ICT710: Business Analysis for Information Technology Report

This report provides a business analysis for the information technology systems of Westfield Group, focusing on the ethical implications of their shift to a digital platform. It examines the frameworks for analysis, including the consequentialist structure and utilitarianism, to address ethical issues arising from data privacy, tracking of buyers, and the implementation of a frictionless car parking system and mobile food service app. The report recommends the use of COBIT 5 as an IT governance framework to manage data, address ethical concerns, and achieve strategic goals. The analysis highlights the importance of ethical decision-making, cost optimization, and managing IT-related risks to ensure a successful digital transformation, while also addressing the potential for data breaches, privacy issues, and the need for user data protection. The report provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities of integrating digital technologies in the retail sector.

Running head: BUSINESS ANALYSIS FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
BUSINESS ANALYSIS FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Name of the System
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Background................................................................................................................................2
Frameworks for analysis (Ethical aspect)..................................................................................3
IT Governance framework.........................................................................................................4
Ethical issues due to shifting to digital platform........................................................................6
Governance issues......................................................................................................................9
Recommendation......................................................................................................................10
References................................................................................................................................11

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Introduction
Digital communication has been one of the major terminologies that have been getting
higher acclamation in the process. This presence of higher approval of the project will
include proper management of the communication system. This introduction of digital
technology enhances the communication process. Digital technology has been acting as one
of the most important platforms in the field of the shopping process. Digital shopping has
been preferred over manual shopping in today’s society. The significant aspect that was taken
into consideration is that gaining access to a vast number of credentials gets easier. This is
one of the significant elements that leads to the inclination towards the digital platform. This
report will discuss the framework that will be considered for the processing of the
administration process of the business section of shopping malls that will be created by the
Westfield Group. Ethical aspects have been provided with utmost priority in this section.
Theories implemented for the commencing of the project in a better manner is also stated in
the project. Decision making regarding the consequences will also be noted in the project.
Ethical values that will be faced due to the shifting of the entire business process form the
manual shopping malls to digital platform integrated shopping malls. Issues that are present
regarding the ethical issues that are spotted are also discussed in this report.
Background
Westfield Group has been a real estate business organisation that is established in
Australia. Constriction of shopping malls has been the prime goal of the Westfield Group.
Due to the inclination of the crowd towards digital platform, Westfield Group has decided to
shift its construction process. To make shopping malls capable enough to provide the
customers with benefits of the digital platform. Westfield Group has been planning to create
opportunities in the field of digital marketing. This is one of the primary reason that the

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functional processing of the data management will be performed as per the commencing of
the digital segmentation process. Implementation of the digital storefronts has been the
primary goals of the Westfield Group. Clicking on collection hubs has also been provided as
per the commenting process. Frictionless car parking system has also been in the mind of the
Westfield Group. Inclusion of a mobile food service app is also expected in the order.
Frameworks for analysis (Ethical aspect)
The consequentialist structure is preferred over the other ethical framework in this
case. Framework chosen as the frame is concerned with people who get affected due to the
change is brought into action (Ahlstrom-Vij and Dunn 2018). This imbibes the fact that better
management of business processing will get performed. Consequences that will be faced by
the internal and external stakeholders will be considered as per the chosen framework. As the
case is about a shopping mall, hence the management process of the shopping mall is
concerned with the buyers who visit the shopping mall regularly. It is evident that the buyers
are the primary revenue earners for the shopping malls and hence, this issue has been
providing a better understanding of the system. As per the consequentialism, analysis of all
the possible deeds are performed. The act with the highest magnitude of Correctness will
imbibe better commencing of the tasks and execution of the business process (Grunwald
2018). This comparing of all the possible outcomes helps in deciding the most effective
outcome of the project. Ethical decision making is performed as per the commencing of the
Correctness of the deed is the primary decision point that helps in selecting the act that is to
be performed. This ensures the fact that a better arrangement of the business in the field of
shopping can be made. This ensures that a better understanding of the project will be
performed as per the Correctness of the deed.

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The ethical factor that will be taken into consideration includes Utilitarianism.
Implementing of Utilitarianism in the field of constriction of shopping malls will be
benefiting the process of the framework that is included for mitigating the ethical issues that
are present.
The expected outcome of the project is taken into consideration in case of the
Utilitarianism. This imbibes the fact that better understanding the dependency of tasks that
are to be performed for reaching the ultimate goal of the project. This is one of the significant
aspects that help in bettering the communication process in between the clients and the owner
of the business as the steps that are taken are the result of several output estimations
(Bleichrodt et al, 2018). Content behaviour of the clients has been the primary target of the
Utilitarianism. Hence it is expected that in case Westfield Group implements this ethical
framework, the execution of the project gets appropriately performed. It is thus increasing the
goodwill of the shopping malls that are created by Westfield Group (Granja and Rafael
2017).
The righteousness of the job also has been a significant concern for this framework.
This has been the primary concern of the project. Management of the project gets performed
in a manner that imbibes the task is not correct ethically. Even though it will benefit the
customers as well as the business organisation, the deed will be abandoned and not get
performed. Despite issues that might be faced in the short term process, the long term goal of
the project will be achieved. This ensures that the business organisation and the
administrative body, along with the customers, will be in a win-win situation.
IT Governance framework
COBIT 5 is the chosen IT Framework that is selected for performing the governance
process. COBIT 5 implementation in the shopping malls that are constructed by Westfield

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Group will be beneficial for the processing of the business management. Data regarded the
needs and the wants of the buyers can be derived. Derivation of the process of data collection
helps in bettering the process of understanding the demands of the buyers. In the case of
proper analysis of the requirements of the clients by the retail sector, business execution will
get easier (Wolden Valverd and Talla 2015). As shopping malls are the place where new
trends in terms of clothes get introduced. This introduction ensures that better processing of
the business management will get performed in a way that will be benefitting the entire
process. Again, efficient usage of the COBIT 5 in the shopping malls that are constructed by
Westfield Group, the gap between the managers and the clients will get removed. COBIT 5 is
also prone to the detection of technical issues that are present in the processing of the
business execution method. This ensures that the commencing of the risk’s management
process gets benefitted. The goals that are initially set are integrated into the COBIT 5
(Bartens et al, 2015). This ensures every step is taken in execution process gets scrutinised. In
case of any diversion from the project goal, the IT Governance infrastructures point it out and
hence guides the way to mitigate the issue that has been taking place. Monitoring of the
execution process of the shopping malls is also performed by COBIT 5 (Pereira, Ferreira and
Amaral 2017). With the help of COBIT 5, business execution monitoring reaches a whole
new level and hence, proper management of the business process takes place. The working
principles on which the entire COBIT 5 processing is based on including adequate control of
the stakeholders that are involved in the process. This has been a significant issue that will be
benefitting the execution process of the shopping malls that are constructed by Westfield
Group (Haes and Grembergen 2016). Audit department of the business organisation is also
helped after the implementation of COBIT 5. As the functional process of COBIT 5 is
globally acclaimed, the central aspect that is taken into consideration includes better
processing of the execution of the shopping mall activities.

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Achieving strategic goals have been the primary aspect that will be taken into
consideration for the better data transaction process. With the help of the data transaction
process, the central element that will be considered is that COBIT 5 helps in introducing
innovation in the processing of business management. New strategies will be developed as
per the data set that is generated via the COBIT 5 platform (Huygh et alo, 2018). With the
introduction of the policy, the main benefit the shopping mall created by Westfield Group
will enjoy is that a competitive edge will be gained. Hence proper management of the
business process is performed. Cost optimisation has been one of the significant benefits that
will be received as per the commencing of the business execution of the shopping malls.
Managing of IT-related risks has been acting as an added advantage for COBIT 5.
Ethical issues due to shifting to a digital platform
As per the implementation of the digital platform, the main point that will be present
includes the presence of several ethical issues that will arise in the process. With the
convenience provided by the digital platform, the ethical dilemma is also current (Staab
2017). This indicates the fact that the strategy development for mitigating the same ethics-
related issues are essential for bettering the execution process of the business (Shende et al,
2017). Westfield Group who have aimed for the processing of the implementation process of
the digital platform needs to aware of the issues that are present and needs to be concerned
regarding the mitigation of the ethical process (Van Kerrebroeck, Brengman and Willems
2017).
The main ethical issues that will affect the business management process includes
data breaching issues, privacy-related issues and tracking of buyers will also be an issue. The
benefits that are provided by the frictionless car parking system will also be having problems
ethical in its processing.

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After the implementation of the digital platform, a unique methodology of shopping
experience is to be received by the clients. This unique feature that the clients will be
enjoying will be coming up with the glitch of the ethical dilemma. Privacy issue will be the
primary concern that affects the process of digital platform implementation (Ram 2017). As
the entire process of shopping will be performed via a digital platform, the buyer needs to log
in the device in the initial stage while entering the shopping mall. Only after logging in the
application of the shopping mall, an individual can start up the shopping process. The app
that will be used by the system will be providing brief navigation of the shopping mall with
the benefit of real time tracking (Blitz 2016). This implementation of the actual tie tracking
process, the buyers will be enjoying real time navigation regarding the stores that are present
in the shopping mall. This constant tracking of the individual without one’s concern is
considered to be an ethical issue. This moral issue is deemed to be a serious ethical issue that
is present. In case the buyer forgets to log out of the app after he leaves the shopping mall
still data will be generated and stored in the database system of the shopping mall. This
system also tracks the location the buyer is in inside the mall. With each step taken the data
of the site of the individual gets updated, and hence they can get to know in which section
one is currently present. This is considered to be a significant risk that is present (Frishammar
et al, 2018).
Again, with the usage of the digital platform, the man concern that is present includes
the fact that the cash transaction is made via digital platforms. One can be cashless and yet
shop whatever he wants. Withholding, benefits that are received due to the digitisation of the
payment process, there are glitches in the process as well. The main glitch that is present is
that the data of the individuals can be stored during their payment process. In case the
payment is made via cards or digital platform, the receiver gets the complete access of the
data of the sender. In case an imposter wants to gain access to the data that are stored in the

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data set of the transaction process. In case the imposters can get the data of the buyers, they
can act on behalf of them. In the case of the imposters act on behalf of the genuine customers
and perform financial transactions, the client will be affected negatively. Fetching of the
money that is present in the bank by the imposters will be changing the social and economic
condition of the victim
Integration of AI in the system has been benefitting the process of guiding the buyers
to reach the products that they want. This has been increasing the convenience of the people
using the facility. Despite the processing of the daily deeds in a better manner, the ethical
issue remains in the system. This moral issue includes the fact that better handling of data
management is performed as per the commencing of data management. That gathering of
data has been a significant issue that is present in the system. With this technology, data are
collected that helps in analysing the human nature of the buyers. This process helps in
understanding the likes and dislikes of the system. This likes and hatred of the system enable
the fact that better establishment of the requirement of the individual can be plotted. This
plotting of the condition of the project will ensure that the clients get to see advertisements of
the products that they want to buy. This insists that the data that are collected are not with the
concern of the clients. Again, in cases, the clients are unwilling to see the advertisements start
on just a click. This is considered to be a significant ethical issue that is present.
With the introduction of the frictionless car parking system, parking process of the
cars get easier. This insists the fact that the data collected for the tracking of the parking place
emphasises the fact that better management of the parking place is done but here lies an issue.
The issue is regarding the data collection process of the data of the cars are collected might
be used for tracking of the vehicles with the GPS connectivity system. These are the major
ethical dilemmas that are present in the system.

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Governance issues
Governance issues have been increasing ever since the introduction of the digital
platform. The cost that is incurred in imbibing the installation of the governance framework
has been considerably high. This high expenditure does not earn any revenue for the
implementing company. Hence the cost efficiency of the business organisation decreases.
This decrease in cost efficiency results in a better unnecessary increase in the business
administration process.
Innovation in strategies is considered as the original principal value of any shopping mall. In
case a shopping mall has changed in there, gaining new customers and retaining the old
customers will be easy for the business organisation. Again, with the implementation of the
digital platform introducing strategy gets easier. Hence the policies that are implemented will
lead to the fact that better management of the business system can be performed. But the
major issue lies that due to data breaching the innovations that were to be implemented will
be known to the imposters, and he can sell the data to the competitors. Hence the competitors
will be performing the same innovation affecting the strategy of the shopping mall.
Pazo can be used as a tool that will be responsible for monitoring the functional
process of shopping malls. With the help of the Pazo, proper reporting will be achieved as per
the regular scheduling of the task. Responses created due to processing tasks scheduled the
employees the issues that are raised by the employees are also recorded. Solving of the
checklist has been performed as per the progress of the regular day to day processing.
Complaints that are lodged are well managed as a separate dashboard is present that deal with
the charges. Hence proper understanding of claims the buyers and therefore, steps that are to
be taken gets easily recognised. Workforce management is also performed via this tool. The
tasks that are to be completed by the people are jotted down. A schedule is prepared. After
preparing the program, a better understanding of the functions that are to be performed will

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get done in the required timeline. Helpdesk management is also shown in a manner that
provides high efficiency in establishing a relationship between the clients and the users. Other
features of Pazo that makes it a unique tool is that the time that is taken for deployment is
much lower. Multiple devices are supported in time. This supporting of the various
equipment provides an edge to the tool, and hence, better efficiency is provided. Real time
tracking is also performed with the help of the device.
Recommendation
Recommendations that are to be implemented are as follows: -
• Usage of a firewall for protecting the digital platform from data breaching.
• Usage of COBIT 5 for IT governance system
• Usage of Pazo as a tool will be beneficial in the process.

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References
Ahlstrom-Vij, H.K. and Dunn, J. eds., 2018. Epistemic consequentialism. Oxford University
Press.
Bartens, Y., De Haes, S., Lamoen, Y., Schulte, F. and Voss, S., 2015, January. On the way to
a minimum baseline in IT governance: using expert views for selective implementation of
COBIT 5. In 2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 4554-
4563). IEEE.
Bleichrodt, H., Eichberger, J., Grant, S., Kelsey, D. and Li, C., 2018. A Test of Dynamic
Consistency and Consequentialism in the Presence of Ambiguity (No. 1803).
Blitz, A., 2016. Beset by the digital revolution successful retailers embrace technology that
enhances customer value. Strategy & Leadership, 44(6), pp.16-24.
Conti, M., Dehghantanha, A., Franke, K. and Watson, S., 2018. Internet of Things security
and forensics: Challenges and opportunities.
Etical framework
Frishammar, J., Cenamor, J., Cavalli-Björkman, H., Hernell, E. and Carlsson, J., 2018.
Digital strategies for two-sided markets: A case study of shopping malls. Decision Support
Systems, 108, pp.34-44.
Granja, F.M. and Rafael, G.D.R., 2017. The preservation of digital evidence and its
admissibility in the court. International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital
Forensics, 9(1), pp.1-18.
Grunwald, A., 2018. 2 Responsibility beyond consequentialism. Responsible Research and
Innovation: From Concepts to Practices.

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Haes, S.D. and Grembergen, W.V., 2016. Enterprise governance of information technology:
achieving alignment and value, featuring COBIT 5.
Huygh, T., De Haes, S., Joshi, A. and Van Grembergen, W., 2018, January. Answering key
global IT management concerns through IT governance and management processes: A
COBIT 5 View. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System
Sciences.
Pereira, C., Ferreira, C. and Amaral, L., 2017, September. IT Value Management Capability
Enabled with COBIT 5 Framework. In European, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern
Conference on Information Systems (pp. 431-446). Springer, Cham.
Ram, S., 2017. Meeting millennials where they shop: Shaping the future of shopping
malls. McKinsey & Company. November, 15.
Shende, P., Mehendarge, S., Chougule, S., Kulkarni, P. and Hatwar, U., 2017, April.
Innovative ideas to improve shopping mall experience over E-commerce websites using
Beacon technology and Data mining algorithms. In 2017 International Conference on
Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Staab, P., 2017. The consumption dilemma of digital capitalism. Transfer: European Review
of Labour and Research, 23(3), pp.281-294.’
Van Kerrebroeck, H., Brengman, M. and Willems, K., 2017. Escaping the crowd: An
experimental study on the impact of a Virtual Reality experience in a shopping
mall. Computers in Human Behavior, 77, pp.437-450.
Wolden, M., Valverde, R. and Talla, M., 2015. The effectiveness of COBIT 5 information
security framework for reducing cyber attacks on supply chain management system. IFAC-
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