Business Decision Making: A Descriptive Statistics Report on Mortality

This report presents a descriptive statistical analysis of child mortality data obtained from UNICEF, focusing on the percentage of children who died due to pneumonia and AIDS in approximately 50 countries. The analysis includes calculations of the mean, median, standard deviation, and correlation coefficient to understand the average death rates and data variability. Histograms visually represent the distribution of deaths caused by pneumonia and AIDS. The correlation coefficient indicates the relationship between these two variables. The report highlights that developing and underdeveloped nations generally experience higher child mortality rates compared to developed nations. Desklib offers a platform to access this and similar solved assignments to aid students in their studies.

Business Decision Making
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Contents
Task 1 Descriptive statistics.......................................................................................................3
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Task 1 Descriptive statistics
For attempting this task we have reviewed the information available on https://data.unicef.org/ The
data set is related to children died due to various diseases in developing and under-developing
countries. The available dataset includes information of approx. 140 countries and child died of
different age groups. It is difficult to present the huge information through descriptive statistics
because it increases the complexity for readers. So we have taken data related to 50 countries and two
reasons due to which deaths of children occur.
AC 2.1 &2.3
(a), (b) Mean and Median for any two numerical columns of your choosing
For descriptive statistics, we have chosen two basic and normal causes of childhood death i.e.
Pneumonia and AIDS. Median provide an average percentage of each cause for children
death in the 50 countries of the global world.
The results are as follows:
a) In case of Pneumonia
Descriptive statistics (Quantitative data):
Statistic X1
Range 24.400
Median 12.200
Mean 10.372
Graphical Presentation
0
5
10
15
20
25 Box plot (X1)
X1
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Analysis: The results shown that on an average 12% deaths are caused due to Pneumonia in
these 50 countries. However, the mean is 10.372 and range is 24.400.
b) In case of AIDS
Descriptive statistics (Quantitative data):
Statistic X1
Range 8.000
Median 0.100
Mean 0.594
Graphical Presentation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Scattergram (X1)
X1
Analysis: on the other hand, the percentage of deaths due to AIDS is only 0.100% which is
very less in comparison to Pneumonia. The median for the same is 0.59% and the range is
8.0.
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(c) The Standard Deviation for these same columns
Standard deviation informs about the variability in the provided quantitative information.
Higher variability indicates that higher dispersion of data and lower deviation indicates that
the data is closely clustered around the available mean.
a) In case of Pneumonia
Descriptive statistics (Quantitative data):
Statistic 16.1
Nbr. of observations 49
Sum of weights 49
Standard deviation (n) 6.162
Graphical presentation
0
5
10
15
20
25
Scattergram (16.1)
16.1
The graph indicates that the date is variable moderately means it is not so close to mean as
calculated above.
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In case of AIDS
Descriptive statistics (Quantitative data):
Statistic X1
Nbr. of observations 50
Sum of weights 50
Standard deviation
(n) 1.290
Graphical Presentation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Scattergram (X1)
X1
Analysis: The variability of data available for analysis is not clustered around the mean, it has
variability at a moderate rate.
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AC 3.1
(d) Histogram
Pneumonia
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
Histogram (Pneumonia)
Pneumonia
Relative frequency
AIDS
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Histogram (AIDS)
AIDS
Relative frequency
AC 2.4
(e) The Correlation Coefficient between these two same columns
Correlation matrix (Pearson):
Variables Pneumonia AIDS
Pneumonia 1 0.204
AIDS 0.204 1
Correlation 0.204
Correlation maps:
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Pneumonia AIDS
Pneumonia
AIDS
Correlation maps:
Summary statistics (Quantitative data):
Variable
Observatio
ns
Obs.
with
missin
g data
Obs.
without
missin
g data
Minimu
m
Maximu
m Mean
Std.
deviatio
n
Pneumon
ia 50 0 50 0.000 24.400 10.372 6.218
AIDS 50 0 50 0.000 8.000 0.594 1.303
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Comment:
The variables taken as data set for calculating descriptive analysis are related to each other
because it provides information about the children died due to diseases like Pneumonia and
AIDS. The calculations provide average death caused due to this disease and the variability
of data from statistical mean. The figures have taken are related to developed, developing and
underdeveloped countries which indicates that developing and underdeveloped nations have
higher death rates in comparison to developed nations. Correlation coefficient calculation
indicates that both the two variables either move upward or downward. Since there is the
positive relationship between the two variables and also there is less positive relationship
because the correlation is less than 0.5.
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