Business Environment Analysis of TESCO and Organizational Functions

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the business environment, focusing on organizational structures, functions, and their interrelationships. It examines different types of organizations, including public, private, and voluntary sectors, with specific examples of TESCO, NHS, and Oxfam. The report delves into the size, scope, and objectives of these organizations, exploring their products, services, and stakeholders. Furthermore, it analyzes the interrelationship between various organizational functions such as marketing, HR, production, R&D, IT, and finance. The report also utilizes PESTLE and SWOT analyses to assess the macro and micro environments impacting businesses, including political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors, along with strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Finally, it concludes by summarizing the key findings and insights gained from the analysis.

BUSINESS AND BUSINESS
ENVIRONMENT

Contents
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 3
TASK 1........................................................................................................................ 3
P1. Different types of organisations with their Purposes and Legal Structures.......3
P2 Size and Scope of various types of organisation................................................5
TASK 2........................................................................................................................ 7
P3. Interrelationship between different Organisational Functions and Their Linkage
with Organisational Objectives and Structure.........................................................7
TASK 2........................................................................................................................ 8
P4 Positive and negative impact of macro environment upon business
organisation............................................................................................................ 8
TASK 4...................................................................................................................... 11
P5. SWOT Analysis of Both Public and Private Sector Organisation.......................11
P6. Interrelationship of External Macro Factors with Strengths and Weaknesses. 12
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................ 13
REFERENCES............................................................................................................ 15

INTRODUCTION
Business environment is defined as a situation in which business of an organisation
survives and sustains in marketplace so that high revenues can be earned. It includes
technologies, suppliers, market conditions, investors, rivals and other aspects which impacts an
organizational business in any manner. There are different types of business firm like public,
voluntary and private companies which have different scope and vision but main aim of these
firms is to retain their customers for maximum time period. This assignment is prepared in
context with TESCO which is a UK based private organisation offering grocery products to their
customers. Also, some information will be provided about public and voluntary organisation.
This report will also discuss about the scope, mission, vision, background, products and services
offered by this firm. Also, interrelation among organizational departments is carried out. At last,
with the help of PESTLE and SWOT, macro & micro environment of business will be analyzed
in a detailed manner.
TASK 1
P1. Different types of organisations with their Purposes and Legal Structures
Business organisation is stated as a group of human association that is established for
attaining goals and targets so that high outcomes can be gained. Main aim of these firms is to
either earn maximised\profits or satisfying the urges of people via social care and benefits.
Below is mentioned some information about different kind of organisations existing in business
environment:
Public Sector Organizations: This sector involves those companies that are financed and
owned by government and their officials on the behalf of common people. Main purpose of these
firm is to help common people of society in sustaining a good life. For example, NHS. It is a
central government owned public sector organisation.
Purpose: Main purpose of public firms is to offer health care service to common people by using
available resources in optimal manner.
Legal structure:
 Central government: It gather funds from individuals in the form of public tax. This
government operates business organisation in entire country.

 Local government: This government collect money from people as council tax and they
manage affairs of people within towns, cities and local area.
 State government: They have power to manage the affairs of entire state and possess
specific power which is applicable on certain fields.
Private sector organisations: This sector involves those firms that are established and
maintained by private enterprises or individuals. These firms can either managed by a single
individuals or in partnership. For instance, TESCO which is a PLC operating in global manner,
mainly in US, UK and other European nation (Hillary, 2017).
Purpose: Aim of these companies is to earn maximized revenues and profits so that big
advantage over rivals can be attained without any complexities.
Legal Structures:
 Sole proprietorship: Under this legal structure, a person manages and own business
individually in hope to earn high sales and profits. To operate as a sole proprietor, a
person requires licence from local government.
 Partnership: It is an association of people which manage a business and share profits as
per their stocks. To work in partnership, people are required to sign a contract where they
decided to pay debts or share profits as per their agreed proportions.
 Limited Company: In order to became limited company, these firms are needed to
register themselves. Profits of these firms, belong to the organisation rather than
shareholders. These firms have to pay corporate tax every year on their earned profit. For
example, TESCO is a public limited company.
Voluntary organisations: These firms include a group of people which are willing to work
together so that their common objective can be fulfilled without any compromise. One example
is Oxfam which is a charity firm works to reduce poverty among common people (Georgescu
and Popescul, 2015.
Purpose: Maim aim of these firms is to offer facilities and welfare to the people in free so that
they can live a healthy life without facing the shortage of money.
Legal structure:

 Trust: It is not a legal entity that means these firms do not enter in any agreement but
fulfil the needs of people as per their goals. Oxfam is a trust based voluntary
organisation.
 Association: These firms are also not a legal entity but they entered into an agreement
and works in accordance with that to serves the requirements of people.
Growth of International Business Environment
As multiple company operates in same field and offer same products, domestic market
reaches to a saturation state were customers do not prefer to buy services and products of a
company. To overcome this situation, business firms have started their business operations in
international market. This allow them to satisfy the urge of maximised customer base due to
which reaching business targets became busy. Also, to became popular in global manner,
business firms do internal businesses and this enhances the growth of international business in
global context (Evans and et. al., 2017).
P2 Size and Scope of various types of organisation
There exists different type of companies i.e. public, voluntary and private firms that have
different purpose, scope, mission and vision. Structure, working and size of these companies also
varies from one another which is depicted below:
NHS: National health service is a UK based public organisation that provide health care
facilities to the people of nation.
 Product and services: This firm provides healthcare facilities and services such as
medical care, ears test, eye tests or other health treatments to citizens of nation in free.
 Size and scope: This firm have more than 200 clinic and health centres in UK and other
regions which are managed by around 1.5 million service providers. Scope and size of
NHS is wide as the firm spends around 115 billion pounds each year to offer services to
needy people.
 Vision and mission: Vision of firm is to provide free medical services to needy people in
and outside UK. Mission of company is to connect with those service providers that are
ready to offer free service to people without charging them money.
 Business objective: Prime objective of firm is to provide emergency treatment and
services to individuals without charging them minimum amount (Charter, 2017).

 Stakeholders: Main stakeholders of NHS are their investors, service providers, local
community, patients etc.
TESCO PLC: It is a PLC that is established around 100 years back and provide grocery
& other daily use products to customers in genuine price.
 Product and Services: The products which are provided by TESCO are grocery items,
non-household products like electronics, books, clothes etc.
 Size and scope: Company is one of the biggest retailer in terms of supermarket and
operates more than 6800 stores in global context and employing around 4,00,000
employees worldwide. Company have high scope in offering processed and frozen food
as people will buy them more to reduce their cooking work.
 Vision and mission: Main mission of company is to earn maximised profits against
rivals and vision of firm is to provide high quality of products to their customers by
charging limited amount.
 Business Objectives: Major aim to company is to offer discounts to customers so that
company can get high sales without any difficulties.
 Stakeholder: Stakeholders of Tesco includes investors, employees and suppliers who
supply products to Tesco for selling.
OXFAM: It is a non-profit group that works to reduce the impact of natural disasters and
poverty on the lives of people.
 Product and Services: This organisation offers health services so that life of people will
be minimum impacted by poverty, natural disaster’s etc.
 Size and scope: Oxfam operates in around 94 nations and have partnership with around
2000 local partners. As this firm has more than 50,000 volunteers in global context due to
which scope of this firm is high.
 Vision and mission: Vision of company is to treat common people without any partiality
so that issues like poverty can be tackled properly. Mission of the firm is to collect
maximum funds for charity purpose (Bocken, Rana and Short, 2015).
 Business Objectives: Main objective of firm is to offer good opportunities to needy
people so that they can live a comfortable life.
 Stakeholders: Trustees of Oxfam, suppliers, staff and their volunteers are included in
stakeholders of Oxfam.

TASK 2
P3. Interrelationship between different Organisational Functions and Their Linkage with
Organisational Objectives and Structure
There are different organisational functions within an organisation irrespective of the type
whether private or public who performs different but important roles for the achievement of
organisational goals and objectives. These departments include HR, Human resource, marketing
etc. which are interlinked with each other while performing their allotted task. Here, are such
interrelationship between these departments:
. Marketing and Human Resource Department: Marketing division is profoundly
subject to HR office for their advertising faculty for different promotional activities as HR
division have duty to recruit best marketing candidates who can bring new and innovative ideas
to promote company’s products in the market. The best possible coordination between these two
branches of Tesco prompts increment in promotional activities which further aides in
productivity of business.
Production Department and R & D Department: Role of production department is to produce
goods which are needed by company to offer their customers whereas R&D department finds out
different ways by which production can be carried out by firm without spending extra costs.
Hence, these departments heavily depend on each other for smooth working at TESCO
(Wetherly, 2014).
IT Department and Finance Department: IT division ensures that every office gets the
data at perfect time and ideal spot. IT department of Tesco require funds to perform their
business activities and operations which are provided by finance department. Whereas IT
department of company helps Finance department in automating their complex work due to
which organisational activities are completed within time. Without having adequate amount of
funds, it is hard for the IT department to redesign the product. Their reliance on one another
guarantees higher benefit by selling Tesco's products and services.
Organisational Structures of Public and Private Sector Organisations
Hierarchical Organizational Structure: It is a kind of association structure where chains of
command arrange the individuals into divisions. In this structure, authority travels from top to

bottom. NHS pursues hierarchical structure wherein hierarchy are dispersed in an order which
incorporates NHS Trust, Executive Board, Executive Team and Management Board.
Dvisional Organization Structure: It is a structure each department or division has one
supervisor of the department because of increased tasks and workload. For Example: TESCO
pursues divisional structure where there are varied group for different tasks. Each group
comprise of individuals from same division but different units. TESCO utilizes expertise of
various individuals to have interconnectivity in their different retail stores (Teng, Thekdi and
Lambert, 2012)
.
Figure 1: Divisional Organisation Structure
(Source: Divisional Organisation Structure, 2018)
TASK 2
P4 Positive and negative impact of macro environment upon business organisation
PESTLE analysis is a framework which benefits a company in analysing the macro
environment of region in which a company is operating. Macro environment involves aspects
like political factors, social aspect, technology, legal, economic and environmental factors etc.
This framework is mentioned below in context with NHS and TESCO:

PESTLE analysis on TESCO
 Political factor: These factors are related with the government intervention in working of
a business. These factors include corporate tax, government policies and regulations. UK
is a political stable country where there is no strict regulations for multinational retailer.
This impacts TESCO is positive manner but due to Brexit, large organisations has
impacted negatively. This factor is not in favour of TESCO.
 Economic factors: People in UK have disposable income due to which they are able to
buy products of TESCO without any complexities. Due to high GDP, low interest rate
etc. purchasing power of people is more. This aspect is in favour o TESCO but because
of great recession of 2018, inflation rates have increased which can impact concerned
company in negative manner.
 Social factor: These aspects are linked with the society and their beliefs, taste value,
attitude and opinions. People in UK have high living standard due to which they prefer to
use good quality products. Offerings of TESCO is of good quality which favours the
company in UK but due to regular change in taste and opinions of people, products
provided by TESCO can become outdated. This can impact TESCO in negative manner
(Huang and et. al. 2013).
 Technological factors: These factors are linked to innovation and technological
advancement. UK is a technologically advanced nation where people prefers to do online
shopping and digital search if they wish to buy products. In this context, TESCO is
needed to update their technology on regular basis otherwise, customers can shift their
preference towards the product of other companies.
 Legal factors: UK is a developed country where rules and regulations are followed in a
strictly manner. There are different legal aspects like employment laws, company law,
contract law etc. TESCO follows all the laws due to which company is operating and
earning high profits in UK without any restrictions. If TESCO will not follow legal laws
in proper manner, then they will have to pay high fines and penalties to victim. This will
reduce the productivity of company within marketplace.

 Environmental factors: This factor is concerned with preserving environment and
ecology from ill-activities of a business firm. TESCO is a big organisation which
sincerely follows their corporate social responsibility and sustainable policies. Due to
this, firm do not perform any activity which can harm nature in negative manner. Strict
environmental regulations of government in future can act as a barrier in smooth working
of company and can impact their revenues in a negative manner.
PESTLE analysis on NHS
 Political factors: It is related with the interference of government and changes in
political scenario of country. NHS is a public organisation which is managed by
governmental officials. Due to this, rules and regulations of government is in favour of
NHS but corruption within government to satisfy their personal needs can impact NHS in
a negative manner.
 Economic factors: People of UK are independent and earns good livelihood due to
which they prefer to have treatment from private doctors if they are not feeling well. This
reduces the popularity of NHS in the region. But there are different people which do not
earn good income, these people dependent on NHS for their health and NHS provide
them best facilities. This factor favours NHS in UK’s business environment.
 Social factors: These aspects relate with the lifestyle, culture, value and morals of
people. In UK, people have high morale due to which they appreciate the initiative of
NHS in positive manner. This factor allows NHS to operate in UK in appreciable manner.
High class in UK, prefers to get treated either at big hospitals or in other country which
reduces the effectiveness of NHS in UK.
 Technological factors: UK is technologically developed country where people do not
send much time in taking appointments by standing in queue. Even, people of UK prefers
consultations with doctors via online apps and sites. NHS is a public firm which offer
medical treatment to people of every class. NHS is required to update their technology so
that maximum people can join with them otherwise mission and vision of company will
be impacted in negative way.

 Legal factors: NHS is a government managed firm which follows all legal policies and
rules prevailed in UK. Due to this, NHS has positive reputation in the minds of people
but due to BREXIT, issues in Britain and non-Britain population has increased due to
which following legal laws became difficult (Golovnev and et. al. 2013).
 Environmental factors: These factors are associated with the perseverance of nature
and environment. NHS is a public organisation which offer medical facilities to needy
people in less price. Company follow all environmental norms as their sustainability
responsibility. Hence, this factor is in favour of company. If NHS will break
environmental laws, bad reputation of company can impact it in negative manner.
TASK 4
P5. SWOT Analysis of Both Public and Private Sector Organisation
SWOT on TESCO
Strengths Weaknesses
 Company offers excellent customer
services and shopping experience to
their customers.
 TESCO has global recognitions due to
high brand equity.
 TESCO is highly dependent on UK
and other European countries for its
earning rather than operating globally.
 Marketing strategy of company is
weak.
Opportunities Threats
 Company can increase its presence in
Asian market to earn more profits.
 Increasing online presence will
benefits TESCO in retaining their
customer base for maximum time.
 Rising cost of raw material impacts
the profits of company in negative
manner.
 Other retailers like ALDI are giving
tough competition to TESCO in terms
of sales and revenues.
SWOT on NHS

Strengths Weaknesses
 Good CQC report that evidences
delivery of high quality services.
 Committed, engaged and loyal
workforce which deliver their best
efforts while helping people.
 Underlying financial deficit.
 Staffing cost is high due to which
budget prepared to treat customers
gets impacted (Deshpande, 2018).
Opportunities Threats
 Company can increase its presence in
social media so that maximum people
can acknowledge their services.
 New ownership structure for NHS
property acts as a threat to the working
of company.
P6. Interrelationship of External Macro Factors with Strengths and Weaknesses
Below is mentioned interrelationship between macro and micro environment factors in context
with TESCO:
Political factors: These factors are related with stability of government along with their rules
and procedures associated with business organisations.
 Strength: UK is politically stable due to which company is able to give appropriate
services to their customers.
 Weakness: Due to advantage of operating in UK, company is not trying to achieve high
business advantage in other countries.
Economic factors: These aspects are linked with GDP, purchasing power, inflation and interest
rates, currency fluctuations etc.
 Strengths: Due to high purchasing power of people, brand equity of TESCO is high in
UK.
 Weaknesses: Because of increased cost in delivery, distribution of products and salary of
worker, marketing strategy of firm remains weak (Argyris, 2017).

Social factors: It is related with the culture, value, preference, opinion and choice of people
which are living in a region
 Strengths: People in UK prefers online shipping and presence of company on social and
other media is its biggest advantage.
 Weakness: people are preferring the products of rival firms due to more attractive offers
and discounts.
Technological factors: These aspects are linked with technological updating of the region where
company is operating.
 Strengths: Technology is going to help TESCO in reaching their range in Asian market
for high profits and revenues.
 Weaknesses: Due to lack in technology and automation, market strategy of company is
weak.
CONCLUSION
As per above specified report, it can be comprehended that all business firms have
different purpose, objectives, size and mission. Appropriate coordination in each departments of
businesses benefits in achieving long term goals and objectives. Macro factors influencing a
business had both positive & negative effect on their functioning. Tesco PLC follows divisional
organisation structure that assures a smooth business activities and operation so that probability
and larger market share can be acquired.

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