This essay provides a thorough examination of business decision-making processes, focusing on investment appraisal techniques. It begins with an introduction to the importance of financial decision-making in business and then delves into the application of methods such as payback period and Net Present Value (NPV) to evaluate two investment projects: Dishwashing and Software. The essay calculates and compares the payback periods and NPVs for each project, analyzing their implications. It then compares and contrasts the payback period and NPV methods, discussing their merits and demerits. Furthermore, the essay explores financial and non-financial factors that influence investment decisions and their impact on stakeholders. The conclusion summarizes the findings, recommending a course of action based on the analysis. The report is supported by references to relevant academic literature.