Comprehensive Project Report: Design and Analysis of a Building

This project report details the design and structural analysis of a nine-storied commercial building, emphasizing earthquake resistance and efficient load management. The project involved predicting the structure's performance under stipulated loads and external effects, achieving knowledge in structural analysis, design, and detailing. SAP2000 software was used for 3D modeling, load calculations, and analysis, including estimating loads and calculating base shear. The project aimed to create a modern, earthquake-resistant building, utilizing one-way and two-way slabs, and incorporating principles of structural analysis, design, and detailing. The author's responsibilities included proposing a compact design, calculating base shear, and conducting structural analysis using SAP2000. The report also highlights challenges encountered during load calculation and 3D modeling, along with their respective solutions, emphasizing collaborative teamwork and adherence to design specifications.

CE 2.1 Project Information
Name of the project: Design and Analysis of Building
Location of the project: Please fill
Project Duration: Please fill
Organization: Please fill
Role and Designation during the time: Team Member of the Project
CE 2.2 Project Background
CE 2.2.1 Characteristics of the project
In this project, I have designed as well as analyzed a commercial building by
involving various experiments. I have predicted the performance of the structure under
respective stipulated loads and other external effects. I have achieved the proper knowledge
on the structural analysis, design as well as detailing the structural components with the help
of proper principles. Regarding project modelling, I have used SAP2000 software for 3D
modelling, load calculations, analysis results as well as the sample calculations of the several
structural elements. For this purpose, I even had to estimate the loads and calculate base shear
or the vertical distribution of loads. The plinth area of my project was 467.452m2 and it was a
9 storied building. Therefore, I have provided a compact design to this project of Design and
Analysis of Building and then compared the results with my desired results.
CE 2.2.2 Objectives developed for the project
I wanted to make my project of designing of building, absolutely modernized and
effective in respect to other buildings. I tried to make it earthquake resistant so that my client

does not face any issue regarding the project. The type of slab that I had selected here was
one way slab and two way slab. Hence, to complete the project with utmost efficiency as well
as priority, some of the important objectives were developed by me.
 To achieve the practical knowledge on the structural analysis, designing and the
detailing of the structural elements with relevant principles.
 To model the building of my project for structural analysis.
 To design as well as analysis the section of the building for structural detailing.
 To determine the respective structural system of the building for the purpose of
undertaking the vertical and the horizontal loads.
 To estimate the loads even for earthquake resistance.
 To use SAP 2000 V14 for structural analysis for various effects of loads.
 To design the walls, RC frame member, staircase and mat foundation with the help of
limiting state method.
CE 2.2.3 My area of work
Being a civil engineer by profession, I was appointed as the core civil engineer and a
responsible team member in this project by my project supervisor. This is mainly because I
had worked in several significant civil projects in my career and had the ability of executing a
project collaboratively. I had to use my civil engineering knowledge like construction
engineering and structural analysis for this project. Moreover, I even have idea regarding
architecture planning and hence I had to propose the design of this 9-storied building and I
was selected as the project member.

Head of the
Department
Project Supervisor
Team Member (Me)Team Member Team Member
CE 2.2.4 Project Group
Figure 1: People involved in the project
CE 2.2.5 My responsibilities throughout the project
During the completion of this project, I had a couple of responsibilities. My most
significant responsibility was to propose a compact design for the structural analysis of the 9-
storied building. I was also assigned for the calculation of base shear as well as vertical
distribution of equivalent load. Since, I wanted to make this building earthquake resistant, it
was my responsibility to make it successful. For this purpose, I determined the structural
system of my building for undertaking the respective vertical or horizontal loads. I even did
the structural analysis of this building with the help of SAP 2000 V14 software as I was the
only one, who had the knowledge of using this software. The other responsibilities that I had
in this particular project, was to model the building for proper structural analysis and
sectional designing. I suggested to use the concrete grade of M25 and reinforcement of
Fe415. I even calculated the dead load and live load as per the IS 857.

CE 2.3 Distinctive Activity
CE 2.3.1 Comprehending the Theory of Project
The type of this project was designing and structural analysis of the buildings. The
structural type of my project was resisting RCC frame and the plinth area was 467.452m2.
The basement was 3.556m and the column height of the dome roof was 3.81. I selected the
two way as well as one way slab in this project. Regarding the beam type, the primary was
725x800mm and secondary beam was 400x500m. I even undertook the curve beam of
550x650mm. I selected soft soil and raft foundation with the bearing capacity of 100KN/m2.
I estimated the design of several structural components like slab and beam and
checked them with moment criteria and deflection criteria. I even made the load calculations
according to the architectural drawings and preliminary designs. I even used the exact value
of the unit weight of materials.

Figure 2: Loading Patterns in Beams
I selected the load combination in designing the building.
Here, DL = dead load,
LL = live load,
EQX = Earthquake load in the X direction
EQY = Earthquake load in the Y direction.
For the design data, I kept the construction materials like

CE 2.3.2 Engineering knowledge and skills applied in the project
To execute this project, I have applied my knowledge of fluid mechanics and concrete
technology for structural analysis of the building. Regarding the designing of the building, I
have utilized my knowledge of foundation engineering and advanced construction. Moreover,
my interest in design of structures has also helped me in making the design easily. For the
design of beam, I had used various theories and principles. To compete the design of
horizontal load in the project, I have used my knowledge of base shear calculation. Finally, I
have used my knowledge of SAP 2000 software to execute the structural analysis of the
building.
CE 2.3.3 Accomplishment and Task Performed
I have completed my tasks by the proposing the preliminary design of beam. I did this
as per the deflection criteria. I have taken the longest beam span of 6.7m in the X direction
and 6.63m in the Y direction.
For the preliminary column design, I have done the following calculations

Hence, the intensity of loads were calculated from the slabs. I paid extra attention to
the load calculation of this building and got the following results.
Table 1: Results Obtained from Calculation of Loads
After using SAP 2000 software, I got the 3D model of the building for better analysis.

Figure 3: 3D Model of Building in SAP
CE 2.3.4 Identified issues and their solutions
2.3.4.1 Issues
The most important concern that I have confronted in this project was during the
calculation of the load. I have selected the beam of less than 300KN and thus the plaster
selected was of 36KN for the roof or dome of the building. Due to this lesser value, I was
getting wrong output and the summation of dead load and live load was coming erroneous.
The next significant problem that I have confronted here was during getting the 3D model of
the building using the software of SAP 2000 V14. In the beginning, one of my team member
started to analysis the 3D model of the building without the slabs. This was not giving correct
results in the project and hence we were facing delays in the project.
2.3.4.2 Solutions

For the first problem of calculation of load, I gave the suggestion of utilizing the slab
of 402KN. This reduced out problem to a great level as the beam was increased to
418.826KN and the plaster was of 45.590KN. Thus, we got the total dead load of 866.526KN
and was successful in calculating the summation of DL + 0.5(LL) and got the result of
866.526KN for roof or dome of the building. For the issue of 3D modelling, I suggested to
analyze it with slabs. Finally, our issue was resolved and hence we were capable of
completing this project in the assigned deadline.
CE 2.3.5 Plan to produce creative and innovative work
To execute this project of Design and Analysis of Building, I had made a distinct plan
for producing creative and innovative designs and works. Being a responsible civil engineer,
it was my duty to complete the design of building with proper efficiency. I have taken
continuous follow ups to ensure that I would get perfect results.
CE 2.3.6 Collaborative Work
I suggested my team to work collaboratively so that it becomes easy for us to
complete the work easily and promptly. I had the responsibility to take progress report of the
project. I divided the tasks equally amongst the team members and took regular follow ups of
the work.
CE 2.4 Project Review
CE 2.4.1 Project Overview
The major purpose of the project was to propose a proper design of a 9-storied
building and then analyze the building structure properly. For this purpose, I have to use my
knowledge of SAP2000 software and I even made it earthquake resistant with proper load
calculations.

CE 2.4.2 My Contribution to work
I was assigned as a responsible team member within this specific project of Design
and Analysis of Building and I have successfully accomplished every work that had led to the
proper project deployment. My major contribution was to propose a design for the building
and complete the structural analysis.