This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the business environment, focusing on the structures, functions, and operations of three distinct companies: IKEA, ASDA, and the British Red Cross. Part A of the report offers an overview of private, public, and voluntary sectors, defining their scope, purpose, legal structures, and sizes. It delves into the background details of each company, including their products and services, size and scope, vision, mission, objectives, organizational and legal structures, and key stakeholders. The report further examines the interrelationship between various organizational functions like marketing, HRM, operations, and finance, illustrating how they link to organizational structure and objectives. Part B conducts a PESTLE analysis of ASDA, evaluating its political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors. Additionally, a SWOT analysis is performed to identify ASDA's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and their interrelation with external macro factors. The report concludes by critically evaluating how these factors influence decision-making procedures within the companies, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of the business environment.