Human Resource Planning and Employment Relations at British Airways

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HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FOR
SERVICE INDUSTRIES
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................4
1.1. Analyse the role and purpose of human resource management in a selected service
industry........................................................................................................................................4
1.2. Justify human resources plan based on an analysis of supply and demand for a selected
service industry business.............................................................................................................5
LO2..................................................................................................................................................7
2.1. assesses the current state of employment relations in the airline industry...........................7
2.2. discusses how employment law affects the management of human resources within British
Airways........................................................................................................................................8
LO 3...............................................................................................................................................10
3.1. Discuss a job description and person specification for a selected service industry job......10
3.2. Compare the selection process of different service industries businesses..........................13
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................15
4.1. Assess the contribution of training and development activities to the effective operation of
a selected service industry business...........................................................................................15
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................17
References......................................................................................................................................18
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Introduction
In this assessment, human resource management is regarding handling the human resource of the
British Airways city flyer is the way that rather maximum or optimum use of the HRM. Brit9ish
Airways is the largest international airline that routes over 550 destinations worldwide. It also
provides excellent service and a commitment level of work. This study is about a famous service
organization that is related to airways. Additionally, it describes essential aspects of human
resource management like recruitment, human resource planning, selection procedure, training
and development etc. in the British airways. There is a comparison also between the selection
processes of the Airways and different service industries for the information and knowledge
about the selection procedure in various industries. It will define how it can make the staff
properly trained, their compensation, measures etc. There is also discussion about the training
needs and what is the procedure of choosing the candidate in the British Airways city flyer.
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LO1
This work is depicting the role of employees in the organization by the analysis of demand and
supply and British Airways is provides some benefits in the comparison of other organization to
the employees. So, the demand and supply and the purpose of human resource planning are
briefly described in this report.
1.1. Analyse the role and purpose of human resource management in a selected
service industry
Human Resource Management (HRM) is a field in almost every organization which functions to
the hiring of the employees by testing them on some levels like group discussion, written test,
interviews etc. that can develop employees through incentives, benefits etc. This is managed by
Human Resource (HR) manager and is naturally plays a centric role in any business strategy.
Recently, British Airways had contracted the agreement for the flights from Heathrow to
Madeira. So, a Human Resource Officer (HRO) has been appointed in order to manage the flight
related queries. The purpose of an HRM is to coordinate with people in order to achieve
organizational goals within an organization. The human resource department communicates with
the employees and make them comfort with the organization’s culture (Swain, 2019).
Some of the HRM functions listed below:
 Go through the laws of an employee.
 Listening and answering the employees to satisfy them in the perspective of an
organization.
 Resolve employee problems in order to achieve the organizational goals
HRM binds people with the organizations by various policies and the processes that lead to the
development of both i.e. an organization and an employee (Krishnani, 2015).
In British Airways, the flight duration from Heathrow to Madeira is of four hours and there are
four flights are available in the peak summer season and three flights in the rest of year. So, these
timings are illustrated by the Human Resource manager to employees in order to develop
coordination between the organization and an employee. In order to approach the management of
HR in British Airways there are two main functions:
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 Soft HRM
 Hard HRM
Soft HRM treats an employee in an organization as an important part in business whereas Hard
HRM treats the employee as a simple resource for an organization as the soft HRM here
concentrates upon the needs and reward of an employee and on the other hand, hard HRM
mainly identify the organizational requirements. In terms of pay structure, soft HRM
concentrates on providing the rewards/profit shares to the employees of an organization whereas
hard HRM focuses mainly on providing enough pay to the employees that can give a little
empowerment to the employees. Hence, both approaches and functions are good at their place
with their different functionalities. Overall, the role of the Human Resource manager is to create
and implement the policies for an organization that is mandatory for every employee to follow
appropriately (Ghodke, 2017), (Das, 2017).
1.2. Justify human resources plan based on an analysis of supply and demand for a
selected service industry business
Human resource planning used to forecast the future human resource requirements by the
organization in order to fulfil the organizational requirements in the perspective of human
resource capacity. This is the way the human resource capacity of organization can be analysed
under the economic concept of demand and supply. This management helps the organization to
meet future requirements.
Internal labour cost: It is an effective approach for human resource plan in which experts are
appointed earlier and also for employees, special training programs are organized in order to
improve the hospitality knowledge which is done through the experts. So, it is important to
analyse which employee is beneficial for organization in gaining profits and which are not so,
effective action plans are taken in organization.
External labour cost: In British Airways, external labour cost is also one of the major factors
because, in organization, the rate of retirement of employees is greater than the rate of
recruitment process. So that there are various resource plans such as written, interviews take
place.
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Both the above factors show the demands of British Airways and in order to fulfil the demands,
human resource management is required. So, supplies of skilled labour in organization is
required is required. Many factors aim for the supply of labour in British Airways listed below:
The main factor is competition between the organizations in the perspective of the salaries of
employees offered by organization. Mainly, British Airways provide more salary to the
employee that they are talking of. Employee is free to switch in any organization that’s why
British Airways provide more compensation to the employee than any other organizations. The
other factor is unemployment when there is an excess need for employees in the organization.
Transport facility in British Airways is provided to the customers by bus from the airport gate to
an airplane because flights are running 24 hours so the customer must need good facilities every
time.
So, overall the supply and demands are needed to be analysed for the benefits of employees as
well as the organizations by the use of some human resource plans (Bruce, 2015).
Conclusion
As per above discussion, the supply and demand in organization for the employees are increasing
so the human resource planning is compulsory as in order to meet the organizational and
employee requirements proper planning is required. So, British Airways propose the best plan
than other organizations by adding more compensation to the employee salary. Hence, it can be
seen that human resource planning is an essential part of the demand and supply of the
employees in British Airways.
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LO2
This report includes the current state of employment relations within the airline industry. The
airline industry which is selected for the completion of this work is British Airways. The
advantage and disadvantage of employment laws within the airline firm are explained for
providing comprehensive information about human resource management.
2.1. assesses the current state of employment relations in the airline industry.
The employment relation is defined as the indulgent and co-operation within the organizational
members within the organization. Proper employee relation helps the manager to work in
collaboration in the firm for eluding conflicts and breaches in the working scenario. The present
state of employment relations in the airline industry are mentioned below:
Unionization and Structure of Trade Unions
The World Federation of Trade Unions- The World Federation of Trade Unions was
recognized in the year 1945. The main of this employee relation is to bring composed with the
trade unions of the world (Kaufman. 2018). The trade union international of labors in the airline
industry is the international trade which is linked with the World Federation of Trade Unions.
The trade union is the union group of a worker who linked with each other for attaining a
common goal in an effective way. It can be seen that the trade unions of British Airways work to
unite the staff of an organisation for protecting their interest while working and tries to solve
their grievances.
Culture- It is to be seen that the culture and corporate standards at British Airways requires the
entire membership to wear their formal uniforms. The culture and working scenario of British
Airways are different from other airline company.
Collective bargains and Negotiation- The collective bargains is simply defined as the
procedure in which the trade union members and management transfer upon the organizational
scope statement (Lee, et. al., 2018). In British Airways, the staffs and labors are able to transfer
and make a charitable agreement on different topics like as salaries, benefits, raises, and others.
Reconciliation and Consultation: The Settlement and Discussion process for employee
conflicts in the organization is made with the help of firms such as counseling and others.
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Employee Participation and Empowerment- The workers in the organization consists of the
pilots, air hostess, staffs who are allowed to contribute in the organizational planning process for
fulfilling the stated goals and objective of the firm. It can be seen that the involvement of
employees in the organizational meeting will be helpful in reducing the conflicts and issues
within the organization (Huang, et al., 2018). Also, the employees will come to know their
importance in growth and development. The empowerment quality is provided to the employees
by assigning them to work as per the responsibilities and qualifications. The management of
British Airways can also provide compensation, incentives or paid leave for encouraging the
employees in their work.
Grievance and Disciplinary procedures- The grievance and Disciplinary procedures in the
airline industry are made via formal or informal meetings with directors. The code of conduct for
the staffs and supervisor are referred to safeguard that the punitive events are applied or the
fitting to the service firm. The organizational head needs to convey the organizational policy
properly either by meetings or providing notice to each department.
2.2. discusses how employment law affects the management of human resources
within British Airways.
The employment law is defined as the collection of laws and rules for maintaining proper
relationships within the organization (Rice, 2019). In the context of British Airways, the
management properly used to implement the laws and regulation for avoiding the sudden
government changes.
Employment rights- The employment rights are linked with the making of management to keep
the contract for providing a safe and healthy environment to the employees. The health and
safety act at work is linked with the encouragement and enforcement of workplace safety and
health.
Employment legislation- The legislation related to the betterment of employee are The equal
pay act, employment right act, employment relation act and many more. In the equal pay act, the
organization is supposed to not discriminate among men and women while providing wage or
other facilities. Also, the discrimination of sex, age or discrimination is illegal and do not support
by the organization (Devine, et. al., 2019). All the workers must be treated equally and equal
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promotion needs to be provided as per their achievement. Maternity and Paternity leave shall be
allowed for supporting their current health.
The redundancy of employment occurs due to loss within the organization. Due to this, the staff
costs are reduced and employees retrenched from their current job position. The organisation can
fairly handle this situation by taking payment of fines, recompense due to economizing and
others.
The employment contract between the company and employee needs to be strictly followed by
the organisation for protecting and supporting the employees in a better way. The Employment
Act 2002 provides new rule and policy related to the maternity, adoption or paternity leaves
which are made mandatory by the organisation (Villajos, et. al., 2019). The changes are only
done for reforming the current labour law in the UK.
Hence, it is to be seen that the advantage of employment law is higher than its disadvantage. The
employment law and rules are required to be followed properly while developing the
organizational policy. This will be helpful in attaining the aim and current market trends in an
effective and efficient way.
Conclusion
As per the discussion made in the above section, it is clear that the employment rules, legislation
and its present state in the airline industry will be obliging in preparation of human resource
management. Hence, it can be considered that human resource management is an essential part
of the success and development of the airline industry like British Airways.
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LO 3
In this assessment, here is the description of the applicant that is recruited for the cabin crew
post. For this, there is job specification for explaining and describing the job needs. There is job
specification for the post of cabin crew of the British airways city flyer.
3.1. Discuss a job description and person specification for a selected service industry
job
Job analysis is known as a systematic and planned method of any job that includes the job
specification that is mentioned. It is a combination of different processes that are beneficial for
the activities identification that is related to the job and its attributes that are needed for
performing the job efficiently and effectively. It is also helpful for the suitable candidate in the
“British Airways City Flyer” for the available job vacancies. The main purpose of this job
analysis is to offer the job specification and job description for the employment in the
organization. Here is the diagram that describes the two main components of the job analysis that
are- job description and job specification (Momin, 2018).
Figure 1: job analysis
Source: (mbaskool, 2018)
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Job description- It consists of a written statement about a specific job in “British airways city
flyer” that is depended on the result and findings of the job analysis procedure. It includes duties,
responsibilities, purpose and scope and working conditions about a specific job. It is helpful for
both interviewee and the interviewer for developing the understanding of the specific job. It
commonly consists-
- Title of the job
- Location of job
- Responsibilities of job
- Location and working hours
- Work conditions
- The compensation
The job description of the position of the cabin crew in the “British Airways city flyer”-
Job title: Cabin Crew
Salary: £12000 – £15,000
Job purpose:
Cabin crew’s job is for accommodation, taking care of passengers, for attending a pre-flight
briefing and all types of issues and many others.
Responsibilities and duties:
- Applicants need to be able to accomplish the given activity on time.
- They need to be strong for work tasks.
- They have to do a contribution to the passenger’s problems easily and should know how to
manage the instant situation.
- They have to be a good listener and team worker.
- They must have proper knowledge about the cleanliness and safety tools of the airline
aircraft.
Job specification- It is also a written document that is mainly attached to the information about
the educational qualification, specific qualities, the experience level and other responsibilities
about the job position. It is also helpful in describing the aspects that should be given to the
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candidates in case if they are selected for the job. It is also known as characterizes of any
employee of his qualification that consists of –
- Required experience
- Candidate’s excellence
- Training
- Family surroundings
- Interpersonal features
Job specification of the position of the cabin crew at the organization-
Skills
- Candidates should perform in any type of area.
- They should have the capacity to handle the conditions calmly and fast.
- They should have skills of involving foreign currency and managing cash.
- They should have flexibility in the performing tasks like unsocial duration on any day.
- They should have skills in sales and commercial consciousness.
- There should be discretion at the time of dealing with VIPs or loyalty.
- They must be diplomatic but confident.
Qualification
Post-graduation or any degree is not required for the job of cabin crew. Even a candidate with
secondary education can also apply for this post with good marks in mathematics and English.
He should also have knowledge about some subjects like tourism and leisure management,
travel, hospitality management, and different languages.
Advantages of job analysis
- It defines the specification and description that highlights the skills, job needs etc.
- It is helpful for the HR manager for a systematic approach for selection and recruitment.
- It would be easy for employees through this to understand their objectives and goals.
- It also helps in managing the company structure by data related to job position, reporting
manager, location and title etc.
- It can be used by the HR manager for evaluating employee performance and promotions.
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