University Report: Lead and Manage Organizational Change Strategies

This comprehensive report delves into the critical aspects of leading and managing organizational change. It begins by outlining the key phases of a change management process and explores various reasons why organizations initiate change. The report then analyzes models such as force-field analysis and the Burke & Litwin organizational change model, providing a framework for understanding the change process. A significant portion of the report is dedicated to Kotter's 8-step change model, detailing each step and its purpose. Furthermore, it examines effective communication strategies, the impact of the external environment, and the importance of participative management in implementing organizational change. The report also discusses organizational behaviors that impact change, components of a change management plan, reasons for resistance to change, and barriers to organizational change, along with strategies to address these barriers. The second part of the report includes a case study of Samson Media, where a change management plan is developed. This involves researching best practices, creating a briefing report, drafting an email to the CEO, participating in a meeting, and finally, writing a comprehensive change management plan. The report also includes the staff survey comments, recruitment policy, and termination policy.

Running head: LEAD AND MANAGE ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
Lead and manage organizational change
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

1LEAD AND MANAGE ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
Assessment Task 1
1. Explain the key phases of a change management process.
Answer: The following are the four phases of changes management process according to
Altamony, Al-Salti, Gharaibeh and Elyas (2016):
 The phase of strategy and planning for the change management process: It is the
phase when the organisation decides to bring in changes in the organisation and plans
according to the change that has to be brought. Testing and Configuration: It deals with the changes in the technology to be brought
in the organisation. Product training: Training the employees and customer service about the products. Communication plan and rollout: Execution of communication plan and rollout for
new services that will improve the business.
2. Explain three reasons why an organisation might initiate change.
Answer: In the word of Uhl and Gollenia (2016), the following are the reasons organisation
might initiate change:
 To develop organisational culture
 To initiate innovative technology
 Improve the service and product management of the organisation.
3. Explain force-field analysis as a model for understanding the change process
Answer: According to Mak and Chang (2019), force-field analysis model is being used by an
organisation to look into the factors that will help in understanding the situation and find out
drives that will help an organisation to move towards the goal. It is the principle that has been

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developed by Kurt Lewin to bring in changes in various spheres of working such as
organisational management, communication or psychology.
4. Explain the key premises of the Burke & Litwin organisational change model and its
application to the change process.
Answer: The following are the key premises of the Burke & Litwin organisational change
model:
 External environment: The external environment has a great impact on the
production of an organisation.
 Mission and Strategy: The mission and strategy help in analysis of the working
process of the organisation.
 Leadership: It is a link between the management and employees.
 Organisational culture: It helps in developing a better workplace environment.
 Structure: It is an important factor in the decision-making and working process of an
organisation.
 Systems: The policymaking and procedure is being influenced by the system.
 Management practices: It will help in developing a healthy workplace improving the
efficiency of the organisation.
 Working climate: It ensures that the employees are satisfied with the working
environment.
 Task and skill: With skills, there will be a delivery of a significant task that will be
delivered.
 Motivational level: With high motivation, there will be great efficiency in the task.
 Individual general performance: Depending on the productivity of the employee,
there will be development of the performance.

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5. Discuss the purpose of Kotter’s 8-step change model and the steps involved. Explain each
of the steps involved.
Answer: According to Haas et al. (2020), the purpose of Kotter’s 8-step change model is to
bring in changes in an organisation to increase chance of success. The following are the steps
of Kotter’s 8-step change model:
 Step 1: Increase urgency
 Step 2: Build guiding team
 Step 3: Develop the vision
 Step 4:Communication for buy-in
 Step 5: Empower action
 Step 6: Create short term wins
 Step 7: Do not let up
 Step 8: Make change stick
The steps 1 will help in increasing urgency of the necessary changes in the organisation the
step 2 will help to build a team that will help in meeting the urgency in the step 3 there will
be a vision that will help in meeting the objectives of the organisation (Tan, Gn and Goh
2019). The other steps will ensure that the issues that has been identified are being met with
the help of communication, empowerment or short-term wins and making changes.
6. Explain two strategies that can be used to effectively communicate and embed change
during an organisational change process.
Answer: According to Bacon et al. (2016), the following are the two strategies that will help
in communication during the time of strategic management:
 Ensure to provide the employees with exact information of the organisation.

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 Flexibility with the employees that will help in resolving issues that are being faced
by the employees during work.
7. Explain how external environment can impact on change strategies.
Answer: According to Rothaermel (2016), external environment can affect change strategies
as changes in the political, social or legal factors have a great influence on the organisational
culture of the organisation. The external factors hence have an impact on the changes that
will be brought in the organisation.
8. Explain the importance of a participative management style when implementing
organisation change.
Answer: In the words of Fassin, Deprez, Van den Abeele and Heene (2017), the participative
management style will help in development of innovation and increase of efficiency of the
employees that will help in the development of the product quality.
9. Explain two aspects of organisational behaviours that can impact on organisational change.
Answer: According to Zaghini, Biagioli, Fida and Sili (2017), the two aspects of
organisational behaviour are empowering employees and management of workplace
diversity.
10. Describe five components that may be included as part of a change management plan.
Answer: In the paper of Rezaei et al. (2015), the five components that are part of the change
management plan are communication, resistance management, data collection, recognition
success, coaching and management.
11. Explain three reasons why individuals or groups within an organisation may resist
change. Include at least one suggestion of how resistance can be overcome for each of the
areas you identify.

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Answer: Amarantou, Kazakopoulou, Chatzoudes and Chatzoglou (2018) identified that
individuals or group resist changes as they have the fear of losing the security that they had
initially, peer pressure and organisational politics. Communication between the management
and employees will brining in changes in the issues identified.
12. Discuss at least three barriers to organisational change.
Answer: According to Jørgensen and Becker (2017), the following are the three barriers to
organisational change:
 Lack of communication
 Cultural barriers
 Lack of strategic direction
13. Discuss at least two strategies to address barriers to organizational change.
Answer: According to Rothaermel (2016), ccommunication is an important factor that will
help in brining changes in the organisation change. Planning and strategizing issues that are
being faced by the organisation will help in addressing the barriers that to organisational
changes.

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Assessment Task 2
1. Research best practice change management strategies
According to Bratton and Gold (2017), the main job of the HRM is to look into the
working of the employees and ensure that there will be improvement and effectiveness of the
employees. It has been observed that there has been a downfall of Samson Media in the
number of customers due to increase in the number of competition in the market. Hence,
there must be changes in the practice of the HRM that will help in the development of the
hiring of the employees in the organisation. It has been observed from the case of Samson
Media that the HRM policies are not efficient enough that will help in the improvement of the
working. Hence the organisation must develop policies and procedure that will help in the
improvement of the working of the employees (DeCenzo, Robbins and Verhulst 2016). With
the PESTEL analysis identification of the external factors that will help in the developing of
the plans that will help in meeting the objectives of the organisation.
2. Develop change management briefing report
Introduction
The changes management is being developed by the Samson Media in order to ensure
that the HRM helps in the increase of the efficiency of the productivity of the employees
(Brewster and Hegewisch 2017). The HRM has been focusing on the employees who are
being hired that will help in the improvement of the sales as well as has been focusing on the
PESTEL analysis of the organisation to understand the competitive market.
External environmental analysis
The PESTEL analysis help to understand the Political, Economic, Social,
Technological, Environment and legal factors that have an influence on the organisational
culture. The changes in the political factor will bring in changes in the safety measures. There

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are standards that has to be followed. Depending on the aspects, that the society wants there
must be changes in the magazine. Technology keeps on changing and this brings on changes
in the organisational culture. The organisation must en sure that there must not be any impact
on the environment due to change in the management (Chelladurai and Kerwin 2018). There
are legal factors ensure that the organisation must follow the rules and regulations that are
being imposed by the country in the organisation.
Source
Risks and barriers to change
The HRM must identify the barrier that has been limiting the organisation to be one of
the leading organisation. The lack of investors in the organisation and skills that are lacking
in the employees to meet the production of the organisation are the major barriers.
Major change required
Changes in the recruitment of the employees along with training are the major
changes required.
Cost benefit analysis
The organisation must keep a check on the finance of the organisation as well as in
the rent (Marchington, Kynighou, Wilkinson and Donnelly 2016). It will help in
understanding the areas that will improve the financial analysis of the organisation.
Management of the financial aspect will help in the improvement of the cost analysis.
Recommendation
The organisation must develop a stable strategic plan and invest in marketing that will
help in development of the condition in the market.
3. Send an email to the CEO and Senior Management

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Respected Sir,
As it has been witnessed in the past few months, there has been a great decrease in the
number of customers of the magazine due to increase in the competition in the market. Out
competitors have been coming up with creative ideas and thoughts that has been attracting a
large number of women to prefer their magazine rather than ours.
Hence, with this email we would like to inform you that there has been sudden fall in
the business in the past few months. The organisational culture has been identified as one of
the significant reason. Hence, there has been a plan developed to bring in changes in the
management. It has been identified that the changes in the organisation will help in
improving the efficiency of the employees brining in changes in the financial condition of the
organisation.
It is a request to provide us with your valuable time in order to discuss the plan that
has been developed.
Thank you
4. Participate in a meeting with the CEO
The CEO has approved for the meeting wherein we will be explaining about the
change management plan. In the meeting, the CEO is to informed about the changes that has
to be brought in the organisation that will help in the improvement of the recruiting and
training of the employees. In the meeting, the CEO is explained about the cost that has been
analysed and brining changes is necessary that will help in improving the financial condition
of the organisation. We have also mentioned about the recruitment process and training
process that will help in the recruiting of efficient employees, who will encourage efficiency
of the employees and will be productive to the organisation. The strategies and plans have
been discussed that will help in the development of the business. The CEO has been handed

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over with the educational and communication plan that will be developed by the employees
in bringing changes in the organisation.
5. Write a draft Change Management Plan
According to Armstrong and Taylor (2020), there are change management plan has few
process that will help in bringing right change in the organisation. In order, to bring in
changes in the organisation identification of the reasons of change or issues is an important
factor that will help developing a better change. Hence, prepare a change, as it has been
observed that there is a downfall in the sale of the magazines due to excessive competition in
the market (Pugh 2016). The organisation has found out policies that will help in effective
working. Implementation of the plan is another step that will help in execution of the right
plan. Hence, implementation of different training style and ways of recruiting will help in
effective working bringing in changes in the sales of the organisation (Sparrow, Brewster and
Chung 2016). The HRM has decided that with meeting and continues check on the progress
of work will help in reinforce the plan.
6. Write a draft Communication and Education Plan
Audience Key message Delivery
method
Frequency and
duration of
session
Location
Employees Develop the
efficiency of
work
Training and
communication
1-2 weeks Workplace
Employers Make the
employees
understand the
Meeting 1-2 sessions in a
month
Conference hall

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task and
allocate
HRM Train and
recruit right
employees
Training and
hiring
2-4 training
sessions
Training rooms
Table 1: Communication and Education plan
(Source: Created by the researcher)
7. Send an email to the CEO and Senior Management
Respected Sir,
This is to address you about the plans that has been discussed with you in the meeting.
There has been strategies made that will help in the development of the financial condition of
the organisation. It has been decided that the employees will be trained according to the
efficiency and skills that the employees must possess and there will be changes in the hiring
process. In case, there is any sort of changes you would like to have in the plan you can
brining in changes and provide us with the inputs.
Kindly, provide use with your inputs and approval in order to implement the changes
in the organisation.
Thank you,
8. Update your change management plan
The CEO has approved the change management plan and said that the initiative of the
changes will help in bring in changes in the organisation. The change management plan will
help in brining changes with the implementation of new plans and policies in the

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organisation. The CEO decided that the change management plan must be more specific that
will help in understanding the issues (Teixeira, Gregory and Austin 2017). Hence, there was a
team developed that will help to sort out things for the organisation.
9. Update your communication and education plan
With the approval of the plan, the CEO has come up with few activities that will help
in the updating of the change management plan. According to the CEO, the communication
and educational plan was good but it is important that the interaction with the employees
must help in development of communication rather than a training process. He came up with
plans like initiating parties or activities wherein it will be easier to communicate with the
employees and there will be no stress in the employees. It will help in easy communication
from both the sides (Nielsen et al. 2019). Moreover, discussion of the issues will help in
different environment will help in receiving of the reviews from the employees and it will
become easier to talk with the employees.
10. Send an email to the CEO
Respected Sir,
According to your response, there has been changes in the change management as well as in
the communication and educational plan. There has been minute changes in the change
management plan as well as in the communication and educational plan. As you have
mentioned we will be working according to the specifications that has been mentioned by you
in your email earlier.
Hence, sending you the plan that has been finally set that will be executed. Kindly approve
the final plan so it can be implemented as early as possible.
Thank you,