly among nurses, medics, and care staff, and the reliance on EU migrants. It discusses the government's proposed skilled immigration system and its potential limitations, especially in social care. The paper examines the effects on EU citizens living in the UK and the implications of a no-deal Brexit. It also addresses competition, procurement laws, and the need for government intervention to address market inefficiencies, including the protection of trade pacts and the transposition of EU legislation. Furthermore, it explores the impact on research funding and the importance of government intervention to ensure financial commitments and support for scientific endeavors, concluding with an overview of the challenges and opportunities presented by Brexit for the UK healthcare sector, including the need for the UK government to intervene and continue its collaboration with the EU.

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Abstract
Brexit refers to the withdrawal of England from European Union following a referendum that
was done in 2016.this paper will discuss the economic impacts of Brexit and also the importance

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of the intervention of the UK government to bring stability in the health sector. The paper will
also discuss the impacts on EU on the UK citizens that live outside the Great Britain.
Effects of Brexit
Brexit has a great impact on the staffing and preservation of the EU citizens in some parts of the
labor force and this has led to the shortage of workforce and key staff. The healthcare department
has been immensely affected as far as the delivery of the social and healthcare services are
concerned.
Currently, there is a shortage of more than 100,000 staff across the NHS trusts and this
has adversely affected some primary groups comprising nurses, many categories of medics and
associated health professional and also care staff (Mankiw & Taylor, 2011, p. 45). There are
rising positions in fully-grown social care department. The proportion of the European Union
workers in both the NHS and communal care department has gone high in the recent past and
this is a clear indication that both of these departments have been relying on the EU migrants.
The UK has a major division of enlistment doctors who work abroad than some other EU
country except for Ireland and Norway. The most recent report reveals that the amount of
masters from the European Economic region who are joining the restorative register is holding
consistent (Begg, Vernasca, Fischer, & Dornbus, 2014, p. 134). Because of quiet visa breaking
points, and dynamic staffing by trusts, the amount of non-EEA surgeons has expanded quickly.
One of the essential urgencies in the main phase of the UK exchange with EU was the
explanation of the status of EU occupants who are living in the UK and the UK natives who are
living in other EU domains. The EU natives who are living in the UK containing the 170,000
EEA laborers who are as of now working in the social insurance area can apply for the EU
settlement conspire.

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Price Cap
The government of the United Kingdom has published a white paper for the new skilled
imagination system that will commence in 2021.the latter is aimed at treating the EEA
immigrants the same way as non-EEA immigrants. The system abolishes the limit figures of the
skillful laborers and suggests earning threshold which will affect the ability of the country to set
a pay verge for the skilled workers. The white paper reveals the UK's dependence on migrants in
social care. The paper recommends that these workers would come for a limited time in that
transitional period and that they would have no entitlement to bring their dependents (Sloman &
Garratt, 2016, p. 154). The latter would be a limitation for the communal care system to
attracting enough workforces. In a case of a no-deal Brexit, a period for the EU residents would
make it possible for them (the citizens) to enter the UK as they have always done but then again,
if they wish to stay there long enough, they will be required to apply for authorization under the
new provisional leave to continue being in the scheme.
The EU citizens who obtain this would be entitled to live, work and also study in the UK
for an additional three years. The health and other social sectors have relied on the EU for many
years and will keep on needing them in the future (Sloman & Garratt, 2016, p. 159). In the short
tenure, the declaration about the EU arrangement about the defrayal of the status of the EU
residents who are living in the UK will assure and persuade them to live in the UK and valuable
contribution to the social care and the general economy. The following graph shows the UK
citizens living in the EU countries and who will be directly affected by Brexit.

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(Coyle, 2016, p. 45).
With the increased efforts to welcome the domestic NHS workforce, there will be
increased staff in the frontline. The broadening of the occupations has led to the creation of more
vacancies. These vacancies have been leading to increased economic growth due to an increased
range of therapeutic specializations and social care administrators. Due to increased salaries or
earning capping, the healthcare sector has seen an increased workforce. The NHS and communal
care have been able to recruit lower-trained workers from the EU and somewhere else. Brexit has
the probable to compound workforce pressures. Brexit has affected healthcare adversely
(Sampson, 2017, p. 65). The verdict of the UK to leave the EU has led to problems related to the
retention and recruitment of workers. The regime should intervene to create a huge ethical
substructure for international recruitment. The latter will boost the economic growth for Britain.
There are uncountable benefits of Britain being a member of the EU and EMA to be precise.
Some of those advantages include and amplified system of governance for the firms which are
seeking permissions for their goods and precedence admittance to new drugs and prescriptions
(Coyle, 2016, p. 30). Being an affiliate of the EU will also enable the UK to access nuclear

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materials that will help in the treatment of cancer. This will enable the UK patient to pay as little
as possible for the treatment and hence save for other sectors in the economy.
Competition
Competition in the EU and procurement laws in the UK is very combative. An
amalgamation of the rivalry act and patient choice prohibits anti-competitive behavior by the
NHS benefactors. Leaving the EU would give room for the policymakers to modify these
arrangements and also other regulations that befit the laws on competition. There is a need for
government intervention to amend UK law if they wish to modify the current competition policy.
Due to the raised concerns on the effect of occupation deals between the EU and the republics
outdoor the EU, predominantly the United States; the government needs to ensure that it protects
the new trade pacts (Staiger & Martil, 2018, p. 312). The inability of the UK administration to do
this will affect the future trading relationship with the EU. The NHS has been fluctuating away
from antagonism and heading towards a more cooperative tactic that is meant to deliver services.
Leaving EU would offer the motivation to bring into line the law with this tactic and this would
provide lucidity and inevitability to the native areas as they strive to device models for social
care. The following graph shows the effects of EU legislation on the drugs traded in UK after
Brexit.

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(Coyle, 2016, p. 132).
The legislation of the EU has had critical impacts on some areas like in the air eminence
that cannot be curbed at the national level alone. The UK government needs to intervene to
transpose the primary legislation that maintains the public regulations for the EU (Coyle, 2016,
p. 231). The administration is obligatory to contemplate a high level of human health while
making policies like the do no harm treaty for Lisbon. The move by the UK to leave the EU will
lead to factor decision making and easier implementation due to a short stream of information.
Once the UK leaves the EU, the government will need to intervene and decide if it wants to
fasten their procedures more than how the EU has been doing as far as public health is
concerned.
The members of the medical community have articulated serious apprehensions on the
effects of exiting the EU on the investigation department in the UK. The research would be
affected since there will be restrictions on the free movement of the researchers around the UK
and neighboring countries and hence attracting research funding would not be easy (Mankiw &

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Taylor, 2011, p. 34). The government intervention in Brexit will lead to commitments to honor
the funding agreements for the projects that were signed before the planned Brexit. The
intervention of the UK government will also help the government in underwriting the funding for
all bids that are successful and have been submitted before the UK leaves EU.
Government Intervention
Government intervention will also help in the establishment of a go-getting arrangement
on science and invention. The agreement will ensure that there is a valuable link that exists
between the UK and the EU. While it may be possible for some projects to continue after Brexit,
the projects in the UK will not be able to receive EU funding in most cases, the UK will hence
have much influence over the work programs. The restrictions on the movement of researchers
will hurt almost three-quarters of the researchers in the United Kingdom (Begg, Vernasca,
Fischer, & Dornbus, 2014, p. 45). The latter will affect the researchers who have spent almost
three-quarters of their research careers in the UK. Brexit will lock chances of international
researchers who bring international talents in the UK. The UK lags behind the other analogous
thrifts in investing in the nationwide funds in research and growth. Without admittance to the EU
funding, the UK economy will fall further. It is better for the UK government to intervene and
continue its collaboration with the EU.
Conclusion
The decision made by the UK has had an impact on social care. The decision to exit the
EU has made EMA headquarters to be moved to Amsterdam. The number of health workers who
are joining the workforce in Europe has also gone down. There are some opportunities that
Brexit will generate. There will be chances to move faster on public health regulation and there
will fewer obstacles to as far as competition in health and social care is concerned. It is important

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for the government to reconsider the decision since the British citizens who will be traveling to
EU countries will have to carry private insurance. UK citizens who live abroad will live with
uncertainty if Brexit succeeds.

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References
Begg, D., Vernasca, G., Fischer, S., & Dornbus, M. (2014). Economics (11th edn ed.). Berkshire:
McGraw-Hill Education.
Coyle, D. (2016). Brexit and globalisation. Brexit Beckons: Thinking ahead by leading
economists., 45(4), 23-39.
Mankiw, N. G., & Taylor, P. M. (2011). Economics (2nd edn ed.). Hampshire: Cengage
Learning.
Sampson, T. (2017). Brexit: the economics of international disintegration. Journal of Economic
Perspectives, 31(4), 163-84.
Sloman, J., & Garratt, D. (2016). Essentials of Economics. London: Pearson.
Staiger, U., & Martil, B. (2018). Brexit and Beyond–Rethinking the Futures of Europe. Future of
Europe, 12(4), 312-313.