Business Intelligence Report: Sulphur Oxide Emission Analysis

This research report focuses on the application of Business Intelligence (BI) solutions, particularly dashboards, to analyze Sulphur Oxide emissions across four countries: New Zealand, Japan, Spain, and the United States. The report utilizes descriptive and predictive analysis to understand historical emission trends and forecast future emissions. Data from OECD.Stat is used to construct visualizations and dashboards, offering insights into the environmental impact of Sulphur Oxides. The analysis includes a prescriptive approach, offering logical recommendations to mitigate Sulphur Oxide emissions. The study's scope involves presenting findings to a Senior Executive for a board meeting, with the aim of informing strategies to control emissions, particularly in New Zealand. The report covers the impact of Sulphur Oxides, the data analysis process, and provides recommendations based on the predictive analysis outcomes.

Running head: BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
Business Intelligence
Name of Student:
Name of University:
Course ID:

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Executive Summary:
The research report focuses the various aspects of Business intelligence solutions with the
dashboards. Business intelligence is actually an information management tool that includes
important data points of business objective. The data visualizations and dashboards standardize
the complex data sets reviewing various environmental challenges. Here, the discussed
environmental issue is the emission of Sulphur oxide. The prescriptive analysis helps to find
logical recommendations by which the undertaken environmental challenge could be reduced.
The analysis predicts and forecasts the emission of Sulphur oxides in the chosen four countries
for the forthcoming years. Subsequently, the scope of the research analysis is that the Senior
Executive is questioned for preparations with the board of association for the meeting. Before,
commencement of meeting, the Senior Executive would present the prescriptive (descriptive and
predictive) analysis outcomes. The Senior Executive of the team would suggest the people of
New Zealand to control the emission of Sulphur oxides by possible measures.

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Table of Contents
Introduction:....................................................................................................................................3
Research Background:.....................................................................................................................3
Research Objectives:.......................................................................................................................4
Scope of the Research Analysis:......................................................................................................4
Impact of Sulphur Oxides in the environment:................................................................................4
Selected Data Analysis Process:......................................................................................................4
Prescriptive Data Analysis:..............................................................................................................5
Descriptive Analysis:...................................................................................................................5
Predictive Analysis:.....................................................................................................................8
Prediction and Forecasting with Dashboards:.........................................................................8
Logical Recommendation:.....................................................................................................10
Conclusion:....................................................................................................................................10
References:....................................................................................................................................11

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Introduction:
The dashboards helped to analyse the prototype of the business information. The data
analysis is carried out with SAP business objective and business analytics. The important factor
of the research report is about the application of any analytics software alike SAP predicting
analytics and Expert analytics to solve different types of analytical issues. The SAP platform
designs required visualizations such as dashboards and predictive models to accomplish several
analytical problems of business intelligence (MacGregor, 2013). In this research report, two
different types of analysis such as descriptive analysis and predictive analysis are performed.
The research analysis is created according to the data analysis of a data set on critical
environmental issues. The data set is collected from “OECD.Stat” (Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development) website. The data set mainly has three countries that are
“Country name”, “Year” and “Total emissions of Sulphur Oxides per capita in Kgs.”. These
similar types of data are gathered for four developed countries in four developed continents. The
countries are – New Zealand (Oceania), Japan (Asia), Spain (Europe) and United States of
America (North America). The major data set is collected on the basis of merging of four data
sets. The data sets are the real-world data sets. All the chosen countries are the countries of
OECD group. For this particular analysis, the records are collected for 26 countries in the range
1990 to 20115. The key variable undertaken in the merged data set is the “Total emissions of
Sulphur Oxides per capita in Kgs.” for each 4 countries.
Research Background:
The research is associated to the critical environmental challenges. The selected topic is
about the total emissions per capita with the support of dashboards. The dashboards depict-
 The year wise distribution of Sulphur Oxides of total emissions per capita of the selected
four countries.
 The prediction of five years of Sulphur Oxides of total emissions per capita for the
chosen four countries.
The purpose of the data analysis is to enhance the visual analytics and to estimate the
country wise emission of Sulphur Oxides in the interval 1990 to 2015.

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Research Objectives:
The research report and analysis explore, extract and analyse the insights of the any
enterprise and business organisation. The insights are retrieved from the inference of data
analysis and logical recommendations to improve the sustainability of the environment. The
analysis visualizes and brings conclusion about the predictive analysis.
Scope of the Research Analysis:
The data analysis takes a key role for the better sustainability of the environment. To
encounter the challenges of environment caused by huge emission of Sulphur Oxides in the
atmosphere on the accessibility, monitoring and preferable measures of the database intelligence.
The Senior executive is asked to make preparation for the meeting with the board of association.
The Senior executive has permitted to submit the reports regarding descriptive and perspective
analysis before commencement of such types of meeting. Therefore, the proposed system should
be able of probing the important environmental issues notified by the board members.
Impact of Sulphur Oxides in the environment:
Sulphur Oxides especially Sulphur dioxide can pollute the air significantly. High
production of Sulphuric acid in factories and industries pollute the clean air across the world.
Combustion of conventional and bio-fuels also enhances the level of Sulphur oxides in the air
(Reddy & Venkataraman, 2002). The largest sources of Sulphuric oxide emissions are from
fossil fuel combustion at power plants and other industrial facilities (Mylona, 1996). The sources
of Sulphuric oxides involve industrial procedures alike extracting metal from ore and the
combustion of high sulphur containing fuels according to large ships, non-road equipment and
locomotives (Basha, Gopal & Jebaraj, 2009). The major health related issues caused by Sulphur
dioxide are noted as respiratory illness, lungs problem and cardiovascular diseases (Seaton et al.,
1995). The severe affect of emission of Sulphuric oxides results by “Acid rain” (Likens et al.,
1979). The conventional boilers, furnaces and chimneys emit poisonous gases (Smith et al.,
2011). Historically, there has been a multitude of methods for Sulphuric oxides emission control
(Vestreng et al., 2007). Recent environmental concerns enforce more strict laws and regulations
about the emission of SO2 (Dewees & Halewood, 1992).

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Selected Data Analysis Process:
The analyst has selected the business information reporting solution to represent the
prescriptive data analysis. It might help the analyst to combine the data set and helps the users
for making the analysis report. For getting magnified investigation report, the prescriptive
analysis with the help of predictive analysis tool enables to go in-depth of the data set (Eckerson,
2010). That is why, business information reporting is found to be an effective solution due to its
flexibility, availability of various types of features and easiness. BI reporting permits the
comprehend many effective filters that could be utilised for the analysis purpose. More of it, the
business information reports could be shared and downloaded in any format of the documents
such as pdf format and docx format.
Prescriptive Data Analysis:
The prescriptive analysis the field of business analytics provided to find the optimised
action for a provided condition. Prescriptive analysis is consisting of both descriptive and
predictive analytics. The prescriptive analysis involves optimization and comparison techniques
that suggest the probable outcomes (Gröger, Schwarz & Mitschang, 2014). Prescriptive analysis
visualizes the pattern and behaviour of data variables and advices the probable way-outs for
finding the answers of plausible queries. It also recommends numerous prescribed good and
effective probable steps that might be used to guide the solution (Deka, 2016). The application of
probable measures suggested by predictive analysis nullifies the environmental issues. The
analysis and analytical tools with the help of prescriptive analytics attempts to quantify
beneficial suggestions that influence the future forecast and decisions (Gualtieri et al., 2013).
Descriptive Analysis:
The descriptive statistics obtains the basic concepts used for describing the data set. It is a
kind of statistical analysis that combines the raw data and supports to interpret the data samples
and data variables easily. The descriptive statistics is beneficial to assist the crucial details from
the historical behaviours and past insights (Saad, 2001). In this analysis, the descriptive statistics
regarded the measures of minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation of the numerical
variable “The total amount of Sulphur Oxide emissions per capita”. For dashboard preparation in
business purpose, the summary statistics or descriptive statistics provide the advantage to

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represent the inventory issues, financial aspects, marketing zones, production of factories and
managerial implications of the organisation.
The descriptive statistics refers that minimum per capita emission of Sulphur Oxides is
highest in New Zealand (14.43 Kgs.) followed by United States of America (10.53 Kgs.). The
lowest minimum per capita emission of Sulphur Oxides is for Japan (2 Kgs.). The maximum per
capita emission of Sulphur Oxides is highest in United States of America (83.83 Kgs.) followed
by Spain (55.98 Kgs.). The lowest maximum per capita emission of Sulphur Oxides is for New
Zealand (21.97 Kgs.). The average per capita emission of Sulphur Oxides in 26 years is highest
in United States of America (46.526 Kgs.) followed by Spain (30.497 Kgs.). The lowest average
per capita emission of Sulphur Oxides in 26 years is in Japan (12.898 Kgs.). The scatter-ness in
terms of standard deviation is maximum in United states of America (22.336 Kgs.) followed by
Spain (16.987 Kgs.). The lowest standard deviation is observed in case of New Zealand.

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The grouped box plot refers that-
United States of America suffers from maximum amount of Sulphur Oxides emission per capita.
New Zealand and Japan comparatively emit lower amount of Sulphur Oxides per capita. The
distribution of total emission of Sulphur Oxides per capita is least for New Zealand. The
distribution also has an outlier too. The distribution of year wise emission of Sulphur Oxides is
symmetric for United states of America and New Zealand. The median values of Sulphur
emission are arranged in decreasing order from USA, Spain, New Zealand and Japan.

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The dashboard of year wise emission of Sulphur Oxides of four countries that are New Zealand,
Japan, Spain and United States of America depicts that-
 Each country has decreased the amount of emission of Sulphur Oxides per capita in
recent years except New Zealand.
 The per capita amount of emission of Sulphur Oxides for New Zealand has increased
from past years (1990 to 2002) to middle years (2003 to 2006). Then, again the per capita
amount of emission of Sulphur Oxides has decreased (2007 to 2015).
 The amount of emission of Sulphur Oxides per capita was greater in previous years (most
likely from 1990 to 1994) for all the countries except New Zealand.
 The amount of emission of Sulphur Oxides per capita was greater for 2003 to 2006 for
New Zealand.

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The parallel coordinate chart refers that the amount of per capita Sulphur Oxide emission is
almost similar for Spain and Japan. The significant differences are observed between USA and
New Zealand.
Predictive Analysis:
The business information dashboard of predictive analysis transforms the conventional
business information reports and depicts the predictive performances. The business information
reporting dashboards and predictive performance reporting are utilised here. Big data and
predictive analytics can leverage high specific insights of the visitors. Predictive analysing
techniques must adopt high volume, velocity and variety of data.
Prediction and Forecasting with Dashboards:
The dashboards are utilised for forecasting and future prediction. The dashboard
representation permits divergent exploration of data and analytical processes that can be utilised
for comparing data from many divisions or isolated entities (Bertsimas & Kallus, 2014).
Therefore, dashboards are the most logical format of visualisation to all. The country wise total
emissions of Sulphur Oxides are presented with the help of dashboards. The dashboard précises
the business information in a simple view using numerous database sources. The meeting
committee would like to observe the real-time information with the help of dashboards. The

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analysis is accessible for other causes also. The dashboard reporting empowers the research team
to drill down using dynamic graphs and predictive plots for 2016 to 2020.
The predictive dashboard indicates that-
 The per capita amount of total emission amount would be 18 Kgs. by 2020 in New
Zealand.
 The per capita amount of total emission amount would be almost 1.25 Kgs. by 2020 in
Japan.
 The per capita amount of total emission amount would be insignificane by 2020 in USA
and Spain.
 The direction of trend shows that the amount of total emission of Sulphur Oxide is
decreasing for Spain, Japan and United States of America.
 The direction of trend indicates that the total emission of Sulphur Oxide is increasing in
New Zealand only.

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 As per latest forecst of 2016, the total emission of Sulphur Oxide is highest for New
Zealand (16.5 Kgs.) and lowest for Spain (approximately 0 Kgs.).
Logical Recommendation:
New Zealand should involve the proper measures to reduce the amount of emission of
Sulphur Oxide. Firstly, people of all the countries should reduce the use of Crude oil and natural
gases. They should concentrate on clean fuel. The government should take measure to remove
the amount of Sulphur from the fuel. The technique of “Flue gas desulphurization” should be
undertaken. The people should prevent production and release of SO2 during combustion.
Recovery of Sulphuric acid could also be a possible way out to reduce the amount of Sulphur
Oxide. Traditional boiler and chimneys should be replaced immediately. The government of
New Zealand should make people concerned about current issue and try to avoid the emission
from their end. The laws and regulations about Sulphur oxide emission from the factories and
industries must be established. The steps should be recommended for reducing air pollution and
global warming effects across the world.
Conclusion:
According to the data visualization, a proper suitable decision support is undertaken. The
analysis helps to experience the usability of SAP analytics tools with respect to data. Prediction
and future forecasts are found. Descriptive and Prescriptive analysis helped to design the
necessary prototypes. The key indicator variables are found to be year and amount of Carbon
dioxide gas.
All the selected countries are developed countries. The decresing trend to all the countries
except New Zealand of emission of per capita Sulphur Oxide is satisfactory. The United States of
America especially has taken very leading role to reduce the amount of per capita Sulphur Oxide
rapidly. Japan and Spain also decreased the amount of per capita emission of Sulphur Oxide
abruptly. New Zealand has not improved in this case.