Change Management and Leadership: A British Airways Analysis

This report delves into the intricacies of change management and leadership within British Airways, a prominent player in the airline industry. It begins with an introduction to change management and its significance for organizations, followed by a comparison of change implementation strategies between British Airways and Tesco, highlighting the impact on their strategies and operations. The report then evaluates how internal and external factors influence leadership, team dynamics, and individual behavior at British Airways, utilizing PESTEL and SWOT analyses to assess the company's environment. It also explores strategies to mitigate the negative effects of change on organizational behavior, emphasizing the importance of leadership, timelines, and communication. Furthermore, the report examines the barriers to change and their impact on leadership decision-making, including the application of force field analysis. Finally, it applies various leadership approaches and change management models to propose effective strategies for successful change implementation within British Airways, culminating in concluding remarks and references.

Understanding and leading
change

Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................4
P1- Comparison of two organisation where change impact on strategy and operation...............4
M1- Drivers of change in each situation......................................................................................6
LO2..................................................................................................................................................7
P2- Evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team
and Individual behaviour.............................................................................................................7
P3- Strategies to minimise the negative impact of change on organisational behaviour............9
M3- Apply appropriate theories and models to critically evaluate the organisational response
to change....................................................................................................................................10
LO3................................................................................................................................................11
P4- Barriers of the change and how they influence on leadership decision making.................11
M4- Force field analysis to analyse the driving and resistance forces......................................12
LO4................................................................................................................................................12
P5- Apply different leadership approaches and change management models..........................12
M4- Leadership approaches for the change management.........................................................14
Conclusion....................................................................................................................................14
Reference......................................................................................................................................16

Introduction
Change management is the method in which organisation described and implement the change
Within the internal and external process. change is important for the companies in particular time
because Way of business an prospective of customers change with the time and it is necessary
for the company to bring changes so they can take competitive advantages within the market
where they are operating their business (Holten, Hancock and Bøllingtoft., 2019).
This report will cover British Airways which is flag carrier airline of United Kingdom. It is
located in London, England, UK. it is the second largest UK based career headline on the basis
of their size and passenger carried by them.

It will compare different organisations like British Airways and Tesco who have implemented
change management And it will explain what was the change impact an organisational strategy
used by companies. This report will he will lead the ways in which international drivers of
change affect the leadership, individual and team behaviour. His report will evaluate and
measure the negative impact of change on the organisational behaviour.! It will also determine
how barriers to change influence leadership and decision making of the company. in the end of
this report it will apply range of leadership approaches that can be used to implement change
successfully within the British Airways.
LO1
P1- Comparison of two organisation where change impact on strategy and operation.
There are some companies who have implemented the change, some of them were successful
implemented change at their workplace, and some of them are filled. every organisation have
common reason to failed and that is they did not follow the change process properly (Hoe.,
2017). two companies who have implemented change within their organisations are British
Airways and Tesco inc. Implementation of change within the companies impact on their strategy
and operation both.
British Airways Tesco
In year 1984 The new
chairman John, When
he become the
chairman of the
company he noted that
the company was
extremely insufficient
and lot of valuable
resources were being
wasted. To help the
British Airways and
Tesco is another
company who have
implemented change
within their
organisation. leader
and manager of the
company decided to
bring change to
increase and make
company more
effective within the

make them more
profitable John
Decided to restructure
whole organisational
structure of the
company. He did it
through the chain
management plan. the
organisation soon
began to reduce the
workforce. However,
Before completing this,
the company chairman-
thought that he’s
changed management
leadership is provided
the business with
reasons for
restructuring the
company British
Airways to help
prepare them for the
upcoming change. the
plan of the German
show axe 22,000 jobs
including the half of
bored- They also
replaced the older plan
with the modern jets an
eliminated the roots
that are unprofitable for
retail industry. they
decided to bring new
technology at their
workplace to make
their operations more
effective and they also
come up with the new
segments of product
and services. To
implement the change
successfully leader and
manager provided
effective training to the
employees so they can
learn how technology
work and how they can
use it effectively To be
more productive and
effective.
Complemented the Rio
technology and with
the training employees
were able to use the
technology. the new
technology
implemented by
company make the
operations more
effective and help
companies to take
competitive advantages

the company. through
the leadership and
communication, John
Managed to direct the
business through an
incredibly difficult
time pan turn British
Airways into the
profitability business.
The change
management
implemented by the
chairman of the
company was
successful and it
impact on the company
strategy and operation
and make them more
effective as compared
to the previous
performance by the
British Airways.
Operations of the
company become more
smooth and creating
high profits for the
British Airways and it
helped company to
overcome from their
failures.
within the market
where they are
operating their
business. on the other
side they come with the
financial services by
adding understanding
the needs of people
who look for loan and
many other facilities
(Shams, Sharif, and
Kermanshah., 2017).
Tesco companies start
their financial services
to provide loan to the
people within United
Kingdom and it helped
them to achieve
success within the
business and company
was able to show their
presence within the
market where their
operating their
business. The new
strategies have time to
grow effectively and
help them to be
successfully implement
the change within their
workplace.

M1- Drivers of change in each situation
In both the organisation competition from the external organisations or the failure of the
company within the market for them to implement the change so they can overcome from the
problems and take competitive advantages. what the company was going through bad time and it
was necessary for the company to overcome from it through the change management process.
LO2
P2- Evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team
and Individual behaviour
There are some factors well in the business environment that has huge impact on the companies
leadership, team an individual behaviour (Day, Van Niekerk, and Okumus., 2017). It is
necessary for the leaders and managers of the British Airways to be aware of those factors so
they can take competitive advantages by converting the weakness into the opportunities and
opportunities into reality.
PESTEL analysis
Political
Political factors have huge impact on the British Airways because, airline industry is controlled
by the government itself and they have almost full of their control over it. this shows that how
political factor impact the British Airways. impact on the companies leadership, team and
individual behaviour becausr leaders are appointed by the government And they run company
according to them. Before taking any kind of step about teams and individual and they have to
concern with the government.
Economical
Economical factors also have huge impact on the British Airways, increasing prices of oil can
affect the probability. It also influence in the leaders of the company becausr, great leadership
decision’s can help company to overcome from the economical price crisis, effective leaders
come up with the new ideas and approaches that can help to save the fuel. it also influence on the
teams and individual because their salaries can be cut down during the crisis.

Social
It is necessary for the British Airways To be aware of safety and security of the safety and
security of the people within the aeroplane. Leaders in short the security features and they’re
testing (Weraniyagoda., 2018). It also affects the teams and individual to create good experience
for the customers so they can gain their loyalty and they will choose again British Airways to
travel.
Technology
Technology has huge impact on the companies leadership, teams and individuals Behaviour.
Leaders of the British Airways are responsible to take decision that what technology should be
used by company to make them more effective. on the other side it also effect beams and
individual behaviour, technology implementation means new task and training will be needed for
the individual and team. it can influence on the individual behaviour because they can
demotivated do to change implementation.
Environmental
It is necessary for the British Airways to give their support toward the environmental issues.
British Airways is also looking to save fuel efficiency within their aircrafts. It also influence on
the leadership the leader’s Will take decision’s Ann look for the environmental issues. leader of
the company should encourage their team members an individual work eco friendly and save the
fuel efficiency in aircraft.
Legal
Legally British Airways is under the control of government that make them work ethically
within their business. they are paying all the taxes to the government an audit is done by
governmental bodies (Castex and et.al., 2018). legal factors influence on the leadership becausr,
leaders how to ensure that companies working legally and it also affects the teams an individual
behaviour.
SWOT analysis
Strength

 British airlines have their own engineering branch to maintain their aircraft fleet, this
includes the line maintenance at over 17 airports around the world. As well as hangar
facilities at Gatwick Airport.
 The British Airways was nationalised to form the British overseas Airways Corporation
in year 1939, and year 1972 got combined with the BEA Under British Airways board.
Weakness
 weakness of the British Airways is that they are totally dependent on the United
Kingdom market. 50% of their revenue is generated by this market and they can't be
depended on one nation.
 This company has good presence in all over the world through their subsidiaries but still
they are under penetrated in developing markets like China and India.
Opportunities
 Due to the intervention of the government bye and large affecting the operations of
airline companies many competitors are forced to exit the market due to the high cost of
competing and struggling of global economy.
 Implementation of new technology related to safety within the British Airline aircraft can
create good opportunity for the company to create good experience and safety for the
customers (Rosenbaum, More, and Steane., 2018).
Threat
 Competition within the airline industry have huge impact on the British Airways,
competition is making hard for the British Airways to maintain the traffic of the
passenger, some of the airlines have cost effective structure that help them to provide
facilities in lower prices.
P3- Strategies to minimise the negative impact of change on organisational behaviour
Implementation of new change in the British airlines can have negative impact on the companies
performance and their operations and mostly on employees who are working for them. it is
necessary for the company to use or make some strategies that can help them to minimise the
negative impact of change on their organisational behaviour and they will able to implement new

change effectively at their workplace (Al-Ali, and et.al., 2017). Here are some strategies that can
be used by British Airways to implement the change.
Leadership
Change management within the companies is never been easy task and sometimes they also need
specialist and consultants who can help them to implement the change successfully, it is because
failure can be come up with the crisis for the company. It is necessary for leaders to have specific
leadership skills and Ability that can be helpful for them to overcome from the negative impact
of change. It is necessary for the leaders of British Airways to adopt leadership like
transformational, Democratic and situational.
Set the timeline
Company always want change implement quickly and as soon as possible, but it doesn't mean
that company is going to work reality once they unravel this system or process they are
implementing. It is necessary for the company to take into account their resources and current
workload and draw our road map to change that reflects this. They should make proper timeline
to implement the change effectively.
Communication and awareness
It is necessary for the leaders and managers of the British Airways to aware people about the
change process and things related to the change. awareness among the people will help them to
create understanding off implementing the change within their company. stakeholders are
important part of the company so they should be aware of changes so they can participate and
give their support as well (Jayatilleke and Lai., 2018). One of the worst thing that can happen in
this change management processes misinformation About the change among staff members and
other stakeholders of the company. It will help companies leaders and managers to create the rest
among the employees and they will support the change management effectively.
Use the proper process
It is necessary for the British Airways leaders and managers to implement the change with the
proper process and methods. without using any proper method or the change management model
there are high chances for the British Airways to fail in change management So it makes

necessary for the British Airways leaders and managers to use proper methods and process to
implement the chain successfully at their workplace. Lewin Change management model can be
helpful to implement the change successfully for the British Airways.
M3- Apply appropriate theories and models to critically evaluate the organisational response to
change.
Lewin Change management model can be helpful to implement the change successfully for the
British Airways. This theory include 3 steps in change management that can (Galli., 2018). Take
place to implement the change successfully. first stage of the model is Unfreezing very
employees are aware about the change another stages change where real change take place and
last stage is refreezing where leaders ensure the change and behaviour of the employees.
LO3
P4- Barriers of the change and how they influence on leadership decision making
There are some various of the chain management that can influence on the leaders decision-
making process and create problem and restrictions implementing change for the British Airways
(Altamony and et.al., 2016). It is necessary for the leaders and managers of the British Airways
to Max strategies that can help them to overcome from the barriers of change and they can able
to take decision’s effectively and implement the change successfully. here are barriers of change
Employees as the resistance
Sometimes employees become resistance of change an it is one of the biggest barrier within the
change management process. it is necessary for the leaders and managers to understand that
employees are most important part of the British Airways and they should be aware of what
company is thinking to do and how they are doing and what will be the impact of it. employees
become resistance when they are not aware of change and leaders take decisions without telling
them. It create problem and then does not get the support of employees in the chain management
process and employees can also demotivated and they are not able to work effectively. it also
breaks the trust and make company unsuccessful to implement the change.
Budget

Sometimes budget create a problem to implement the change, it is necessary for The finance
manager of the British Airways to make a proper budget an estimated budget for the change
management. the poor financial budget Ken create huge problem for the implementation of
change and it can also make the change management failed for the British Airways (Cameron
and Green., 2019). over budget and less budget both can be a reason for the failure of company
and implementing change.
Poor management
Change management need a proper management within the workplace so the change can be
implemented successfully and British Airways can take competitive advantages within the
market where their operating their business. poor management can be a reason for the field of
chain management implementation and it became barrier for the company, poor management can
include the poor staff morale, insufficiency, missed opportunities etc. It can create problem for
the British Airways and they will not able to implement the change successfully. employees
become resistance when they are not aware of change and leaders take decisions without telling
them. It create problem and then does not get the support of employees in the chain management
process and employees can also demotivated and they are not able to work effectively. it also
breaks the trust and make company unsuccessful to implement the change.
Organisation as a change barrier
Sometimes company can also become a change barrier for themselves, that does not
communicate with the employees another important stakeholder of the company and implement
change without knowing other team members of the company. this become barrier for company
themselves and it is created by themselves (Bousquet and et.al., 2019). It is necessary for the
leaders and managers of the company to make the other team members aware about the change
they are implementing so they can give their support and change and company and able to
implement the change successfully and take competitive advantages within the market where
they are operating their business.
M4- Force field analysis to analyse the driving and resistance forces
The force field analysis is development in social science, it helps to provide the framework that
looking at the factors that can be known as forces that influence our situation, originally social

situation within the company. it look at the forces that are either driving moment toward a goal
or blocking movement toward a goal.! Force field analysts can help to understand the forces that
implement the changes and become a reason for the change within the company.
LO4
P5- Apply different leadership approaches and change management models
There are some leadership approaches and change management models that are effective in the
change to implement it successfully (Ik, and Azeez., 2020). Leaders and managers of the British
Airways can also use change management models and approaches related to their leadership that
will help them to overcome from the resistance of change and they will able to implement the
change successfully at their workplace. it will make them more effective Ann change and
increase their productivity and efficiency within the market and they were able to take
competitive advantages.
Leadership approaches
Situational leadership style
Situational leadership style can be one of the most effective leadership style to implement the
change effectively at the workplace of British Airways. to adopt the situational leadership it is
necessary for the leaders and managers of the British Airways to have a knowledge and skills of
various leadership styles. It is because, Situational leaderships style is consist of different
different leadership that leaders change according to the situation within the workplace. they can
change their leadership according to the situation within the workplace of British Airways and
most effective leadership style can be transformational leadership during the chain management
that can be implemented by the situational leader of British Airways.
Democratic leadership style
Democratic leadership style is another best effective and most useful leadership that can helpful
for the leaders and managers of the British Airways in implementing the change effectively. in
this leadership style leaders give opportunity's to the employees by giving them a higher position
for particular create trust among them (Rosenbaum, More and Steane., 2016). It helps too make
employs more effective and motivated at their workplace. Democratic leadership can be useful

for the change management because employees will big part in decision-making of the company
and they will also be supportive and chain management because they will get higher
responsibility to support the change with the leaders.
Change management model
Lewin's change management model
Step-1 unfreezing
This is the first stage of change management model where, British Airways accept that they are
needed change at their workplace to make there business profitable and more effective within the
business. Here leaders and managers of the company take decisions about implementing the
change and it is necessary for the companies leaders to communicate with the employees so they
can get support from the employees and they can implement the change successfully. They make
Planning and strategies to implement the change successfully and discuss about the negative
impact.
Step-2 Change
This is the stage where change become real and employees of the British Airways struggle with
the new task and many problems take place. It is necessary for the leaders and managers of
British Airways to come up with these strategies like creating a short wins for the employees.
short wins and goals will help employees to motivate them becausr employees will able to I do
success by achieving the short goals and they will be motivated and give their support to the
company (Morin and et.al., 2016). Complete direction manager can also provide training and
development where employees can develop new skills for the new task.
Step-3 Refreezing
This is the stage where change already implemented and it is successful. Here British Airways
leaders and managers have to in short that behaviour of the employees not change again and
become restriction for the company. The re phrasing stage also need to help people and
organisation institutionalise the change. this means that making sure that change are used all the
time and that they are incorporated into everyday business of the British Airways.

M4- Leadership approaches for the change management
Automatic leadership
Early studies of leadership include that of the theoretical development of great man theory
approach leadership from the their perspective And argued that there were characteristics with
the leader which made them successful. automatic leaders are there for leaders who impose or
style which is characterised by the individual control over The decision within the form. It can be
a good dealership style for the Change management process.
Conclusion
As per the report has been compared two different organisations like British Airways and Tesco
who have implemented change management And it has been explained how the change impact
an organisational strategy used by companies. This report will he will lead the ways in which
international drivers of change affect the leadership, individual and team behaviour. This report
has been evaluated and measure the negative impact of change on the organisational behaviour.
It also has been determined how barriers to change influence leadership and decision making of
the company. in the end of this report it has been applied range of leadership approaches that can
be used to implement change successfully within the British Airways.

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