BUS 707 Research Proposal: Analyzing Dollar Exchange Rate Fluctuations

This research proposal investigates the impact of Australian dollar fluctuations on the Australian retail industry, particularly focusing on companies like Woolworths and Coles Supermarket. It addresses the research problem of increased business risk due to these fluctuations and explores the social, economic, and business implications. The proposal includes a literature review, research aims and objectives, a detailed research methodology encompassing research philosophy, approach, design, strategy, data collection, sampling, and analysis methods. It also considers ethical considerations such as plagiarism and data manipulation. The research plan outlines the timeline and resources required for the study, aiming to provide insights into managing exchange rate fluctuations and improving business performance in the Australian retail sector. Desklib provides a platform to access this and similar solved assignments.

Running Head: PROPOSAL
DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................4
Research problem.......................................................................................................................4
Background................................................................................................................................4
Ethical Consideration.................................................................................................................6
Literature Review.......................................................................................................................6
Aims/Objectives of the Research...........................................................................................9
Research methodology...............................................................................................................9
Introduction............................................................................................................................9
Research Philosophy..............................................................................................................9
Research Approach...............................................................................................................10
Research Design...................................................................................................................11
Research Strategy.................................................................................................................11
Data Collection Method.......................................................................................................12
Sampling Method.....................................................................................................................13
Data Analysis Method..............................................................................................................13
Conclusion................................................................................................................................14
Research Plan...........................................................................................................................14
Reference..................................................................................................................................16
Appendixes...............................................................................................................................17

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Abstract
The currency fluctuations results from the floating exchange rate of different economies. The
fluctuations in the currency rate impacts the trade and commerce in the country. The present
research tries to explore the social, economic and business impact of the fluctuating dollar on
the retail industry. The retail industry of Australia is quite developed with duopoly market in
the country. There are two major business enterprises in the country operating in the retail
industry, namely, Woolworths and Coles Supermarket. The report will discuss the impact of
the Australian dollar fluctuation on the retail industry of the country.

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Introduction
This paper demonstrates the impact of fluctuation in Australian dollar on the Australian retail
organizations. Every currency periodically experiences fluctuations due to several external
factors. When the currency slides its value, it creates a negative impact on the retail industry.
The retail companies are forced to raise their retail price which results in poor consumer
sentiments (Campbell, 2013). It is observed thatAustralia market is recovered after the 2008
financial crisis. The currency fluctuation rate can be defined as the slight increase or decrease
in currency as compared to the US Dollar. It also discusses the role of the exchange rate and
its direct impact on the nation’s trade level. Furthermore, the exchange rate influence the
ROI. This report will also consider different factors that influence the Australian dollar as
compared to the US dollar.
Research problem
In the current business scenario, it is analyzed that the fluctuation in the Australian dollar
exchange rate has increased the risk on the certain business. The value of Australian dollar
has been increasing and decreasing with the US dollar. Hence, the organization was needed to
manage the exchange rate fluctuation issue due to effectively operating the business and
getting higher profitability (Reboredo, et al., 2014).
Background
In the current business scenario, the Australian retail organizations faced many issues by
fluctuations in the Australian dollar exchange rate. Due to high competition in the Australian
retail industry, organization is unable to influence a large number of consumers and retain
them in long-term. Furthermore, demand and needs of customers have direct impact on the
financial performance and market recognition. Australian organization uses different policy
and procedure as compared to a retail organization of another country because each country
has their different policy (Ferraro, et al., 2015).

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Historical Background

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The above graph shows the average value of Woolworths over the years. Although the value
of the company has declined, it has reduced over the years.
Economic Background

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The above graph shows that in the Australian market, the company has maximum market
share. It has the largest share which is more than Coles, its biggest competitors and other
foreign retailers.
Social Background
The above graph shows the social contribution of Woolworths in South Africa. The company
has second biggest market in South Africa after Australia. The graph shows the contribution
of the company in 2009, 2010 and 2011 in South African market. The figures are shown in
South African Rand.
The organization needs to improve their understanding regarding the impact of Australian
dollar exchange rate fluctuation.Consequently, it supports Australian retail organization
tooperate their business in the Australian. The exchange rate attracts the business process of
Australian retail organization and generates the problem to make a unique image in the
marketplace. In the existing period, it is also addressed that the Australian retail organization
faces many problems to effectively run their businessand attain their specified
goal.Hence,Woolworths limited has needed to develop their knowledge about the impact of
Australia exchange rate fluctuation as compared to the US dollar on the retail organization as
it will be effectiveto get higher competitive benefits. Moreover, company canalso be capable
toattract a large number of consumers in less time and cost as it could improve their financial
performance (Chkili and Nguyen, 2014).

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Moreover, a large number of retail organizationshavegained their knowledge about the
Australian exchange rate influence forgetting higher profit. It will also aidan organization to
enhance their awareness about new technologies for effectively deal with Australian
exchange rate fluctuation issues as it will support the employee to meet their specified task
inspecified cost and time.The fluctuation in Australian exchange ratewill also influence the
demand and sale of product and services in the marketplace. Therefore, theorganization will
use marketing strategies to manage with the exchange rate fluctuation and operate their
business effectively (Gyntelberg, et al., 2014). Through this, an organization will be
capableto improve their existing situation of thefirm. Moreover, an organization will also be
able to develop their internal abilities to effectively manage the crisis situation and enhance
the level of competitive benefit. Beside this, it could also be examined that dollar exchange
rate is significant in the business hence many researchers have completed their research study
on the role of dollar exchange rate in business. However, there is lack of research on the
impact of Australian exchange rate fluctuation as compared to the US dollar in the context of
retail organization. Hence, researcher has decided to complete their research on current
research dilemma. Further, it is also found that there are many causes that inspired the
investigator to choose this research problem like thesignificance of the research, resource
availability,and research motivation. It would also enable the investigator to obtain the liable
data in less cost and time. This research studywill help the researcherand reader to enhance
their understanding towards the Australian exchange rate fluctuation as compared to the US
dollar (Chen and Juvenal 2016).
Ethical Consideration
In the research, concept of ethics is associated with the concluded every task of research in a
valid and ethical way by considering the rules and regulation of university and confidentiality
of participants. It supports researcher to conduct suitable behavior for completing their

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research and get avalid outcome. In this dissertation, the researcher will face ethical issues in
thecontext of copyright act’s violation, plagiarism, and manipulation of data (Jayasinghe, and
Tsui2014). These issues will be mitigated by the researcher by using appropriate references
and citation of theactual author. Beside this, for eliminating similarity from the report, a
researcher will use the particular language to evaluate the collected information. In addition,
the researcher will also take aprior appointmentwith the chosen candidates in order to
collectinformation incontext of research dilemma. From this, the researcher will be capable to
pool the actual information from the candidates. It will also facilitate the researcher to keep
the validity and reliability of data. Beside this, a researcher will also make secure the personal
data of participants at the time of research. It will aid the researcher to make arobust
relationship with the candidates (Brahmasrene, et al., 2014).Researcher should focus on some
different factors at the time of conducting their research such as honest, reliable, transparent,
objective, and non-biased as it could be effective to obtain the ethical result.

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Literature Review
In the perspective of Comarda (2017), the fluctuations in the currency rate has a significant
impact on the trade and commerce of an industry. The luxury brands also have a significant
impact as a result of the shifts in the exchange rate. Most of the companies in different sector
utilize the option of shifting production as a response to the fluctuations in the retail industry.
However, the retail or the manufacturing industry is regional; therefore, the volatility in the
currency can have a strong impact on the fashion companies.
The fluctuations in the currency also have a shaping impact on the sourcing decision. It
results in the revision or the abandonment of the trade agreement, maintaining the security
risk, availability of workers, technology transfer, and consumer expectations. All these
factors operate in alignment creating an overall stronger impact on the trade and the industry.
As per the report of Euro Investor (2012), the constantly changing currency rates have a
strong impact on the profits of the organization. The business organizations which have
overseas branches or which trade internationally are influenced by the changes on the
fluctuation in the global currency.
The Euro Investor report of 2012 has also stated if the size of the business organization is
large, then it can have strong impact on the profits and the losses of the company. There are
several risks which are needed to be evaluated when the business are operating at an
international level. However, there are several approaches which can be used to counteract
the currency exposure of the business enterprises. The simplest method, which is popularly
used by the small and medium organizations equally. It is the best method, if the companies
are do not consider that they are at a high risk from the fluctuations in the exchange rate.
Another approach to control the impact of the currency on the business organization is to
hedge against the risk exposure. Derivatives is a common method which can limit the
exposure to the volatility. Although it is a complicated method, it can reduce the impact on

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the risk. The firms can also manage the exposure to the currency by changing their business
practices. The business can also set up clauses to reduce the exposure to the risk.
McKinnon and Schnabl (2014) evaluated that international and domestic investors are
affected by Australian dollar fluctuation. It can indirectly affects the companies in the retail
industry. Speculation related to devaluation can delay in bringing funds to investors in
Australia. But, the assets could be cheaper. Along with this, international and domestic
investors focus that fluctuation in Australian exchange rate represents the increase in the risk
of investment in Australia. Global shareholders are highly persuaded from the fluctuation of
the exchange rate in the Australian dollar as compared to US dollar.
In the view OfIto et al. (2016) worst case for shareholders could be when the worth of
currency of Australia declines as compared to US dollar. It is evaluated that fluctuation of
Australian dollar rate has an impact on different categories of business such as an airlines, a
gold miner, an online business of selling and buying cars “Carsales.com” and a consumer
goods retailer “JB HI-FI”. It has an impact on the business due to Australian dollar
movement.
Similarly, .Mackey and Gass (2015) stated that movement in Australian dollar exchange can
direct impact on the commodity. It is evaluated that Australian dollar deals as a special
currency because it makes movement in the commodities price and shares of commodity-
based companies. The Australian dollar could be dealt in commodity currency. These
commodity currencies are linked to the evolution of mining.
According toTaylor et al. (2015), Australian dollar movement has less or no impact on the
commodity prices. There is four corporation which deals with the currency. It has an impact
on the business as per the classical theory. It is evaluated that JB HI-FI imports awide range
of goods and then sell it as its profit is progressively affected by the stronger Australian dollar
for the inexpensive imported goods. At the same time, the impact of Australian dollar

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fluctuation is addressed by operation of Carsales.com within the country as it has an impact
on the wide range of cars and its imported parts.
In contrast to this, Flick (2015) described that the organization deals in the Asian market and
Latin America which create difficulties to measure the impact of Australian dollar rate
fluctuation. It also relied on the correlation of currency within and between the areas. An
elevated correlation demonstrates the increment in currency exposure. It is discussed that all
three corporation makes effort to decline the currency risk by locking in the rate
overspecified time duration. It illustrates that companies are engaged in forwarding exchange
contracts and derivatives. Australian dollar deals in commodity currency as it is observed that
there is adrastic impact on the organizations in different industries.
It is also evaluated that movement in certain currency has not only impact on the local
economy but also impact on the global economy. Another characteristic is that shareholders
might be engaged to gain benefits from this fluctuation by investing in theoverseas market
and US multinationals. Another characteristic is that movement in thecurrency could be
riskier and has wider for exchange exposure. There is a need to hedging the risk by using
thevarious instrument of hedging. Further, another characteristic which could be addressed
that Australian dollar has been fluctuating more in against to US dollar counterpart from past
few periods. Therefore, Federal Reserve has made thedecision to gain the interest rates
(Vaioleti, 2016).
Aims/Objectives of the Research
The main aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of Australian dollar exchange rate
fluctuations on retail organizations. In the present case, the example of Woolworths is taken.
The following objectives will be used to meet the main aim of research:
Research objectives are mentioned below:

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 To analyze economic, social, and business impact of Australian dollar fluctuation on
retail industries
 To identify strategies which can be used to minimize the impact of currency
fluctuation on retail industry
Research Question
 What are the various impacts of Australian dollar fluctuation on retail industry?
 How retail industries can minimize the impact of dollar fluctuation?
 What are the trends of Australian dollar fluctuations over three years?
Research hypothesis
Hypothesis 1
Ho: There is negative relationship between profitability of Australian dollar and retail
industry
H1: There is no relationship between profitability of Australian dollar and retail industry
Hypothesis 2
Ho: There is positive relationship between retail sector growth and Australian dollar
fluctuation
H2: There is no relationship between retail sector growth and Australian dollar fluctuation
Hypothesis 3
Ho: There is positive relationship between consumer sentiments and Australian dollar
fluctuation
H3: There is no relationship between consumer sentiments and Australian dollar fluctuation
Research methodology
Introduction
This section of research proposal considers many researchmethods like research philosophy,
research design, data collection method, and research approach. It will facilitate the

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researcher to obtain reliable information towards the research problem.This chapter will also
help the researcher to enhance their understanding about Australian dollar exchange rate
fluctuations.This transparent methodology will support to increase the research quality, and
their validity through multiple sources and observations (Panneerselvam, 2014).
Research Philosophy
For this dissertation, research philosophy will be used by the researcher to pool the valid and
logical information regarding current research issue. The motive of research philosophy is to
reflect and executive the assumption and beliefs of research matter. Moreover, the
assumptions and beliefs of the researcher will act as a foundation to effectively conduct the
research. Research philosophy considers different factors like interpretivism and positivism
research philosophy. In the research study, the positivism philosophy is used by the
researcher to collect factual data gathered through observation (Neuman and Robson,
2014). Beside this, interpretivism philosophy permits the researcher to evaluate each aspect
of the research. The researcher will practice interpretivism philosophy for obtaining reliable
information in the context of research issue. It will also support to enhance research quality.
The motive behind the selection of this philosophy is that it is connected with the logical
situation of idealism. Furthermore, this research philosophy could enable the researcher to put
all different strategies and attain effective result. For this research, the researcher will need to
collect the factual data, which could be possible through positivism philosophy. Hence, the
researcher will use positivism philosophy researcher and enhance the reliability of outcome
(Humphries, 2017).
Research Approach
This is an imperative element of research methodology because it shows the cause for
selecting the specific research process. Research approach could be categorized into two parts
nameddeductive and inductive research approach. The inductive approach will be used to

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examine the collected observation and develop the theoretical data towards the research
matter. On the other hand, the deductive approach is practiced to develop the hypothesis. On
behalf of hypothesis development, the researcher will reject and accept and reject the process
of research (Bauer, 2014). In this research, the deductive approach will be practiced by the
researcher over the inductive approach, because it facilitated the researcher to develop
hypotheses on Australian dollar exchange rate fluctuations in comparison to US Dollar (Billig
and Waterman2014).
Through this method, the researcher will be capable to increasethe validity and reliability of
research result. From the utilization of this approach, a researcher will also capable to gather
the information and develop valid conclusion to deliberate the Australian dollar exchange rate
fluctuations in comparison to US Dollar. In this dissertation, a researcher will not imply the
inductive approach because the research is objective in nature. Moreover, the deductive
approach will help the researcher to answer the research question (Nieswiadomy and Bailey
2017).
Research Design
It is an important factor of research methodology that is effective for attaining the research
aim and objectives. There are two kinds of methods that is considered in the research design
like qualitative and quantitative research design. The qualitative research design is used to
gain the understanding about the research study. This method is practised for collecting the
opinion and belief of participants towards research concern (Matthews and Ross2014). It
considers many strategies such as experiment, questionnaire, interview, and focus group.
Beside this, quantitative research design supports to collect the numerical data in context of
the current research issue. For this dissertation, researcher will use the mixed data collection
method to collect the appropriate information towards the research matter. Researcher willuse
mixed data collection method to avoid research issues, which will be happed at the time of

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conducting the research as it will be supportive to obtain the favourable outcome regarding
the research issue (Reynolds, et al., 2014).
Research Strategy
In the research, research strategy is significant elements because it enables the researcher to
discover the research problem by solving the research question in an appropriate manner.
From appropriate research plan, the researcher will be capable tocollect depth evidence and
evaluate the facts to develop valid decision. In order to accomplish the research objectives,
the researcher will imply the different research approaches like literature review,
observations, interview, case study, questionnaire, focused group, and case study. In this
dissertation, a researcher will use interview and survey research strategies are implied by the
researcher (Dumay and Cai2015). This strategy will facilitate the researcher to collect the
info towards the Australian dollar exchange rate fluctuations in comparison to US Dollar.
Beside this, a researcher will use survey strategy because it will enable the researcher to get
reliable information in the adequate cost and time, which will help the researcher to increase
the researcher reliability among shareholders. Through interview strategy, the researcher will
be capable to directly communicate with the participants and obtain their perception and
views related to the research matter. It will support the researcher to develop the research
validity (AfWåhlberg, 2017).
Data Collection Method
In the research study, the data collection consists of the collection of the information from
many sources to attain the research aims. The appropriate information will assist the
researcher to make a valid conclusion related to the Australian dollar exchange rate
fluctuations in comparison to US Dollar. In the research study, data collection methods
consider two kinds of methods like primary and secondary data collection method.

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In this, the primary data collection method aids the investigator to get new information. For
gathering the primary data, the researcher will use different sources like interview, survey,
action research, and case study (Jaggar, 2015). On the other hand, the secondary data
collection method will aid the research scholar to obtain accurate data in the context of
research matter. In the secondary data collection method, a researcher will consider many
kinds of sources like published data, academic journal, books, company website, magazines,
governmental reports, newspapers, online and offline website (Alvesson and Sköldberg,
2017).
For this research study on ‘Australian dollar exchange rate fluctuations in comparison to US
Dollar,’ the research scholar will select both information gathering techniques like primary
and secondary data collection method. The primary data collection method will assist the
researcher to directly converse with research participants in order to collect their opinion and
views in context of the research matter. Besides this, the researcher will also imply secondary
data collection method to collect theoretical information in context of research matter.
It will help the research scholar to gain the accuracy of research result (Gall, et al., 2014).
Sampling Method
The sampling method is also imperative for research scholar to get the accurate sample size
in the context of research issue. The sampling method considers two kinds of methods like
probability and non-probability sampling method, which aid the research scholar to choose
valid observation from a different population. The probability sampling methodis used to
collect the data without any biases on arandom basis. Through this method, the researcher
will select participants by offering a similar chanceto all the candidates. Besides this, the non-
probability sampling method enables the researcher to collect the participants on the basis of
age, education, gender, and region (Goldberg,et al., 2017). The non-probability sampling
method creates the biases in the research study because this method does not offer the equal

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chance to the participants. For this dissertation, research schloar will practise probability
sampling method with random sampling method to collect data in the context of the
Australian dollar exchange rate fluctuations in comparison to US Dollar. In this dissertation,
50 employees of different Woolworth limited David Jones and Mayer. Besides this, the non-
probability sampling method will not be considered by the researcher because this method
createsbiases in the research. On the other hand, the probability sampling methodwill assist to
collect the valid information and meet research issue.
Data Analysis Method
After gathering the information, it is effective for the researcher to evaluate the collected data
gather the reliable result related to theAustralian dollar exchange rate fluctuations in
comparison to US Dollar. For this research study, the researcher will use different kinds of
methods like conversational analysis, disclosure analysis, statistical analysis, and content
analysis with respect to getting avalid result. The statistical data analysis method will be used
by the researcher to effectively evaluate the collected data. In this, the researcher will be
capable to present pie chart and bar diagram. Moreover, the researcher will use MS-Excel to
present all the graphs and table (Goldberg, et al., 2017).
Conclusion
From the above interpretation, it can be concluded that appropriate determination of research
methodology facilitated the research scholar to attain aim and objectives of research.
Furthermore, it is also concluded that there are many methods which support the researcher to
obtain the feasible outcome like research approach, research strategy, research approach,
research design, and data collection method. Moreover, it is also illustrated that the ethical
consideration will be imperative for the researcher to perform the study in asystematic
manner.

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Research Plan
An appropriate research takes more time to complete all research activity systematically and
meet the favorable result. For this research study, the determination of time will be presented
as below:
The above research plan would be appropriate for the investigator to attain the research
objective in specified time and cost. Through the research plan, the researcher will be capable
to generate the understanding towards the research activity completion time. Moreover, it is
also analyzed that the data collection method activity takes more time period as compared to
other research work effectively.

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Reference

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Euroinvestor. (2012). How exchange rate fluctuations affect companies. Retrieved 25 January
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Appendixes
Research Plan
Research works /Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Research topic consideration
Feedback and meeting with the
tutors
Research background study

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Literature Review Analysis
Data analysis method
Report writing
Report writing editing and proof-
reading
Final submission