BUS301 Capstone Project: Ford Motor Plc Analysis Report
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This assignment is a comprehensive capstone project analyzing Ford Motor Plc's business operations. It begins with an executive summary and background information, followed by an issues analysis that addresses challenges like the global financial crisis and its impact on the company. A detailed analysis explores industry competition, company resources, global strategies, e-business issues, diversification strategies, and financial conditions. The report includes profitability, liquidity, and efficiency ratio analysis to assess financial health. It further examines staffing, people management, incentives, and organizational structure. The project concludes with strategic recommendations for improvement, including addressing financial inefficiencies and enhancing liquidity, and outlines a career and future study plan. The project aims to provide insights into Ford's challenges and offer strategic recommendations for enhancing business performance and sustainability.

Bus301 integrated capstone project
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Table of Contents
SECTION 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................1
SECTION 2: BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY...................................................................1
SECTION 3: ISSUES ANALYSIS:................................................................................................1
SECTION 4: DETAILED ANALYSIS...........................................................................................2
Industry and competitive analysis:..............................................................................................2
Company resources and capabilities:..........................................................................................2
Global or multinational strategy:................................................................................................3
E-business strategy issues:..........................................................................................................3
Diversification strategies and the analysis of multi-business corporations................................3
Financial conditions and financial analysis.................................................................................4
Staffing, people management, incentives and rewards...............................................................5
Organisational structure..............................................................................................................6
Policies and procedures...............................................................................................................6
Corporate culture issues..............................................................................................................7
Ethics...........................................................................................................................................7
Corporate communication and public relations..........................................................................7
SECTION 5: RECOMMENDATIONS...........................................................................................8
SECTION 6: CAREER AND FUTURE STUDY PLAN................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
SECTION 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................1
SECTION 2: BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY...................................................................1
SECTION 3: ISSUES ANALYSIS:................................................................................................1
SECTION 4: DETAILED ANALYSIS...........................................................................................2
Industry and competitive analysis:..............................................................................................2
Company resources and capabilities:..........................................................................................2
Global or multinational strategy:................................................................................................3
E-business strategy issues:..........................................................................................................3
Diversification strategies and the analysis of multi-business corporations................................3
Financial conditions and financial analysis.................................................................................4
Staffing, people management, incentives and rewards...............................................................5
Organisational structure..............................................................................................................6
Policies and procedures...............................................................................................................6
Corporate culture issues..............................................................................................................7
Ethics...........................................................................................................................................7
Corporate communication and public relations..........................................................................7
SECTION 5: RECOMMENDATIONS...........................................................................................8
SECTION 6: CAREER AND FUTURE STUDY PLAN................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

SECTION 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Improving the operational and financial condition of an organisation on which there have
been necessity of identifying various issues and obstacles which are required to be governed and
monitored with respect to make better determination business issues . In the present report, there
have been discussion based on Ford Motor plc’s ascertainment regarding the industry, company
resources, business strategy issues, ethics, financial issues as well as policies undertaken by the
professionals. Therefore, such analysis will be effective for recommending the adequate changes
in the business operations to be made.
SECTION 2: BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY
Ford Motor plc have been operating as the international player in the automotive sector. It
sells various models and types of vehicles such as commercial or utility vehicles, luxury cars,
SUV’s etc. along with this, they have collaboration with various other organisations for
operational purposes such as Jingaling Motors with 32% of stakes, Auto Alliance Thailand, Ford
Lio Ho, Fords Otosan and Ford Sollers. Similarly, for the assembling line of the business on
which there have been influences of various subsidiaries such as Jaguar, Volvo, Mercury brand,
Tata motors and Land Rover (Ford Motor Company, 2015). This firm has been operating in
various nations having 90 plants as well as more than 213,000 workforce which in turn have
been impacting on raising the operational gaols and making adequate operational ascertainment.
There have been various dropdown and impacts of various issues which has have affected
the business growth and profitability in a period on which managing the business activities
would not impact of raising the operational growth and determinations.
SECTION 3: ISSUES ANALYSIS:
There have been various problems which were being faced by Ford Motor Plc such as the
impact of global financial crisis the company have been closed due to the financial crisis hitting
bankruptcy in 21st century. It defines that, the financial condition of company was not
appropriate and does not according to business gains and motives. It was due to increasing
incentives, cost of gaining workforce, soaring, gasoline prices, eroding market share and an over
dependence which decides declining of SUV sales (Airani and Ford, 2015). Therefore, due to
such issues on which company has dropped various unprofitable and inefficient models,
consolidates the production line, closed off 14 factories as well as cut 30000 jobs.
1
Improving the operational and financial condition of an organisation on which there have
been necessity of identifying various issues and obstacles which are required to be governed and
monitored with respect to make better determination business issues . In the present report, there
have been discussion based on Ford Motor plc’s ascertainment regarding the industry, company
resources, business strategy issues, ethics, financial issues as well as policies undertaken by the
professionals. Therefore, such analysis will be effective for recommending the adequate changes
in the business operations to be made.
SECTION 2: BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY
Ford Motor plc have been operating as the international player in the automotive sector. It
sells various models and types of vehicles such as commercial or utility vehicles, luxury cars,
SUV’s etc. along with this, they have collaboration with various other organisations for
operational purposes such as Jingaling Motors with 32% of stakes, Auto Alliance Thailand, Ford
Lio Ho, Fords Otosan and Ford Sollers. Similarly, for the assembling line of the business on
which there have been influences of various subsidiaries such as Jaguar, Volvo, Mercury brand,
Tata motors and Land Rover (Ford Motor Company, 2015). This firm has been operating in
various nations having 90 plants as well as more than 213,000 workforce which in turn have
been impacting on raising the operational gaols and making adequate operational ascertainment.
There have been various dropdown and impacts of various issues which has have affected
the business growth and profitability in a period on which managing the business activities
would not impact of raising the operational growth and determinations.
SECTION 3: ISSUES ANALYSIS:
There have been various problems which were being faced by Ford Motor Plc such as the
impact of global financial crisis the company have been closed due to the financial crisis hitting
bankruptcy in 21st century. It defines that, the financial condition of company was not
appropriate and does not according to business gains and motives. It was due to increasing
incentives, cost of gaining workforce, soaring, gasoline prices, eroding market share and an over
dependence which decides declining of SUV sales (Airani and Ford, 2015). Therefore, due to
such issues on which company has dropped various unprofitable and inefficient models,
consolidates the production line, closed off 14 factories as well as cut 30000 jobs.
1
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SECTION 4: DETAILED ANALYSIS
In analysing the corporate culture of Ford Motor Plc on which analysing various factors
would be adequate in determining the performance of business. It can be analysed through
competition stated in the market, industrial efficiencies, financial stability etc. however, these are
the issues which can be resolved and effective in accordance with managing the performance in
the right manner. It can be adequate in terms of determining the operational growth and
profitability through such analysis on which managerial professionals would become able to
make corrective decisions.
Industry and competitive analysis:
In analysing the impact of automotive industries in the global market on which there are
several top brands which are challenging operational practices of Ford Motor Company (Mohd
Sanusi and et.al., 2018). However, there has been various competitors which are stated in the
market on which making a reliable operational determination would be effective in leading the
operational governance and practices.
There has been consistence of worldwide automation of the industries which is consists of
various number of producer with no single dominant producer. There are several manufacturers
which accounts for the major proportion of sales revenue in particular countries on which mainly
in their regional country (Suddaby and Foster, 2017). However, there have been key competitors
of this organisation such as Late Chrysler Automobiles, GM company, Honda, Hyundai, PSA
Peugeot Citroen, Renault, Toyota and Volkswagen AG group.
Therefore, these are the competitors which are challenging operational practices by their
popularity among consumers, market share as well as product quality and price. The consumer
satisfaction rate has been considered and measured with respect to have effective decision
regarding designing the product and services and making corrective decisions at the right time.
Company resources and capabilities:
Ford Motor Plc is one of the largest company in the automotive industry. It has a huge
number of resources and capabilities. The most important resources of the company is its brand
image in the global market. With the help of its strong image, it becomes able to achieve a larger
amount market share. Further, its strong management system is also its one of the major
resource.
2
In analysing the corporate culture of Ford Motor Plc on which analysing various factors
would be adequate in determining the performance of business. It can be analysed through
competition stated in the market, industrial efficiencies, financial stability etc. however, these are
the issues which can be resolved and effective in accordance with managing the performance in
the right manner. It can be adequate in terms of determining the operational growth and
profitability through such analysis on which managerial professionals would become able to
make corrective decisions.
Industry and competitive analysis:
In analysing the impact of automotive industries in the global market on which there are
several top brands which are challenging operational practices of Ford Motor Company (Mohd
Sanusi and et.al., 2018). However, there has been various competitors which are stated in the
market on which making a reliable operational determination would be effective in leading the
operational governance and practices.
There has been consistence of worldwide automation of the industries which is consists of
various number of producer with no single dominant producer. There are several manufacturers
which accounts for the major proportion of sales revenue in particular countries on which mainly
in their regional country (Suddaby and Foster, 2017). However, there have been key competitors
of this organisation such as Late Chrysler Automobiles, GM company, Honda, Hyundai, PSA
Peugeot Citroen, Renault, Toyota and Volkswagen AG group.
Therefore, these are the competitors which are challenging operational practices by their
popularity among consumers, market share as well as product quality and price. The consumer
satisfaction rate has been considered and measured with respect to have effective decision
regarding designing the product and services and making corrective decisions at the right time.
Company resources and capabilities:
Ford Motor Plc is one of the largest company in the automotive industry. It has a huge
number of resources and capabilities. The most important resources of the company is its brand
image in the global market. With the help of its strong image, it becomes able to achieve a larger
amount market share. Further, its strong management system is also its one of the major
resource.
2
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The company also have various capabilities like there green technology system. It helps it
in producing its cars without leading pollution (Alvesson and Sveningsson, 2015). Further,
strong marketing techniques, centralised decision making system, healthy corporate culture, etc.
are also its core capabilities through which it runs its business smoothly and achieves business
objectives and goals in an effective manner.
Global or multinational strategy:
Ford is a American based business that runs its business at global level. Being a
multinational corporation, it needs to develop a range of global strategies through which it could
enhance its profitability and marketability in the global market. For maintenance of sustainability
in the global market, company has strong competitive strategies. Further, it have strategy to
analyse the economy of each country in which it has its business and innovates its business
policies accordingly (Parvadavardini, Vivek and Devadasan, 2016). It leads in helping the
company in developing the most appropriate selling, marketing and other financial objectives
through which it enhances its positioning in the global market.
Ford also has strong strategy to enhance its brand equity at global level. Company has
strong advertising policies through which it enhances its brand equity in all over the world at
attracts maximum amount of customers towards it as well.
E-business strategy issues:
By developing technological advancement in the business, Ford motor plc started doing e
business in late 90's. Although this new technology brought a huge issues within its business
operations. The major issue was enhancement of fear among the members of company of loosing
their job due to computerisation of every activity. Further, as at that time, people were not much
aware about the latest technologies (Ybema, Thomas and Hardy, 2016). It resulted in
enhancement of training requirement within the organisation at enhance its cost of business as
well.
In addition, making customers to use their websites for buying their product was also a
huge challenge of for in late 90's. Therefore, employment dissatisfaction, cost enhancement,
training and development requirement, lack of customer interest was one of the major e business
strategies of Ford.
3
in producing its cars without leading pollution (Alvesson and Sveningsson, 2015). Further,
strong marketing techniques, centralised decision making system, healthy corporate culture, etc.
are also its core capabilities through which it runs its business smoothly and achieves business
objectives and goals in an effective manner.
Global or multinational strategy:
Ford is a American based business that runs its business at global level. Being a
multinational corporation, it needs to develop a range of global strategies through which it could
enhance its profitability and marketability in the global market. For maintenance of sustainability
in the global market, company has strong competitive strategies. Further, it have strategy to
analyse the economy of each country in which it has its business and innovates its business
policies accordingly (Parvadavardini, Vivek and Devadasan, 2016). It leads in helping the
company in developing the most appropriate selling, marketing and other financial objectives
through which it enhances its positioning in the global market.
Ford also has strong strategy to enhance its brand equity at global level. Company has
strong advertising policies through which it enhances its brand equity in all over the world at
attracts maximum amount of customers towards it as well.
E-business strategy issues:
By developing technological advancement in the business, Ford motor plc started doing e
business in late 90's. Although this new technology brought a huge issues within its business
operations. The major issue was enhancement of fear among the members of company of loosing
their job due to computerisation of every activity. Further, as at that time, people were not much
aware about the latest technologies (Ybema, Thomas and Hardy, 2016). It resulted in
enhancement of training requirement within the organisation at enhance its cost of business as
well.
In addition, making customers to use their websites for buying their product was also a
huge challenge of for in late 90's. Therefore, employment dissatisfaction, cost enhancement,
training and development requirement, lack of customer interest was one of the major e business
strategies of Ford.
3

Diversification strategies and the analysis of multi-business corporations
Diversification refers to strategy developed by a business for the purpose of entering into
a new market or launching new products in the existing markets. Being a multinational business
organisation, It is a major requirement of ford to develop diversification strategies, as
diversification helps the business in developing enhancing the business at global level.
Ford motor plc has developed diversity policy with the help of which it keeps researching
the need of customers and produce its new automobile products accordingly. It leads in attracting
larger amount of customers towards it and enhance its sales and profitability as well.
Financial conditions and financial analysis
Profitability
ratios 2016 ratio 2017 ratio 2018 ratio
Gross profit
ratio Gross profit 25,216 0.17 25,444 0.16 24,069 0.15
sales revenue 151,800 156,776 160,338
Net profit
ratio Net profit 16,407 0.11 17,734 0.11 13,881 0.09
Sales
revenue 151,800 156,776 160,338
Return on
capital
employed
Total
shareholder’s
equity
29,170
0.19
34,890
0.22 35,932 0.22
Sales
revenue 151,800 156,776 160,338
Liquidity
ratio 2016 ratio 2017 ratio 2018 ratio
current ratio
Current
assets 108,461 1.20 115,902 1.22518 114,649 1.20
Current
liabilities 90,281 94,600 95,569
Quick ratio
Current
assets-
inventories 99,563 1.10 105,625 1.11654 103,429 1.08
Current
liabilities 90,281 94,600 95,569
Efficiency 2016 ratio 2017 ratio 2018 ratio
4
Diversification refers to strategy developed by a business for the purpose of entering into
a new market or launching new products in the existing markets. Being a multinational business
organisation, It is a major requirement of ford to develop diversification strategies, as
diversification helps the business in developing enhancing the business at global level.
Ford motor plc has developed diversity policy with the help of which it keeps researching
the need of customers and produce its new automobile products accordingly. It leads in attracting
larger amount of customers towards it and enhance its sales and profitability as well.
Financial conditions and financial analysis
Profitability
ratios 2016 ratio 2017 ratio 2018 ratio
Gross profit
ratio Gross profit 25,216 0.17 25,444 0.16 24,069 0.15
sales revenue 151,800 156,776 160,338
Net profit
ratio Net profit 16,407 0.11 17,734 0.11 13,881 0.09
Sales
revenue 151,800 156,776 160,338
Return on
capital
employed
Total
shareholder’s
equity
29,170
0.19
34,890
0.22 35,932 0.22
Sales
revenue 151,800 156,776 160,338
Liquidity
ratio 2016 ratio 2017 ratio 2018 ratio
current ratio
Current
assets 108,461 1.20 115,902 1.22518 114,649 1.20
Current
liabilities 90,281 94,600 95,569
Quick ratio
Current
assets-
inventories 99,563 1.10 105,625 1.11654 103,429 1.08
Current
liabilities 90,281 94,600 95,569
Efficiency 2016 ratio 2017 ratio 2018 ratio
4
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ratio
Inventory
turnover
ratio
Cost of
goods sold
126,584
14.70
131,332
13.70
136,269
12.68
Average
inventories 8608.5 9587.5 10748.5
Asset
turnover
ratio Net sales 151,800 0.66 156,776 0.63 160,338 0.62
Average
total assets 231438 247880 257174
Interpretation
From the analysis of above financial ratios of the Ford motor plc it can be concluded that
the average profitability of the company is increasing over the year due to increase in its
profitability ratios. Although, gross profit margin of the company is reducing over the time, it
can be resulted due to increasing some variable expenses of the company. Further, the efficiency
ratios of the firm is showing reduction in the profitability of business. Therefore its management
is needed to analyse the situation and develop effective strategies accordingly.
In addition, the company's control over the liquidity is also nit efficient. It may result
generating incapability of the company in developing its incapability of repaying its debts that
may cause in putting the company into winding up situation . Therefore, the company needs to
enhance its efficiencies in maintenance of liquidity in the business. In the order, the company can
use budgetary control technique through which the managers would be able to predict the need
of cash and cash equivalents in the business through which they would plan to maintain
sufficient amount and liquidity in the business.
Staffing, people management, incentives and rewards
Staffing
Staffing refers to placing right person at right job. It is a major task of human resource
managers needs to develop effective strategies and plans for recruiting the best qualified person
in the business so that it could enhance its business performance.
People management
People management can be defined as a management o employees. The human resource
mangers of Ford use to develop and innovate their people management plans as per change in the
5
Inventory
turnover
ratio
Cost of
goods sold
126,584
14.70
131,332
13.70
136,269
12.68
Average
inventories 8608.5 9587.5 10748.5
Asset
turnover
ratio Net sales 151,800 0.66 156,776 0.63 160,338 0.62
Average
total assets 231438 247880 257174
Interpretation
From the analysis of above financial ratios of the Ford motor plc it can be concluded that
the average profitability of the company is increasing over the year due to increase in its
profitability ratios. Although, gross profit margin of the company is reducing over the time, it
can be resulted due to increasing some variable expenses of the company. Further, the efficiency
ratios of the firm is showing reduction in the profitability of business. Therefore its management
is needed to analyse the situation and develop effective strategies accordingly.
In addition, the company's control over the liquidity is also nit efficient. It may result
generating incapability of the company in developing its incapability of repaying its debts that
may cause in putting the company into winding up situation . Therefore, the company needs to
enhance its efficiencies in maintenance of liquidity in the business. In the order, the company can
use budgetary control technique through which the managers would be able to predict the need
of cash and cash equivalents in the business through which they would plan to maintain
sufficient amount and liquidity in the business.
Staffing, people management, incentives and rewards
Staffing
Staffing refers to placing right person at right job. It is a major task of human resource
managers needs to develop effective strategies and plans for recruiting the best qualified person
in the business so that it could enhance its business performance.
People management
People management can be defined as a management o employees. The human resource
mangers of Ford use to develop and innovate their people management plans as per change in the
5
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environmental factors. It results in enhancing the quality of human resource management and
developing an appropriate working culture within the business as well (Anker and et.al., 2016).
Incentives
Incentives are one of the major way of providing job satisfaction to employees. Ford have
developed such an incentive strategies through which it enables to pay appropriate amount to
workers as per their quality and quantity of job.
Rewards
Ford have a system of providing both monetary and non monetary rewards to its workers
in form of bonus, promotions, awards, etc. adoption of this system helps the Ford motors plc in
providing effective job satisfaction and enhance self motivation as to enhance their productivity
of working as well. Further, they also
Organisational structure
An organisational culture of a business organisation have a huge impact over its
productivity and quality of performance. Ford, has developed an effective organisational culture.
It has its set vision and mission which helps the business in providing a long term goals to the
business. With the help of its effective culture, it becomes able to achieve its a higher positioning
in the global market and enhance its sales, marketability and profitability as well.
Further, company also develops effective strategies and plans as to enhance its
organisational structure for its employees by providing them healthy and safe environment.
Furthermore, human resource managers of Ford also need to perform a task to maintain a light
and healthy cultural environment within the business organisation (Ford Motor Company’s
Organizational Culture Analysis, 2017). it leads in developing effectiveness of the employees
and sustain them with the firm as well.
Policies and procedures
In order to develop the most effective management and controlling of each activity of
overall business organisation at global level, the Ford motor plc has developed various policies
and set numerous procedure as to set the performance of various business activities and maintain
a standard of performance of each activity as well.
In order to enhance the productivity and quality if the overall business, the company has
created following policies and procedures:
6
developing an appropriate working culture within the business as well (Anker and et.al., 2016).
Incentives
Incentives are one of the major way of providing job satisfaction to employees. Ford have
developed such an incentive strategies through which it enables to pay appropriate amount to
workers as per their quality and quantity of job.
Rewards
Ford have a system of providing both monetary and non monetary rewards to its workers
in form of bonus, promotions, awards, etc. adoption of this system helps the Ford motors plc in
providing effective job satisfaction and enhance self motivation as to enhance their productivity
of working as well. Further, they also
Organisational structure
An organisational culture of a business organisation have a huge impact over its
productivity and quality of performance. Ford, has developed an effective organisational culture.
It has its set vision and mission which helps the business in providing a long term goals to the
business. With the help of its effective culture, it becomes able to achieve its a higher positioning
in the global market and enhance its sales, marketability and profitability as well.
Further, company also develops effective strategies and plans as to enhance its
organisational structure for its employees by providing them healthy and safe environment.
Furthermore, human resource managers of Ford also need to perform a task to maintain a light
and healthy cultural environment within the business organisation (Ford Motor Company’s
Organizational Culture Analysis, 2017). it leads in developing effectiveness of the employees
and sustain them with the firm as well.
Policies and procedures
In order to develop the most effective management and controlling of each activity of
overall business organisation at global level, the Ford motor plc has developed various policies
and set numerous procedure as to set the performance of various business activities and maintain
a standard of performance of each activity as well.
In order to enhance the productivity and quality if the overall business, the company has
created following policies and procedures:
6

Ford has developed and effective communication network within the business
organisation, through which a set channel and procedure of communicating any
information has been effectively developed by it.
Company has adopted a policy to recruit employees from all over the world. This policy
helps Ford in collecting the best talent from all over the world and enhance the
productivity of overall business organisation (Collum, Menachemi and Sen, 2016).
Further, it has also adopted diversity policy in each business at global level. It helps the
business in enhancing working culture within the firm and develop ethical culture as well.
It leads in providing mental peace to each employee and enhance its efficiencies as well.
In this regard, ford has developed various policies and procedures within the business
organisation. it has helped it in developing its productivity and gain a huge success from the
business operations as well.
Corporate culture issues
Ford has developed an effective corporate culture within the organisation. Although,
there are a various major issues in the corporate culture of it which reduces the quality of
corporate culture in the business. Not involving flexibility in the working and performance to the
employees are the major problem in the corporate culture of Ford (Ford Motor a view from the
outside, 2016). It results in reducing the efficiency of employees due to huge amount of rigidity.
Further, lack of effective communication is also major issue of its corporate culture. It
also reduces the efficiencies of informing each relevant member of the company that causes
reducing the effectiveness in performing various activities. Moreover , it also causes the
inefficiency in implementation of management policies, plans and procedures of the business.
Ethics
Ethics can be defined as moral values to be involved in the business. Business ethics of
the Ford motors plc is not at its best. Although, manager of the company have developed
effective plans and policies for enhancing the quality of ethical values in the firm. But there are
some major issues in the ethical culture of the business. Involvement of diversity in the business
and not developing anti discriminatory policy accordingly is the major issue of lack of ethical
culture of the business. This drawback leads in enhancement of descrimination among
employees that reduced the ethical values of business.
7
organisation, through which a set channel and procedure of communicating any
information has been effectively developed by it.
Company has adopted a policy to recruit employees from all over the world. This policy
helps Ford in collecting the best talent from all over the world and enhance the
productivity of overall business organisation (Collum, Menachemi and Sen, 2016).
Further, it has also adopted diversity policy in each business at global level. It helps the
business in enhancing working culture within the firm and develop ethical culture as well.
It leads in providing mental peace to each employee and enhance its efficiencies as well.
In this regard, ford has developed various policies and procedures within the business
organisation. it has helped it in developing its productivity and gain a huge success from the
business operations as well.
Corporate culture issues
Ford has developed an effective corporate culture within the organisation. Although,
there are a various major issues in the corporate culture of it which reduces the quality of
corporate culture in the business. Not involving flexibility in the working and performance to the
employees are the major problem in the corporate culture of Ford (Ford Motor a view from the
outside, 2016). It results in reducing the efficiency of employees due to huge amount of rigidity.
Further, lack of effective communication is also major issue of its corporate culture. It
also reduces the efficiencies of informing each relevant member of the company that causes
reducing the effectiveness in performing various activities. Moreover , it also causes the
inefficiency in implementation of management policies, plans and procedures of the business.
Ethics
Ethics can be defined as moral values to be involved in the business. Business ethics of
the Ford motors plc is not at its best. Although, manager of the company have developed
effective plans and policies for enhancing the quality of ethical values in the firm. But there are
some major issues in the ethical culture of the business. Involvement of diversity in the business
and not developing anti discriminatory policy accordingly is the major issue of lack of ethical
culture of the business. This drawback leads in enhancement of descrimination among
employees that reduced the ethical values of business.
7
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Corporate communication and public relations
Corporate Communication
Involvement of an effective communication channel is a basic requirement of each
business organisation. Ford motor plc also have strong communication channel through which it
can communicate each strategies and plans of the managers and each directions provided by
directors within the whole business organisation. it results in implementation of each plan in all
over the business (Wilson, 2016). Further, it also helps in managing activities of business at
global level. Although, there is a weakness in the corporate communication of business i.e. lack
of peer to peer communication network in the business. It leads in reduction of coordination
among employees.
Public relation
Public relation refers to keeping in touch with the customers in order to maintain them
with the company. The Ford motor Plc maintains the relation wit their customers through mails
and messages. It results in enhancing loyalty with the customers.
Further, Ford also have a culture to take regular feedbacks from its customers towards
their products and services and solve their queries as well. It helps the company in enhancing its
public relation and customer satisfaction as well.
SECTION 5: RECOMMENDATIONS
From the analysis of above study, it can be recommended to the Ford motors plc that
company should develop the peer to peer communication network within its business
organisation. it would help the business in enhancing the coordination among the employees. It
would help it in enhancing effectiveness of the organisational culture.
Further, there are some ethical and cultural issues in the business like involvement of
discrimination among employees, lack of coordination and ineffective implementation of
management policies due to ineffective communication in the business. In this regard, Ford is
recommended to develop strict anti discrimination policies for its employees. For the purpose of
enhancing the coordination, and effective transformation of informations, it is recommended to it
to develop the procedure and channel through which the information would be communicated to
each relevant person.
8
Corporate Communication
Involvement of an effective communication channel is a basic requirement of each
business organisation. Ford motor plc also have strong communication channel through which it
can communicate each strategies and plans of the managers and each directions provided by
directors within the whole business organisation. it results in implementation of each plan in all
over the business (Wilson, 2016). Further, it also helps in managing activities of business at
global level. Although, there is a weakness in the corporate communication of business i.e. lack
of peer to peer communication network in the business. It leads in reduction of coordination
among employees.
Public relation
Public relation refers to keeping in touch with the customers in order to maintain them
with the company. The Ford motor Plc maintains the relation wit their customers through mails
and messages. It results in enhancing loyalty with the customers.
Further, Ford also have a culture to take regular feedbacks from its customers towards
their products and services and solve their queries as well. It helps the company in enhancing its
public relation and customer satisfaction as well.
SECTION 5: RECOMMENDATIONS
From the analysis of above study, it can be recommended to the Ford motors plc that
company should develop the peer to peer communication network within its business
organisation. it would help the business in enhancing the coordination among the employees. It
would help it in enhancing effectiveness of the organisational culture.
Further, there are some ethical and cultural issues in the business like involvement of
discrimination among employees, lack of coordination and ineffective implementation of
management policies due to ineffective communication in the business. In this regard, Ford is
recommended to develop strict anti discrimination policies for its employees. For the purpose of
enhancing the coordination, and effective transformation of informations, it is recommended to it
to develop the procedure and channel through which the information would be communicated to
each relevant person.
8
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moreover, from the analysis of the various financial ratios of business, it can be analysed
that the efficiency of maintaining control over the inventory uses is the Ford is reducing over the
year. It would lead in reducing the efficiencies of business organisation. in this regard, the
overall efficiency of the business may reduce. Therefore, the ford needs to involve effective
inventory management policies within the business so that its efficiencies could be enhanced.
Further, the profitability of the business is also reducing over the year. It is reduced due
to enhancement of its operating and other business expenses. Therefore, a company needs to
develop effective strategies for enhancing its cost efficiencies. It will help the company in
reducing the overall cost and enhancing its profitability as well.
In addition, reduction in the quick ratio of the company over the year is showing lowering
the liquidity within the business operations. Sufficient liquidity is required to be maintain in
order to keep it capable of paying the debts. Insufficiency of liquidity may result in winding up
of a business organisation. in this order, ford is recommended to develop management policies in
regard to develop efficiency within the business.
SECTION 6: CAREER AND FUTURE STUDY PLAN
I have planned to develop my career in the auditing field only. For this purpose I have
planned to get the professional auditing degree. I have interest in gaining knowledge about new
businesses, the latest accounting techniques, financial management as well. It will help me in
studying and understanding subjects of auditing professional courses material easily. Further,
choosing auditing as a career option will help me in developing a strong image and achieving a
different position in the society as well.
9
that the efficiency of maintaining control over the inventory uses is the Ford is reducing over the
year. It would lead in reducing the efficiencies of business organisation. in this regard, the
overall efficiency of the business may reduce. Therefore, the ford needs to involve effective
inventory management policies within the business so that its efficiencies could be enhanced.
Further, the profitability of the business is also reducing over the year. It is reduced due
to enhancement of its operating and other business expenses. Therefore, a company needs to
develop effective strategies for enhancing its cost efficiencies. It will help the company in
reducing the overall cost and enhancing its profitability as well.
In addition, reduction in the quick ratio of the company over the year is showing lowering
the liquidity within the business operations. Sufficient liquidity is required to be maintain in
order to keep it capable of paying the debts. Insufficiency of liquidity may result in winding up
of a business organisation. in this order, ford is recommended to develop management policies in
regard to develop efficiency within the business.
SECTION 6: CAREER AND FUTURE STUDY PLAN
I have planned to develop my career in the auditing field only. For this purpose I have
planned to get the professional auditing degree. I have interest in gaining knowledge about new
businesses, the latest accounting techniques, financial management as well. It will help me in
studying and understanding subjects of auditing professional courses material easily. Further,
choosing auditing as a career option will help me in developing a strong image and achieving a
different position in the society as well.
9

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Collum, T. H., Menachemi, N. and Sen, B., 2016. Does electronic health record use improve
hospital financial performance? Evidence from panel data. Health care management
review. 41(3). pp.267-274.
Parvadavardini, S., Vivek, N. and Devadasan, S. R., 2016. Impact of quality management
practices on quality performance and financial performance: evidence from Indian
manufacturing companies. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence. 27(5-6).
pp.507-530.
Mohd Sanusi, Z. and et.al., 2018. Effects of goal orientation, self-efficacy and task complexity on
the audit judgement performance of Malaysian auditors. Accounting, Auditing &
Accountability Journal, 31(1), pp.75-95.
Airani, R. and Ford, J. B., 2015. Manifestation Issues, Fundamental Explananda and
Methodological Supplements of Cross-Cultural Marketing Research: The Case of Market
Orientation. In Assessing the Different Roles of Marketing Theory and Practice in the
Jaws of Economic Uncertainty (pp. 184-184). Springer, Cham.
Suddaby, R. and Foster, W. M., 2017. History and organizational change.
Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015. Changing organizational culture: Cultural change
work in progress. Routledge.
Ybema, S., Thomas, R. and Hardy, C., 2016. Organizational change and resistance: An identity
perspective. The SAGE handbook of resistance, pp.386-404.
Anker, S.D. and et.al., 2016. Traditional and new composite endpoints in heart failure clinical
trials: facilitating comprehensive efficacy assessments and improving trial
efficiency. European journal of heart failure. 18(5). pp.482-489.
Wilson, A., 2016. Drilling Improvements Work Toward the Perfect Well in the Eagle
Ford. Journal of Petroleum Technology. 68(09). pp.104-105.
Online
Ford Motor Company. 2015. [Online]. Available through :<
http://s21.q4cdn.com/450475907/files/doc_downloads/Ford-10-K-(2015).pdf>.
Ford Motor Company’s Organizational Culture Analysis. 2017. [Online]. Available
through :<http://panmore.com/ford-motor-company-organizational-culture-analysis>
10
Books and Journals
Collum, T. H., Menachemi, N. and Sen, B., 2016. Does electronic health record use improve
hospital financial performance? Evidence from panel data. Health care management
review. 41(3). pp.267-274.
Parvadavardini, S., Vivek, N. and Devadasan, S. R., 2016. Impact of quality management
practices on quality performance and financial performance: evidence from Indian
manufacturing companies. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence. 27(5-6).
pp.507-530.
Mohd Sanusi, Z. and et.al., 2018. Effects of goal orientation, self-efficacy and task complexity on
the audit judgement performance of Malaysian auditors. Accounting, Auditing &
Accountability Journal, 31(1), pp.75-95.
Airani, R. and Ford, J. B., 2015. Manifestation Issues, Fundamental Explananda and
Methodological Supplements of Cross-Cultural Marketing Research: The Case of Market
Orientation. In Assessing the Different Roles of Marketing Theory and Practice in the
Jaws of Economic Uncertainty (pp. 184-184). Springer, Cham.
Suddaby, R. and Foster, W. M., 2017. History and organizational change.
Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015. Changing organizational culture: Cultural change
work in progress. Routledge.
Ybema, S., Thomas, R. and Hardy, C., 2016. Organizational change and resistance: An identity
perspective. The SAGE handbook of resistance, pp.386-404.
Anker, S.D. and et.al., 2016. Traditional and new composite endpoints in heart failure clinical
trials: facilitating comprehensive efficacy assessments and improving trial
efficiency. European journal of heart failure. 18(5). pp.482-489.
Wilson, A., 2016. Drilling Improvements Work Toward the Perfect Well in the Eagle
Ford. Journal of Petroleum Technology. 68(09). pp.104-105.
Online
Ford Motor Company. 2015. [Online]. Available through :<
http://s21.q4cdn.com/450475907/files/doc_downloads/Ford-10-K-(2015).pdf>.
Ford Motor Company’s Organizational Culture Analysis. 2017. [Online]. Available
through :<http://panmore.com/ford-motor-company-organizational-culture-analysis>
10
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