University of West London: Brexit's Impact on UK Pharma Industry

This report, submitted as part of a research ethics application at the University of West London, evaluates the impact of Brexit on the UK pharmaceutical industry. The study aims to assess how Brexit affects the industry's income, identify key Brexit-related factors impacting UK pharmaceutical companies, and explore potential mechanisms for improving the sector's income post-Brexit. Utilizing secondary data, the research employs a qualitative analysis to explore the effects of Brexit, focusing on areas such as research and development funding and regulatory issues. The methodology includes an analysis design to offer insights into the subject, and the report draws on public journals, articles, reports, and web sources to support its findings. The student also addressed ethical considerations, confirming that only secondary data will be used and outlining the research design as descriptive.

Secondary Data collection Only
University of West London Research Ethics
You are required to complete an ethics application BEFORE you
embark on the data collection exercise of the research project
Please complete all the following sections:
- Section A: Ethics Form
- Section B: Data management and storage form

RESEARCH ETHICS AND INTEGRITY
RISK ASSESSMENT FORM
Section A: FORM A
For all Undergraduate/Postgraduate Dissertations and Research
Projects
Please fill in this form, then SAVE IT AS A PDF and submit as instructed by your supervisor
with your project proposal
Your name: (first) ……………………… (last)

PROJECT DESCRIPTON
Please answer the following questions:
1. Do you intend to involve human participants in the conduct of your research?
If no, please skip questions 2 & 3.
☐ Yes ☐No x
2. Does your research involve vulnerable adults or under-18s?
☐ Yes ☐No
3. Could your research potentially expose you, anyone assisting you, or
participants to emotional harm?
☐ Yes ☐No
4. Will your research involve travelling to geo-politically unstable
regions/countries (e.g. areas affected by war, civil unrest, natural disasters, or
listed as unadvisable to travel by the UK government?
☐ Yes ☐No x
5. Will your research involve access to security-sensitive material? If yes, you
must include a data management statement.
☐ Yes ☐No x
This proposal must be completed with the assistance of your supervisor. You
can change the size of the boxes (below) by typing or deleting as necessary.
It is very important to convey with clarity:
• Your research questions/the problem/the theme or topic you are investigating
(what you are proposing to do and to find out or to create)
• The methodology or technical approach (for projects comprising in whole or
in part the creation of an artefact) you will adopt – methods, number of
participants, who the participants (if any) will be, survey instruments used
technology and equipment employed etc.; and what questions you are
planning to ask your respondents (if applicable); how you will deal with
technical challenges.
Title of project __
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_EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF THE BREXIT ON PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN THE
UK________________________________________________________________________
Name of researcher(s) __ ___________________________________Email_
Name of supervisor _Mark
Cannon____________________________Date:__16.04.2021_____________________
WHERE APPROPRIATE TO YOUR CHOSEN TOPIC/RESEARCH: YES NO N/A
1 Will you describe in writing the main procedures to participants in
advance, so that they are informed about what to expect? A copy of
this must be attached to this application
X
2 Will you tell participants that their participation is voluntary? X
3 Will you obtain written consent for participation and include within this
that they have a right to withdraw at any point? A copy of this must
be attached to this application
X
4 If the research is observational, will you ask participants for their
consent to being observed?
X
5 With questionnaires, will you give participants the option of omitting
questions they do not want to answer?
X
6 Will you tell participants that their data will be treated with full
confidentiality and that, if published, it will not be identifiable as
theirs? This should be evidenced in the consent form and with a
signed copy of UWL’s data management form, attached to this
application.
X
7 Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e. give
them a brief explanation of the study)? A copy of this must be
attached to this application
X
If you have ticked No to any of Q1-7, but have ticked box A overleaf, please give an
explanation on a separate sheet.
[Note: N/A = not applicable]
YES NO N/A

8 Will your project involve deliberately misleading participants in any
way?
x
9 Is there any realistic risk of any participants experiencing either
physical or psychological distress or discomfort? If Yes, give details
on a separate sheet and state what you will tell them to do if they
should experience any problems (e.g. who they can contact for help).
x
If you have ticked Yes to 8 or 9, you should normally tick box B overleaf; if not, please
give a full explanation on a separate sheet
YES NO N/A
10 Does your project involve work with animals? If yes, please tick
box B overleaf.
x
11 Do participants fall into any of
the following vulnerable
groups? If they do, please and
tick box B overleaf.
Note that you may also need
to obtain satisfactory DBS
clearance (or equivalent for
overseas students).
Schoolchildren (under 18 years of
age)
X
People with learning or
communication difficulties
X
Patients X
People in custody X
People engaged in illegal
activities (e.g. drug-taking)
X
Any other groups who could be
reasonably argued as
representing any form of
vulnerability – please specify
X
12 Will you be accessing materials which may be considered security-
sensitive under the Counter Terrorism Act (2015)?
x
There is an obligation on the researcher to bring to the attention of the School Ethics Panel any
issues with ethical implications not clearly covered by the above checklist.
PLEASE TICK EITHER BOX A OR BOX B BELOW AND PROVIDE THE DETAILS REQUIRED
IN SUPPORT OF YOUR APPLICATION. THEN SIGN THE FORM.
Please tick
A. I consider that this project has no significant ethical implications to be brought
before the School Ethics Panel.
x
B. I consider that this project may have ethical implications that should be brought
before the School Ethics Panel, and/or it will be carried out with children or other
vulnerable populations.
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I have received guidance on ethical research practices relevant to my subject as part of
my preparation for this module.
Signed _ __________________________ Print Name Date 16.04.2021_________
(UG Researcher(s))
Print Name Cannon_____________________ Date 16.04.2021_______________
(Supervisor)

PART 2
SPECIFICATIONS OF PROJECT
Please answer the following question:
1. Do you intend to use only secondary data in the conduct of your research?
☐ Yes ☐No
Introduction to the research
Background to research topic area (with references where applicable). 200 words approx.
Include Aims and Hypothesis, Research Question(s) of the dissertation/project.
The aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the impact of the BREXIT on
the pharmaceutical
Industry. The pharmaceutical Industry is one off the largest industry on
the UK offering to the revenue a large amount of money. The
pharmaceutical industry is offering a large amount of jobs in all sectors,
and with the BREXIT will be losses that will affect all sectors,
pharmaceutical sector, patients, researchers, development and not last
the government.
The study worked is based on:
Objectives
*To evaluate the ways related to how to income of UK pharmaceutical industry is being
impacted by Brexit.
* To determine key Brexit related factors that impacted UK pharmaceutical companies
* To explore brexit related factors that impacted the income and growth of UK
pharmaceutical companies
* To recommend possible mechanism for improving income of UK pharmaceutical
business post- Brexit
The research question that will be used:
* What are the ways related to how to income of UK pharmaceutical industry is being
impacted by Brexit?
* What are the key Brexit related factors that impacted UK pharmaceutical companies?
* What are the factors that impacted the income and growth of UK pharmaceutical
companies?
* What are various possible mechanism for improving income of UK pharmaceutical
business post- Brexit?
Literature review
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Evaluate the ways related to how to income of UK pharmaceutical industry is being
impacted by Brexit
As per the viewpoint of “Fawz Kazzazi, (2021), It is to be arguably states that
pharmaceutical company is consider best industry in UK in the negotiation of the Brexit
Vote. It offers thousands of job opportunities and helps in tax revenues of the country.
Determine key Brexit related factors that impacted UK pharmaceutical companies
According to the viewpoint of “Rick Brar, (2021)” there are several factors that show
impact on UK pharmaceutical companies are shown below:
Research and development & Funding- It are a core activity in pharmaceutical sector.
In this EU funding such as horizon, that lose access to have alternative sources.
Regulatory issues- Due to Brexit, regulatory issues are affected that impacts UK
pharmaceutical organisation.
REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Kazzazi. F., 2021. Evaluating the impact of Brexit on the pharmaceutical industry.
[Online]. Available through: https://joppp.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40545-
017-0120-z
Brar. R., 2021. The transition to Brexit: what's next for the UK’s pharmaceutical
industry?. [Online], Available through: < https://www.thepharmaletter.com/article/the-
transition-to-brexit-what-s-next-for-the-uk-s-pharmaceutical-industry>
Method
Outline all methodological issues - e.g. Design, participants, questionnaires, tests,
method of data collection. Who are you working with? How? What Measures? What
interventions/manipulations? What controls? If your research entails exclusively the
consultation of published documents, books, articles or other work in the public domain
please state this under the heading ‘materials’.
The pharmaceutical industry has a very important role in the economy of a country. In
order to respond the question, we identified in the dissertation we will used secondary
data.

The material that we will use in this dissertation will be:
*public journal
*articles
*reports
*web
Research design
The study is formed by the analysis design which is a detailed system of structure. It
provides strategies for explaining and determining how to answer research questions or
achieve specific goals and priorities in a way that leads to valid conclusion and good
inference from final research output. It includes a roadmap that explains and establishes
how to address research questions or achieve research goals in order to reach valid
conclusion. Study design consists mostly of plans used by a researcher during course
of project. There are different types of research design which are given below:
Explanatory design- This research design is done on a problem that has not previously
been well studied and it establishes goals, creates organizational concepts and produces
a more thoroughly researched model. This is a form of research design that focuses on
thoroughly illustrating the various aspects of research.
Descriptive design- The descriptive design method focuses primarily on challenging
hypotheses. Another element that has been found as a result of the above is that
descriptive research design aids investigators in defining population characteristics.
Research design should be developed in order to ensure that outcomes are reliable and
valid.
Experiment design- This study design is used for experiments that have never been
completed before and have no previous studies to apply to. The aim of exploratory
design is to gain new insights and information that can be used in future investigations.
This analysis will decide whether or not a potential study is feasible and later strategies
for further research will be established. Where there is time limit including when cause
always comes before consequence and where there is consistency in causal relationship
including where a specific cause always leads to the same outcome and degree of
correlation is high, this form of study method is frequently used.
Justification: In conducting the present investigation, there will be descriptive research
design considering as this helps in provide the theoretical and conceptual information
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regarding impact of the BREXIT on the pharmaceutical Industry. Using this research
design helps in provide the solutions of arisen issues regarding the specific subject and
focus on gaining the positive research outcomes.
Participants (where applicable)
Materials (to include locations and resources)
Material includes:
*public government documents
*pharmaceutical associations
*news
*web
*reports
Analysis
CLEARLY describe the method of analysis you are going to use. Is it qualitative or
quantitative?
Qualitative method
The dissertation will use qualitative data to analysis about impact of BREXIT on the
pharmaceutical industry in the UK. In this research, there will be qualitative research
method considered. Qualitative research is a type of research method that relies on
open-ended and conversational communication to gather information. Qualitative
research methods are created in such a way that they can expose a target audience's
behaviour and perceptions in relation to a specific subject. The reason of using qualitative
the qualitative research method is that it provides the deep understanding and also
analyse the opinions of authors regarding the impact of the BREXIT on the
pharmaceutical Industry. In contrast to quantitative research, qualitative research focuses
words over numbers and depth over scope. Qualitative methods provide a dynamic
approach to study, allowing the researcher to follow this up on responses provided by
respondents, resulting in useful discussion around a subject. Other than this, qualitative
research method is helpful in provide the information and data in summarise manner so
that researcher can able to understand the concepts and focus on attaining the set
objectives within given time period.
Research Approach
The research approach is a strategy and technique that includes steps from general
assumptions to specific collection of data, evaluation and interpretation methods. Any

research study requires proper procedures and plans to ensure that data is collected in
accordance with the research topic. In the case of research work, there are two main
types of research approaches that are commonly used. The inductive and deductive are
two different types of research approaches. The different between inductive and
deductive approach is that inductive approach is related with generation of the new
theory that emerging from data. On the other hand, deductive approach is aims as well
as testing theory.
Justification: In conducting the present study, there will be inductive research approach
considering as it is based on qualitative method and give the proper description about
particular subject area. In this research approach, investigator uses to conduct research
on topic for which there is less to no existing literature. In this form of investigation, the
investigator starts by analysing things and then develops a hypothesis after the analysis
is completed. For analysing the trend and gaining an understanding of relationship
between the study's various variables, an investigator primarily uses an inductive
approach to analysis.
Research Philosophy
The research philosophy deals with nature, source and development of the knowledge.
This is belief regarding ways under which the data regarding phenomenon should be
gathered. This is specific way of developing the knowledge that explains philosophical
paradigm. Through systemic phases, research philosophy is creation of logical reasoning
that combines current understanding with currently existing methods of thought. The
philosophical framework is defined by research philosophy, that is specific process of
developing knowledge. Certain premises focused on perspective are needed for creation
and understanding of information. There are interpretivism and positivism research
philosophies.
Justification: There will be interpretivism research philosophy considering as this gives
the in- depth information related to impact of BREXIT on the pharmaceutical industry in
the UK. The main reason behind using this interpretivism philosophy is that it focuses on
choosing subjective elements of research methodology that best meet study's
requirements. Rather than focusing on research process, interpretivism research
philosophy is used in current study to emphasise the significance of research related
to research issue and questions related to research problem.
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Section B: RESEARCH ETHICS AND INTEGRITY
DATA MANAGEMENT AND STORAGE STATEMENT
All applicants should familiarise themselves with the Data Protection Act
1998, and adhere to its principles in all aspects of their research:
http://www.uwl.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Departments/About-us/Web/PDF/
policies/policy-on-data-protection.pdf
Research data covers a broad range of types of information (see examples
below), and digital data can be structured and stored in a variety of file
formats.
EXAMPLES OF RESEARCH DATA
Some examples of research data:
Documents (text, Word), spreadsheets
Laboratory notebooks, field notebooks, diaries
Questionnaires, transcripts, codebooks
Audiotapes, videotapes
Photographs, films
Test responses
Slides, artefacts, specimens, samples
Collection of digital objects acquired and generated during the process of
research
Database contents (video, audio, text, images)
Models, algorithms, scripts
Contents of an application (input, output, logfiles for analysis software,
simulation software, schemas)
Methodologies and workflows
Standard operating procedures and protocols