Business Environment Analysis: Ufone, Pakistan Post, PSO Report

This report provides a detailed analysis of the business environment, focusing on three organizations: Ufone, Pakistan Post, and Pakistan State Oil (PSO). It begins with an introduction to the concept of business and its environment, emphasizing the importance of a positive environment for business success. The report then introduces the three selected organizations, providing background information on their operations, services, and market positions. It explores the purpose of business, differentiating between for-profit and not-for-profit organizations, and outlines various legal structures. Different types and sizes of businesses are discussed. The report then identifies the stakeholders of each organization, highlighting their roles and interests. Finally, it examines the relationship between organizational structure, size, and scope, linking these aspects to the business objectives and the products or services offered. Organizational functions and structures, including functional, divisional, and matrix structures, are discussed. The report concludes by analyzing the key elements of organizational structure, such as departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, and centralization/decentralization, as they apply to the selected organizations.

Unit No: 1
BUSINESS AND THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
Submitted To: Sir Raja Sohaib
Submitted By: Omer Aziz
HND Business
1 | P a g e

INTRODUCTION
The word Business comes from the word “Busy”. Business is defined as an organization engaged in
services, manufacturing and trading. “The performance of the business largely depends on the
business environment where a positive business environment enables the firm to operate effectively
and profitably, along with achieving competitive edges” (Baron,
2012).A business needs some form of investment and sufficient customers for whom it can consisten
tly market its production to make a profit. Business environment makes it easier to identify business
opportunities. It is a compilation of all internal and external variables which includes the needs and
expectations of consumers and workers, supply and demand of the organisation, their economic
changes and government operations
Introduction of organizations
Ufone, Pakistan Post and Pakistan State Oil are the 3 organization that I have selected for this
assignment.
Ufone:
Pak Telecom Mobile Limited or Ufone started its operation in Pakistan on January 29,2001. It was
third mobile operator to enter Pakistan market. Ufone became a part of the Emirates
Telecommunication Corporation Group (Etisalat) in 2006.(Ufone,2020) Ufone is second leading
cellular network in Pakistan and is also running in some countries of Middle East and Asia.
Pakistan Post:
Pakistan Post Office is one of the Pakistan oldest state departments. In 1947 it started to actas the P
ost & Telegraph Department. It was separated from the Telegraph & Telephone in 1962
and started to operate as an independent department. (Pakpost.2016) Pakistan post is providing its
services across Pakistan through a network of 13000 post offices.
Pakistan State Oil:
PSO is a Karachi based Pakistani state-owned multinational petroleum corporation. The Government
merges PNO and POCL into SOCL (State Oil Company Limited) and renames it Pakistan State Oil
Company Limited (PSO). PSO is involved in marketing and distribution of petroleum products in
Pakistan. PSO is one of largest fuel Marketing company in Pakistan covering 60% of petroleum
market share. (PSO, 2020)
Purpose of Business
There are 3 purpose of Business for profit, not for profit and NGO. A for
profit organization is one whose primary objective is to make money. This stands in contrast to a no
tfor profit organization that insists on getting itself running. A non-governmental organization (NGO)
is any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized on a local, national or international
level.
2 | P a g e

Legal Structure
Sole proprietorship, Partnership, Limited Liability Companies, Public and private limited companies
are types of business. A sole proprietorship also known as sole trader, is a simple business operated
by a single person. A business partnership is a specific type of legal relationship formed between two
or more individual to carry on the business as co-owners. (thebalancesmb,2019)
The best way to set up a large company is to establish a limited liability company. The limited liability
company is a newer business structure that provides several benefits to its members. There are tax
advantages for limited liability companies. The private limited company all shares are bought by
group of people. There are limited number of shares in private limited company. Shares of Private
Limited Company cannot be publicly traded. In public limited companies there are unlimited shares
open for everyone and company is not under control of few people public owns it. A public limited
company shares are purchased and sold on the market. They are freely transferred among the
members and the people trading on stock markets.
Type of Businesses
There are three types of Businesses: Services, Manufacturing and Trading. A service type of business
provides intangible products. Examples of service businesses are salons, repair shops, schools and
banks. (Accountingverse,2020) In manufacturing business products are bought in form of raw
materials to make a new product. A manufacturing business combines raw materials, labour, and
overhead costs in its production process. In trading type business product are bought from
wholesale market and sells the product at retail price. They make profit by selling product at higher
price than their purchase points. Examples are grocery stores, convenience stores, distributors, and
other resellers. (Accountingverse,2020)
Size of Businesses
Micro, small, medium and large are different size of business. A micro business often functions as
sole proprietorship. It operates with less capital with fewer than 10 workers. Small business often
functions as sole proprietorship or partnership. Small business has 10 to 49 employees with more
annual revenue than micro business. Owner of small business must pay tax to government, but tax
amount varies on the income or turnover for the past year. Medium level business has employees
more than 50 and less than 250.Most of employees are working with a sign contract with company
in which both agrees to some term and conditions. Large business has 250+ employees and with a
big annual turnover. Large business has high turnover and have to pay tax separately from their
owner.
Stake Holders
Stake holders can be individual, group or organization that is affected by a project's outcome. They
have interest in success of organization.
3 | P a g e

UFONE
Ufone is a For profit organization. Ufone has focused on the people of Pakistan, empowering them
with the most relevant communication modes and services that enable them to do a lot more than
just talk, at a price that suits them the most.(Ufone,2020)Ufone is running it services at international
level by giving roaming and different facilities to their international customers. Type of business
which Ufone provide us is services. Ufone have 22 million subscribers. Ufone has network coverage
in 9,000+ locations and across Pakistan. Ufone has 288 live
operators in more than 160 countries. Ufone have over 1500
employees. Customers are the main stakeholders of Ufone.
Customer, Government, Suppliers of handset with sim card, Mobile
tower Builder and Employees. (Ufone, 2020)
PAKISTAN POST
Pakistan post is Not for Profit organization of Pakistan government. It is one of the oldest
departments of Pakistan. Main purpose of this department is to give services facility to citizens of
Pakistan. Pakistan Post is providing delivery services to about 20 million households and businesses
as community service. It is a national level organization with
13000 post office across Pakistan. Pakistan post does not have
any shareholder, it run on the 18 billion budgets of Pakistan.
This organization have 47348 employees. (tribune,2019).
Customer, Employees, Government, Stamp and envelope
production company are stake holders of Pakistan post.
(Pakpost, 2020)
PAKISTAN STATE OIL
PSO is a For profit organization running in Pakistan. It is one of
leading company in Pakistan petroleum market. Its main mission is
to gain leadership in the energy market of Pakistan through
providing the best quality petroleum products and services possible
to their customers. PSO is using state of art methods of production
and technology, in order to produce high quality petroleum
products. PSO try their best to fulfil all legal requirements, using
ethical production methods, focusing on HR and skill development
along with training of their employees. Since this is a state-owned
company, its aims are also to provide high quality goods at lowest
possible price. PSO is operating in Private sector (It is not owned by
the government, but instead by Private companies and individuals).PSO is a public limited
company ,meaning its share will be listed on the stock market exchange.AS it cover 60% of Pakistan
petroleum market with 3000+ employees. As is the case with most companies, PSO’s main
stakeholders are there customers. They play a main role as they are the people who purchase
company’s products, meaning without them no sale can be possible. Employees, government, local
community, suppliers, and distributors are also part of stakeholders. (PSO, 2020)
4 | P a g e

Now we’re going to analyse how the structure, size and scope of these three organizations link to
their business objectives and the products or services which they’re offering. The size, scope and
structure of any organization relate to business organization goals. It has clear implications over the
business purposes, products and services. Every organisation set their goal depending on their size.
If organisation is large with big turnover, then they set big target for their organisation. Then comes
the business scope from which every organisation must set their business objectives. Organisation
can set their scope at local, national and international level depending on their goals. If an
organisation wants to serve national level customer than they will set their business objective
accordingly. Every organization has a set target, but it is only possible to reach target when
organisation have proper organisation structure with proper trained employees who have
knowledge about their role.
Organisational Functions
Organisational function is set of activities perform in a business. These activities are divided in
department, which are organised by department manager. Some of them are Operations, human
resources, marketing, finance and warehousing. Organisational functions are divided in two
categories front-office functions and back-office functions. Front office functions are those who deals
with the customer directly and on the other hand, back office function supports the activities of
front office and doesn’t play any role in direct dealing with the customers. Front office function
includes sales, marketing and customer services. Back office functions have human resource, IT,
finance and warehousing. Front office is known as company revenue-generating as they research
and develop solution. Back office functions play an important role are success for mostly
organisational, but they are not recognised by customers.
Organisational Structure
There are different types of organisation structure. Some of them are functional structure, divisional
structure and Matrix structure. Organization choose their organizational structure base on size,
geographic location and customer response. (Leonard, 2018)
Functional structure: In functional structure organisation is divided into department depending on
their function. Group of employees are assigned under the supervision of manager/director for the
role. This type of function organisation is suitable for business dealing with operation, like
manufacturing industries. Employees are grouped by their knowledge and skills, allowing them to
high performance. Their roles and responsibilities are fixed, employees feel secure. Cooperation is
excellent within department. The major drawback of functional structure is employees feel bored
with repetitive work. Decision making is slow due to the bureaucratic hierarchy. (Usmani, 2019)
Divisional structure: In divisional structure, each organisational function has its own division. Each
division contains the necessary resources and functions needed to support the product line and
geography. The main advantage of this structure is the independent operational flow. The failure of
one sector doesn’t effect the others. It’s not perfect either, increase in accounting taxes can be a
major drawback for this structure.
5 | P a g e

Matrix structure: In a matrix organisational structure, the relationship is set up in grids. It is a type
of organizational management in which people with similar skills are pooled for work assignments,
resulting in more than one manager to report to.
There are six basic element of organisational structure which help the leader to establish the
company overall structure. (Leonard, 2018) Departmentalization, chain of command, span of
control, centralization or decentralization, work specialization and the degree of formalization are
the six elements on which the organizational structure stands.
Departmentalization: Group of workers with same function make a department. They are often
divided into different categories such as functional, product, geographical, process and customer.
Some of common company department includes marketing, finance and sales. Ufone have Finance,
Marketing, sales, IT, customer operations, engineering and human resources department.
Chain of command: It is mostly use in every organisation today. It shows us who reports to who in
the human resource structure. In Ufone by chain of command we mean the right to give order to the
subordinates.
Span of control: Each manager has a limit of employee who are under his control. IF the limit
increase, he might lose his effectiveness and not recognize problems or successes. In Ufone three
subordinates are working under single manager and those subordinates have further two employees
working under them.
Centralization or Decentralization: The decision is made by managers and are carried out by
employees. Central official includes chief executive officer, chief operating officer and chief
marketing officer. In Ufone whole setup is centralized all the matters are to be reported to the head
office and all the policies and targets are approved at higher level, but at branch level the structure is
decentralized.
Work specialization: Employees are given tasks according to their work positions, experiences,
education, and skills. Ufone use high work specialization to provide best service to their customers.
The degree of formalization: Big organization are way more formalizes then smaller organizations.
They need to make sure their right employees get work done on time and correctly. The
formalization in Ufone is very high. There are written rules and procedures to be followed by
everyone, but that is for the benefit of every worker working in the organization.
6 | P a g e

Ufone organisational structure:
Pakistan post is directly managed by government of Pakistan as it is non-profit organization and is
providing it services across Pakistan. There’s board of directors who manages all the position. Under
BOD services are done at three levels- the circle level, Regional level and district level. Each circle is
led by a postmaster general and its territorial authority extends to a province.
Pakistan state oil is running its services across Pakistan covering most of Pakistan fuel industry. Its
organisation chart is led by board of management, HR, Finance and Audit. Board of management is
led by management director (Jahangir Ali Shah) further divided in retail, HR and finance. Every
province has its own executive director followed by G.M and D.G.M.
TASK 2
Organization Environment
Every organisation either business or non-business, has its working environment. Organisation
environments represent internal and external factors. The organisation environment is always
dynamic. An organization’s operations are affected by both types of environments.
Internal Environment
Forces or conditions within the boundary of the organization are the elements of the internal
environment of the organization. The internal environment generally consists of those elements
within the boundary of organization such as organization’s owner, board of directors, physical
resources, financial resources, HR, information resources and technological resources.
7 | P a g e
Board Of Directors
CEO
Marketing & Sales
Project Director
HR & Admin
Customer Care
EngineeringFinance

External Environment
Factors outside the organization are the element of external environment.
The external environment includes all general environmental factors. External environment is
broken down in to two type:
 Micro environment
 Macro environment.
Micro and macro environments have a significant impact on the success of marketing activities. (S,
2020 )
Positive and Negative effects of macro factors
Ufone: Ufone is one of the leading telecommunication company in Pakistan. Ufone has a strong
recognition in market
Advantages: By consistently providing quality service and coverage, Ufone has capture significant
market share. The macro environment such as few quality coverage brand in Pakistan have allowed
Ufone to gather attention. Ufone is also making low rate packages and specially targeting youth as
they are majority user of packages. Ufone is using strong marketing department to promote it
services and increase its sales.
Disadvantages: At the same time, macro factor prove negative as well. There is a strong competition
in telecom sector about who has more consumers. People are getting aware about packages and
know better about which network is deducting more services charges. The exchange rate of currency
has a major impact on business.
PSO: Pakistan State Oil (PSO) is Pakistan petroleum company involved in marketing and distributing
of oil across Pakistan.
Advantages: As PSO cover majority share of oil market in Pakistan. They have got best and pure
quality fuel which attract lots of consumer to uses there service mostly. They also provide
membership from which you avail different offers. PSO can easily get loans because of big name and
market.
Disadvantages: The main disadvantage is change in foreign currency. The increasing awareness
among people of mixed and low-quality fuel. PSO also has strong competition in market with SHELL
and TOTAL.
Micro Environment
Micro environment consist of five element: Customer, competitor, supplier, marketing
intermediaries and public. Customer plays the main role in this environment and their interest in
your product will depend on your marketing of the product with good service provided by you.
Nowadays every successful business has range of competitors, who sell similar product and services
provided by your organization. You have to keep a close eye on your competitor that how they are
selling their product similar to yours and at what price. Supplier holds the key for success of your
business. They hold the power when they are the only or the largest supplier of their goods.
Marketing promote your product and create awareness about your product to people.
Advertisement is part of marketing. Your organisation has a duty to satisfy the public. The public
holds the power of your success to reach your goals, they can also prevent you from achieving them
if your any action has a chance of harming public.
8 | P a g e

Macro Environment
Macro environment consists those external factors which are uncontrollable and affect the
strategies of your organisation. These factors include political, economic, social, technological, legal
and environmental. Government change in policies and activities play an important role in the
growth of your business. For example, government provide subsidy and change in tax policies which
can affect your business easily. Change of leadership by country elections can also affect business
like current situation of Pakistan which is showing us that because of unstable government
businesses are not growing at the same rate as they were growing before. Economic factors depend
on national and international environment. The foreign exchange rate is the example of
international environment as there is daily variation in exchange rate. Social factor includes target
customers of the organisation, changing in their taste and preferences, customer attitudes and
value. If business produce product like customer taste than it effects organisation positively.
Technological factors include new technology and skills for producing products. This factor is
growing day by day in every organisation. Legal factor includes change in legal policies and
regulations. All organisation terms are running are legal regulation like product and services
regulations. Lastly, Environmental factor have a big impact on business as it depends on your
business location and its surrounding like climate change which can affect your business trade. Every
organisation uses some of natural resources like agriculture, forest and sea products. Lot of
organisation start their business on that site where there in demand natural resources are easily
available.
Pestle Analysis
Pest or Pestle analysis stand for political,
economic, social, technological, legal and
environmental. Pestle analysis is used by
organisation to track and analysis the
macro environment in which organisation is
working in. Now I will tell pestle analysis
used n Ufone.
Political analysis: In political analysis any
government interference in business is
check. It may include government policy,
tax policy, oversea market and political
stability. Current government situation in
Pakistan which is not stable. Environment is investor non-friendly and
telecommunication sector is under regulations. Before WTO implementation government
already took steps in regulation of telecommunication sector.
Economic analysis: Economic environment can impact both organisation production and consumer
decision making process. Economic factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates,
inflation, and disposal income of consumers and so on. Ufone introduced per second billing and
labour of our society can be targeted.
Social analysis: In this values, beliefs and attribute of the customer includes. In Pakistan most of the
people dislike anything extraordinary or something which is sabotage their culture. Ufone mostly
produce their advertisement in English language as it targets upper end of the market.
9 | P a g e

Technological analysis: In this new technology, skill and knowledge is require producing goods.
Ufone have technology with which they can compete in Pakistan and now they are investing in their
infrastructure to not only expand but also to update their existing structure. Ufone shifted whole
network from 900Mhz to 1800Mhz offer value added services like GPRS.
Legal analysis: Analysis of legal factors include health and safety, equal opportunities,
advertisements standards, consumer rights and laws etc (D., Margea, C., Hurbean, L. & Artene, A.S.
2014). Ufone is trying to bring equality for their user by making packages according to user budget.
Environmental analysis: Due to safety of natural resources environmental analysis is very important.
Ufone is trying their best to use eco-friendly telecommunication system and avoiding to use natural
places which can harm the nature.
Internal and External Analysis
Internal and External environment factors affect your business organisation. Whenever you are
about to decide to make any organisational decision, you have to analysis internal and external
factors. Organisation can easily identify their weakness and strength by doing internal and external
environment analysis.
Internal analysis: Internal analysis helps to identify its capability and availability of resources.
Resources involve value
system, physical resources such as plant and equipment, human resources, organizational
structure and cultural resources.
SWOT analysis
SWOT stand for Strength, weakness, opportunity,
and threat. This analysis is done to describe the
Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
that are strategic factors for a specific organisation.
Strength and weakness are based in internal
environmental factors of organisation whereas
opportunity and threat are based in external
environmental factors. (Sheikh, 2016)
Strength analysis of Ufone
Every organisation success relies on its strengths. Ufone is one of Pakistan main leading
telecommunication company and is running business from 2001. Ufone is Pakistan second GSM
network. Ufone has the latest technology as compared to any other mobile company. As
government is backing Ufone, it can get as many fund as required by them to introduce the new
technology. Ufone provide less rate service than their competitors. Ufone was the first cellular
company in Pakistan, which introduced the GPRS service and therefore, took advantage. Ufone have
efficient and friendly customer.
Weakness analysis of Ufone
There is no organisation in world which don’t have any weakness (Thomas Bush 24 june 2016)(
https://pestleanalysis.com/swot-analysis-weaknesses-definition-examples/). Ufone main weakness
is less coverage in remote areas. Ufone haven’t provide successful 5g coverage to urban area of
10 | P a g e

Pakistan. Ufone has no proper planning to cater the excessive demand. Rates call on Ufone to Ufone
network is cheap, but to other networks their fees is expensive. Its coverage on southern part of
Pakistan is good but in Northern areas its coverage is a bit poor.
Opportunities analysis of Ufone
Opportunities is a chance for an organisation to improve with its weakness and preformation. The
main opportunity for Ufone is to grow its network across other cities specially in remote area and
that area where other networks haven’t provided their services. As they are the subsidiary of PTCL,
they can acquire as many funds needed to improve their technology. Ufone must introduce more
services and packages to attract young people into it. Ufone can introduce fiber optics services by
provide wired internet to homes and offices like Nayatel and Ptcl. Ufone has the ability to expand
globally.
Threats analysis of Ufone
Threat are the forces which aims is to reduce the performance of an organisation and can affect
economic value. The main threat to Ufone which will always remain is government interference in
terms of taxes. The competitor of Ufone are growing faster by providing more coverage in different
cities of Pakistan. Paktel also now has GSM technology that is another threat for Ufone. Zong
introducing of 5G network in Pakistan can be threat to Ufone.
Strength analysis of Pakistan State Oil (PSO)
The main strength of PSO is that its one of Pakistan economy leading public sector company,
which has help Pakistan economy grow. PSO cover Pakistan 60% oil market. PSO is Pakistan first
public sector company to pass 1 trillion rupees revenue mark. PSO has Pakistan largest oil storage
capacity than other oil companies across Pakistan. PSO is also providing membership to their daily
customer to avail discounts and offers. PSO has Pakistan largest oil distribution network near 3500+
outlets across Pakistan. (researchandmarkets, 2019)
Weakness analysis of PSO
PSO competitor includes Shell and Caltex which are coming up with modern technology outlets and
giving PSO tuff time in oil Pakistan. PSO has a high number of unsatisfied customers because of not
being promptly addressed. Quality assurance is not effective to build image of “Quality and
Quantity”.
Opportunities analysis of PSO
With current resources, PSO can expand it market by introducing new lubricant products. PSO can
target Pakistan neighbouring country Afghanistan and become their oil suppliers. Industrial and
trade growth in Pakistan is nice opportunity for PSO as they are adding revenue in power sector that
is major customer of PSO.
Threats analysis of PSO
The main threat to PSO is from their suppliers of oil, who are following a policy of forward
integration. New technology like solar powered transport can be also a threat for PSO as it will
11 | P a g e

decrease the demand of sales and customers. More competitor like Shell providing better fuel
quality are converting PSO customer to them.
Strength analysis of Pakistan Post
Pakistan post is one of Pakistan oldest government department, which is one of the reasons of most
trusted used courier service in Pakistan. Pakistan post is covering mostly every area of Pakistan
whether it is rural or urban with 12343 offices. Pakistan post has Pakistan largest human as well as
physical interface.
Weakness analysis of Pakistan Post
Slow service with lack of technology used is one main weakness of Pakistan Post. The staff is not well
trained and there are lot of complains about staff rude behaviour. Pakistan Post has not done any
improvement in there marketing.
Opportunities analysis of Pakistan Post
Pakistan Post can take advantage of their vast infrastructure and can grow their market with
upgraded technology. Pakistan Post can improve their staff by giving them good training with
motivation. They can explore new business avenue.
Threat analysis of Pakistan Post
As there are private companies like TCS and M&P which are reliable and fast with better services are
taking Pakistan post market and customer which is a big threat. Use of modern technology like email
is putting declined to letter sending which is also threat. More employees being hired than demand
is also damaging Pakistan Post.
TOWS Analysis
Tows analysis is an extension of Swot analysis and it stand for Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses
and Strengths. TOWS help you to generate, compare and then select one or more strategies. It is
generated from your SWOT analysis. There are four TOWS strategies: Strength/Opportunity (SO),
Weakness/Opportunity (WO), Strength/Threat (ST) and Weakness/Threat (WT). Now I will do TOWS
analysis of Ufone.
Strength/Opportunity (SO): AS it is one of leading and most experienced telecommunication
company in Pakistan it has opportunity of increasing its services to each city and especially rural
areas with better quality.
Weakness/Opportunity (WO): Ufone haven’t successfully launch 5G network in Pakistan as their
opponent is working hard with 5G coverage and came up with successful 5G launch test. Ufone has
opportunity to invest in 5G network coverage and give fast communication network to their user
and attract other network customer toward their network.
Strength/Threat (ST): Ufone is offering some exciting and energetic packages for there customer
specially youth with cheap internet packages but because of government inference in terms of tax
packages does not survive for long and there are lot of changes in call and SMS rates.
12 | P a g e

Weakness/Threat (WT): The biggest weakness of Ufone is that company is unable to meet the
demand, they often face problems and network jammed on special occasion like Eid, new year etc.
Ufone competitor take benefit form this and they are making their network strong on that places
where Ufone is having problem or haven’t started their services. For example, Zong and Telenor are
away ahead of Ufone in northern area coverage.
D2
There are two type of environment on which business organisation is
working. First is micro and the second macro environment.
Micro environment is concerned with internal environment of an
organisation it include following factors:
 Investor: Investor are those who provide finance resources to
organisation. For example, Pakistan state oil is public Ltd company,
owned by government have market share in stock market and
people of Pakistan can purchase those share.
 Worker: Worker come in human resource without with it is
impossible for a company to run. They have direct impact on
environment. PSO have 3500+ workers across Pakistan which are
making possible for PSO to work
 Customer: Like worker, customer is also very important because
they are the people who buy the products of your company. If
customer change their preferences and taste it will affect the
company. If PSO customer stop using their lubricant and prefer Shell
or another company it will affect PSO. It may change economical
change
 Competitor: In this world competition is growing day by day because
of growing and developing marketing. Competitors are those who
provide similar product of yours. Like competitor of PSO are Shell,
Caltex and Total.
Macro environment: This include external factor in which an organisation
operates. Following are the factor:
 Economical factor: Foreign exchange rate and interest rate are the
example of economical factors. For example, PSO buy oil mostly
from Gulf states in exchange of dollars or their respected currency.
As you know in Pakistan Dollar rate fluctuate daily so it affects the
price list of the market.
 Natural factors: The renewal and non-renewal natural raw material
used by organisation.
 Technological factors: Change in the production of material with
new skilled method.
13 | P a g e

References
(2019, 11 19). Retrieved from researchandmarkets:
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/1291758/
pakistan_state_oil_co_ltd_pso_financial_and
(2020, 2 26). Retrieved from PSO: https://psopk.com/
(2020). Retrieved from Pakpost: http://www.pakpost.gov.pk/about.php
(2020). Retrieved from Ufone: https://www.ufone.com/
Leonard, K. (2018, 10 23). Retrieved from smallbusiness: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/six-
elements-organizational-design-18039.html
S, S. (2020 , 2 3). Retrieved from keydifferences: https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-
micro-internal-and-macro-external-environment.html
Sheikh, F. (2016, 12 24). Retrieved from slideshare: https://www.slideshare.net/FahedSheikh/ufone-
swot-70423910
Usmani. (2019). Retrieved from pmstudycircle: https://pmstudycircle.com/2012/08/what-is-a-
functional-organization-structure/
14 | P a g e

15 | P a g e