University Business Ethics and Morality Report: Case Study Analysis

This report delves into the critical aspects of business ethics and morality, examining real-world scenarios of ethical breaches within organizations. The analysis focuses on two case studies: the 'Gold and diamond watch' case and the 'All Asia Airways and the Oz Gold' case, exploring issues such as bribery, organizational policy violations, and the importance of ethical decision-making. The report utilizes diagnostic tools, including perceived knowledge ratio and self-assessment questionnaires, to assess the intensity of ethics and morality. It applies ethical frameworks like utilitarianism and act utilitarianism to evaluate the actions of individuals and their impact on business objectives and sustainability. The report highlights the importance of adhering to ethical guidelines, considering cultural differences, and integrating ethical instructions into a company's mission and vision. It also emphasizes the role of moral considerations and the consequences of prioritizing profitability over ethical practices, using the cases to illustrate how ethical lapses can damage a company's reputation and financial well-being.

Running head: BUSINESS ETHICS AND MORALITY
Business Ethics and Morality
Name of the university
Name of the student
Author note

1Business Ethics and Morality
Business organisations tend to face issues related to ethics and morality while
executing regular operations. It is important to adhere with the ethical guideline of the
company not only to ensure company goodwill but also to retain the business relationship
with all its stakeholders. The purpose behind writing this report is to analyse two different
scenario regarding violation of business ethics with the help of at least 11 diagnostic tools.
These tools are necessary to determine the intensity of ethics and morality within
characteristics. Therefore, in this report I am going to present a reflective approach on ethical
boundaries of business organisations using the tools.
In case of the Gold and diamond watch, there are some ethical breaches related to
the activities done by Ryan. It can be stated that there are some practices in the Middle East
that encourage the business officials to ask for gifts and kinds. However, this is also some
sort of practice of bribery. As a matter of fact, it was important for Ryan to understand what
is identified as ethically right or wrong. Moreover, after getting clear prohibition from the
company’s end he should not pursue such practices further. In this context, the Utilitarian
principles plays a pivotal part. As per the rule Utilitarianism it can be stated that the action
of an individual must be rely on the wider consequences (Mill, 2016). In Ryan’s case, his
action contributes negatively to the business purpose of the Anderson Office Supplies.
Moreover, it is also important to perceive an idea regarding the loyalty towards the company.
Therefore, Ryan should listen to his boss rather taking it personally. The act utilitarianism
plays significant role in this regard. As per the theory, an individual or a business
organisation should have some initiatives despite of having restrictions and obstacles in the
society and obviously this performance will be optimised for the benefits of most number of
people (Thompson, 2018). Ryan thought that his initiatives would help the organisation as
well fulfilled his personal gains but in return it created problem for the organisation. If I

2Business Ethics and Morality
played the role of Ryan then I never proceed further to continue the business deals. It was
because of my moral understanding.
My understanding on the moral considerations are based on the perceived knowledge
ratio and the self-assessment questionnaire (Kingsford, Hawes & de Rosnay, 2018). As per
the perceived knowledge ratio it can be argued that my understanding about the moral and
ethical considerations reflected that it is important for the corporate organisations to ensure
sustainability. I have scored 4.0 out of 7 in the perceived knowledge ration and it proves my
in-depth knowledge and understanding regarding the importance of ethics. Based on this
understanding, I can presume that Ryan did not do the right thing because before dealing with
the clients it was more important for him to follow the policy and objectives of the
organisation. On the other hand, my diagnostic tests related to the self-assessment
questionnaire proved my recognition towards the authentic leadership. It is scored 64 which
identifies very good understanding of the authentic leadership. Based on this test, I can say
that the boss of the company did the right thing in terms of terminating Ryan because the
maintaining the organisational policy was more important to Charles, the boss rather than
protecting the employees.
In case of the All Asia Airways and the Oz Gold case it can be identified that there are
some ethical breaching and dilemma regarding both the cases. In the first case study David
Long, the purchasing agent did not understand whether he opted for the ethical standpoint or
going with the company policy. On the other hand, Oz Gold directly connected with the lack
of sustainability measures. Both the cases are strongly contradicted the moral stands of gold
watch case. With the help of my diagnostic tools it can be stated that in terms of harm,
fairness and authority my opinion regarding the role of the Longe is very important. It can be
ascribed that Longe should choose the moral considerations instead of putting more emphasis
on the organisational policy. Here, a contradictory argument can be derived in terms of the

3Business Ethics and Morality
case studies. However, it can be stated that morality is the ultimate thing that the individuals
must possess rather than putting emphasis on other things.
Case studies of All Asia airways and Gold Diamond watch has been taken into
account in order to elaborate unethical practices and its outcome. Although, several factors
influence the decision of being immoral. An employee can face difficulty of understanding
cultural diversities across nation and their business practices. It has been observed from the
following case studies that the practice of bribery is regarded differently in Asian countries
from European. Comparing both the cases, it has been presented that how a moral practice
can bring sustainability into business. Further, the case of All Asia airways, where the
entrepreneur himself was corrupt and believed in profitability more than ethics, he ended up
in loss of both the monetary resource and company image. Here, the Utilitarian philosophy
can be applied appropriately. The entrepreneur of All Asia Airways could have followed this
ethical theory in order to sustain his business. Initial profit cannot be greater than a
sustainable ethical business practice. As a potential leader, I can deliver the judgment that if I
were in the place of Ryan as a salesperson I would never do such mistakes of misinterpreting
cultural differences. Moreover, in case of such a highly competitive aviation industry, I
would prefer to acknowledge the sustainability and ethical framework to the highest priority.
Considering both the scenarios, it can be stated that there were lack of understanding
as far as the importance of ethics and morality is considered within a business organisation
(Pearson, 2017). The first one, helps to have an idea how with the cultural differences
gratitude quotient changes from one country to another. The second company, was practicing
bribery and several unethical terms from its core. No matter who is practicing the
unethicality, in terms of sustainable business practice and if maintaining the goodwill is
priority then company must comply with the legal consideration of a country. Moreover,
ethical instructions must be a part of company’s mission and vision statements.

4Business Ethics and Morality
References:
Kingsford, J. M., Hawes, D. J., & de Rosnay, M. (2018). The moral self and moral identity:
Developmental questions and conceptual challenges. British Journal of
Developmental Psychology, 36(4), 652-666.
Mill, J. S. (2016). Utilitarianism. In Seven Masterpieces of Philosophy (pp. 337-383).
Pearson, R. (2017). Business ethics as communication ethics: Public relations practice and
the idea of dialogue. In Public relations theory (pp. 111-131).
Thompson, D. F. (2018). The possibility of administrative ethics. In Classics of
Administrative Ethics (pp. 79-92).

5Business Ethics and Morality
Appendix
Morality test with diagnostic tools

6Business Ethics and Morality

7Business Ethics and Morality

8Business Ethics and Morality

9Business Ethics and Morality

10Business Ethics and Morality

11Business Ethics and Morality

12Business Ethics and Morality