Analyzing the Positive Impacts of Globalization on British Airways

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MANAGING A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS PROJECT
Identifying the positive economic, cultural as well as ethical impacts of globalisation on different
business functions of British Airways

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 3
BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY................................................................................................. 5
ACTIVITY 1- RESEARCH PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN.................................................................6
LO1 and M1................................................................................................................................... 6
Project Title................................................................................................................................6
Project Statement......................................................................................................................6
Project Aim and Objectives........................................................................................................6
Cost Objectives.......................................................................................................................... 7
Project Scope............................................................................................................................. 7
Included Scope...........................................................................................................................7
Excluded Scope.......................................................................................................................... 7
Timeframe and time management............................................................................................8
Quality Control...........................................................................................................................8
Communication Plan..................................................................................................................8
Risk Management...................................................................................................................... 9
Resource Requirements.............................................................................................................9
Gantt chart (Time Schedule)....................................................................................................10
Work Breakdown Structure..................................................................................................... 10
ACTIVITY 2 – PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND LOG BOOK.........................................................11
LO2............................................................................................................................................... 11
P4 Small-Scale Research.......................................................................................................... 11
M2 Accuracy and reliability of different research methods applied........................................14
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ACTIVITY 3 - RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE REVIEW................................................15
LO3 and LO4................................................................................................................................ 15
P5 and M3 Data Analysis and Interpretation with appropriate tools and techniques for
accuracy and authenticity........................................................................................................15
Interpretation and Discussion..................................................................................................20
P6 Recommendations..............................................................................................................21
P7 and M4 Reflection...............................................................................................................22
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................... 24
REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................25
APPENDIX.....................................................................................................................................27
APPENDIX 1: Project Logbook Template..................................................................................27
APPENDIX 2: Performance Review Template...........................................................................31
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INTRODUCTION
Globalization refers to the process through which a close integration among different
economies and societies is developed and transfers the product, raw material, services,
technology and information across the national borders as well as cultures. Intense competition
in the business environment compels the organizations to enter into the international market
and also serve other countries (Gachoka, 2015). The company can exploit a wide range of
opportunities to grow and develop in the business market.
Since globalization has become the main factor in business life, its impact on the business
cannot be undermined. The different factors such as political, economic, cultural and ethical of
globalization impact the organization in both positive and negative manner. There are various
ways in which globalization proved to be beneficial for the organizations (Gurung and Prater,
2017). In order to facilitate international trade, the political impact of the globalization ensured
cooperation among the countries and cultures through an international agreement, for
example, the United Nations, BRICS, and so on. Globalization resulted in cultural exposure as
individuals and companies are aware of different cultures around the world.
Globalization provided opportunities to the nations and organization to effectively express their
ethical concerns at the international level with vast ethical benefits. Globalization allowed the
individuals and the company to ensure awareness regarding their rights and responsibilities
towards humanity and the environment. One of the major impacts of the globalisation is its
economic impacts as it allowed the companies to exchange goods, products and services across
the world and also improved the standard of living of the people in developing, emerging and
underdeveloped countries (Enderle, 2015). It can be said that the globalisation creates a lot of
synergies resulting in business strengths which can be maximised by the organization such as
British Airways.
This small-scale research project is carried out to identify the positive cultural, economic and
positive impact of the different business functions of British Airways. A comprehensive project
management plan is produced including the aims and objectives of the project. Further, a small-
scale research project is performed with the application of quantitative and qualitative research
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methods so as to meet the project aims as well as objectives. The data for the research project
is collected and analysed using appropriate tools such as questionnaire survey and MS-Excel.
The result is derived from the data analyse and a meaningful conclusion is drawn with
recommendations. At last, a general review on the performance is presented reflecting the
undertaking of research to meet the project aims and objectives and own learning as well as
performance.
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BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY
British Airways PLC commenced in the year 1974 as a British Air transport company which was
privatized in the year 1987. The headquarters of the company is at Harmondsworth in London.
It is the largest airline and flag carrier in the UK that offers quality, choice and convenience to
its approximately 123,000 passengers every day. The company has its home base on the
London Heathrow Airport. The company has a fleet of over 280 aircraft that fly from 16 UK
airports in total. British Airways has approximately 45,000 employees including 3,900 pilots and
16,500 cabin crew members. Since the company serves more than 160 destinations including 6
domestic countries.
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ACTIVITY 1- RESEARCH PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
LO1 and M1
Project Title
“Identifying the positive economic, cultural as well as ethical impacts of globalisation on
different business functions of British Airways”
Project Statement
The business activities of the organization such as British Airways are highly affected by factors
such as cultural, economic and ethical of the globalisation. Different countries have become
interdependent on each other for exchanging products services and goods capital as well as
technology movement (Pindzo and Radulovic, 2017). The impact on these business activities
can be positive or negative or both. It depends on the organization to whether utilise the
positive impact and expand in the global market or focus on the negative impacts and refrain
itself from the vast global markets. This assignment is focused on identifying the positive
economic, cultural and ethical impacts of globalisation on different business functions such as
operations, marketing, Human Resource and accounting within British Airways.
Project Aim and Objectives
The project aims is to identify the positive economic, cultural and ethical impacts of
globalisation on different business functions such as operations, marketing, human resources
and accounting within British Airways. The research objectives are:
1. To ascertain the link between the globalisation impacts and business activities of British
Airways
2. To identify the positive economic, cultural and ethical impacts of globalisation on the
different business functions such as operations, marketing, human resources and
accounting within British Airways.
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3. To recommend on effective utilisation of positive economic, cultural and ethical impacts
of globalisation for sustainable growth and development of British Airways.
Cost Objectives
Actual and estimated expenses incurred for the project were compared by using the technique
earned value management. The cost aspects are:
Particulars Estimated expenses (in
£)
Actual expenses
(in £)
Salaries of the Staff £90 £110
Stationery resources and materials £65 £68
IT peripherals, software and
networks
£250 £273
Refreshments to staff £65 £72
Vouchers to participants £100 £110
Other administrative charges £110 £107
Total £680 £740
Project Scope
Included Scope
This research project was carried out in an unbiased and analytical manner. This assignment
considers the business functions of British Airways that can be impacted by the positive
economic, cultural and social impacts of globalisations (Lambregts et al., 2015). Qualitative
along with quantitative research methods are used to collect data from secondary and primary
sources and meet the desired aims and objectives of the research project. A focused group
questionnaire survey was conducted among the employees of British Airways through a digital
medium.
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Excluded Scope
This research project excludes the specification to any geographical location and does not cover
all the business functions excluding operations, marketing, and human resources and
accounting functions of British Airways. It does not cover the political, environmental and
technological impacts of the globalisations. Also, the negative impacts of the abovementioned
impacts of globalisations are not considered on the stated business functions of British Airways.
Since the research is based on the impacts of the globalisation which is volatile in nature, it
limits the reliability and accuracy of the research project (Beck et al., 2016). Also, the responses
of the participants are less reliability due to changing human behaviour and perceptions.
Timeframe and time management
Project logbook, Gantt chart and work breakdown structure are framed to ensure the timely
completion of the research (Hu and Haddud, 2017). This helps in managing and controlling the
progress of the research project. About 10 weeks of the timeframe is decided to complete the
project. It was started from 14th Dec 2018 and will end on 28th Feb 2019.
Quality Control
Ethical considerations are taken into account to conduct the research in a lawful and unbiased
manner. The guidance and assistance from the project supervisor are sought at different points
of the project to ensure the correct direction and progress of the research along with quality
assurance on each activity of the research (Brahmasrene and Lee, 2017). Qualitative and
quantitative research methods were used to ensure the quality and also primary and secondary
research was carried out to gather reliable data from secondary sources and focused group
questionnaire survey for the research.
Communication Plan
During the research process, the project supervisor was engaged for guidance and assistance
through regular interaction with the aim to meet the reliable research outcome and conclusion.
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Also, communication with research experts and IT professionals were maintained to effectively
carry out the primary research (Dwyer, 2015). The respondents that are the employees of
British Airways are interacted through email and explained the details of the research along
with resolving their queries to improve the research outcome and collect the reliable and
impartial responses.
Risk Management
One of the major risks faced during the research process was the unwillingness of the
respondents to be its part. Vouchers were offered to the respondents to engage their interest
in the survey. Economic and cost-effective tools and techniques such as questionnaire survey
and Ms-Excel were to be used to ensure the estimated budget does not exceed. Gantt chart and
work breakdown structure were used to stay within the guidelines set and does not fall short of
time in the research process (Javid and Katircioglu, 2017). Care is to be taken to not include or
use any unrelated or unfamiliar techniques or research methodology as it may have high risks
and might negatively impact the timeframe and budget and also delay the research project.
Resource Requirements
The resources required to successfully accomplish the activities of the research are human,
physical and financial resources. Human resources such as support staff, research experts and
IT professionals were required to seek guidance and support to carry out the primary research
also project supervisor is involved at different activities of the project to ensure the project
quality (Salifou and Haq, 2017). Physical resources such as IT peripheral, stationery products
and other technical resources were used to collect and analyse the primary data for reliable
outcome. Financial resources are estimated and compared with the actual expenses incurred
for the research project.
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Gantt chart (Time Schedule)
Creating project aim and objectives
Making a comprehensive plan for project management
Conduct a small-scale research
Collection and analysis of data
Research findings and discussion
Drawing conclusions and recommendations
Performance review on research and finalising project
report
14-Dec28-Dec 11-Jan 25-Jan 8-Feb 22-Feb 8-Mar
Start date duration
Work Breakdown Structure
Tasks Start date End date Duration
Creating project aim and objectives 12/14/2018 12/21/2018 7
Making a comprehensive plan for project
management
12/22/2018 1/5/2019 14
Conduct a small-scale research 1/6/2019 1/20/2019 14
Collection and analysis of data 1/21/2019 2/4/2019 14
Research findings and discussion 2/5/2019 2/12/2019 7
Drawing conclusions and recommendations 2/13/2019 2/20/2019 7
Performance review on research and finalizing
project report
2/21/2019 2/28/2019 7
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ACTIVITY 2 – PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND LOG BOOK
LO2
P4 Small-Scale Research
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Qualitative and quantitative research methods are utilised in order to accomplish the aim and
objectives of the research. The insights and views of the respondents who participated in the
research are recorded using qualitative research and these views and insights are quantified
and recorded in numerical form through quantitative research method (Kumar, 2019). The
employees of British Airways were involved in the research in the focused group to identify the
positive economic, cultural and ethical impacts of the globalisation on the different activities
such as operations, marketing, human resources and accounting within British Airways. Primary
and secondary data collection methods are used for the research to collect and analyse the
data to meet the aim and objectives and generate a reliable outcome.
SECONDARY RESEARCH
The secondary data and information are collected using secondary resources such as journals,
articles, blogs, books and online publication (Johnston, 2017). These secondary resources were
selected on the basis of their relevance with research topic so as to get a better understanding.
LITERATURE REVIEW
In recent few decades, globalisation became the leading factors in the business as it affects the
business due to the changes in the political, economic, cultural, ethical factors. These changes
are often related to increasing competition, information transfer and rapid changes in
technology. Some of the major effects of globalisation are its various aspects which must be
essentially considered by the company. The tourism industry is one of the largest industries in
the world that is rapidly going global (Pindzo and Radulovic, 2017). The role of tourism is
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