This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the business environment, focusing on private, public, and voluntary organizations. It examines the purpose, structure, and scope of Cancer Research, Ryanair, and the National Health Service (NHS). The report delves into the inter-relationship of functions within Cancer Research and how they relate to its structure. It further explores the positive and negative impacts of macro-environmental factors using the PESTEL model, followed by a SWOT analysis of Ryanair. The analysis highlights the interrelationship between Ryanair's strengths and weaknesses and the macro-environmental factors, offering a detailed understanding of the airline's position within the market. The report aims to provide a trainee business analyst's perspective on the dynamic and competitive business landscape, emphasizing the importance of understanding both micro and macro environmental factors for organizational success.