Khaled Miah - Business and Business Management Report: Organizations

This report, prepared by Khaled Miah, analyzes business and business management principles. It examines the purposes and types of public (Crown Prosecution Service), private (Ford), and voluntary (British Heart Foundation) organizations, including their legal structures and stakeholders. The report explores the scope and size of these organizations, detailing their products, services, vision, and mission. It further investigates the interrelationships between various organizational functions, such as sales, marketing, human resources, and finance, using Ford as a case study. The report also assesses the positive and negative impacts of the macro environment on business operations and conducts an internal analysis to identify organizational strengths and weaknesses. Finally, it examines the interrelation between these strengths and weaknesses with external factors, providing a comprehensive overview of business management concepts.

Khaled Miah
S0267767
Unit 1: Business and
Business
Management
[4621]

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Various purposes and types of different organizations ....................................................3
P2 Explain the scope and size of organisation.......................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
P3 Relationship between various organizational functions....................................................7
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P4 Positive and negative impact of macro environment on business operations. ...............10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P5 Internal Analysis of organisation to identify strengths & weaknesses............................11
P6 Interrelation between weaknesses and strengths with various external factors..............13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Business environment can be defined as an element, which consists with number of
internal and external factors like requirements of customers, suppliers, political, technological,
customers, owners, supply and demand and so on. it is vital for every single business
organization to consider these elements at the primary most position while performing the
business or the operations at national or international level (Abid and Gulzar, 2018). Over the
years, many business organisations has kept their focus on earning high range of profits and
others has aimed to improvise the living standards of a citizens of a country true offering them
with free medical and other type of social services. But, all of the internal and external factors
has somewhere impacted in both positive and negative sense on this business organisations. In
present report, organisations that has been taken into consideration among different levels like
public, private and voluntary level are : Crown Prosecution Service, Ford and The British Heart
Foundation. Apart from this, assignment will also put lights on scope and size of different types
of organizations along with the inter-relationship with other functions of a business organization.
Lastly, report will consider the negative and positive impact of macro environment on a business
organisation.
TASK 1
P1 Various purposes and types of different organizations
Public Organization: It is the type of organization which is fully owned and controlled
by government of the country. They provide best and effective services to their customers in
order to enhance their brand image. Under this, Crown Prosecution Service has been taken into
consideration, because it delivers number of services to it's client in regards to legal formalities
and functions as well.
 Purpose: Primal priority or the purpose of this organisation is to deliver the legal
advisory to its clients so that it could help them in taking right decisions in regards to
conducting criminal prosecutions in England and Wales (Al Harthy and Al Harthy,
2019).
 Legal structure: In public organisation all decisions of the organisation is taken by
government. In context of Crown Prosecution Service, all the decisions of the
organisation is taken by the state government and central government. So all the

decisions which has been taken by government are being followed by the top authority of
the organisation. All this information is being given to the employees just after the
discussions takes place.
 Stakeholders: In case of public organisation, stakeholders play very essential role. They
are the one who invested their money as well as associated with the profitability of the
company. Stakeholders which is included in this organisation is financial institutions,
government and many more. All these stakeholders highly influence working of the
company. Some of the stakeholders includes local authority, government, legal agencies
and so on.
Private organisation: It is the organisation which includes an individual, partners as
well as agency which is not a public body, operated for profit. Apart from this, it might be a non-
federal body which is self-established and sustaining (Archer and et. al., 2018). In the present
report, Ford is chosen as the company which is a private entity and has been a famous
automotive car manufacturer. For this, they have enough amount of employees within their
organisation in order to manage their business operations (Charter, 2017).
 Purpose: Ford was found in the year of 1903 by Henry Ford . At present the company is
having a round 190000 employees, that are performing tasks in all over the world within
it’s subsidiaries. The basic purpose of this organisation is to offer customers with highly
efficient cars as it is a manufacturer within the automotive industry.
 Legal structure: Private organisations legal structure is depends on the top authority like
board of director and CEO of the organisation. They are take big decisions of the
organisation with the help of low and legislation. In contact of Ford organisation all the
decisions are depends on there top authority which is directly communicated with there
employees and subordinated. All the decisions are effect the probability and marketplace
in a effective manner.
 Stakeholders: They are the person in every business organization associated with some
motive and result. Performance of company largely affect the behavior of stakeholders.
Stakeholders of Ford includes investors, employees, customers as well as government
agencies.
Voluntary Organization: It refers to the set of various activities and functions which is
not managed, controlled and directed by the government. Apart from this, it is the activity which

is owned by external members and government of the country. The company that has been taken
into consideration within the volunteer sector is The British Heart Foundation.
 Purpose: in present context the main aim of the purpose of this organisation which is the
British Heart Foundation is to keep their citizens heart healthy and fit. Their vision is to
enhance the living standards of individuals so that they can reduce the number of heart
diseases and heart strokes as well.
 Legal Structure: Voluntary organisation's legal structure is depends on the trusty and
top authorities. In present context, all the decision of the organisation is depends on the
trusty of the British Heart Foundation. Then all the information is being forwarded to
number of individuals that are linked with them (Bulbule and Gijare, 2019).
 Stakeholders: They are the one, highly interested in the British Heart Foundation
functionality. It includes those individuals who are associated with the aim of
organization. It mainly includes the founder, staff members, beneficiary and so on. In
addition to this, there are some different types of stakeholders which includes project
members, project team, customers, sponsors and many more.
P2 Explain the scope and size of organisation
In present time there are number of business organisations that are performing at both
national and at international level or within the business environment where they consist with
different scopes and performs at different levels of the sizes. But majorly they are divided among
three different types of companies and these are private, public and voluntary and all of these are
presented underneath:
Private Organisation: Ford
Ford is an American automotive manufacturer, which develops cars for their customers
and aims to deliver the best experiences to their clients through offering them with highly
efficient and luxurious cars. It headquarter is situated in Michigan, United States. At present the
organisation is performing at international level and is carrying a good name in all over the
world. In present context, there are various functions which are discussed below in detailed
manner :-
Product and service: Company has number of cars, which they are offering to large
number or amount of customers. Company has become able to generate high revenue through

bringing modifications among different cars, which they made and manufactured considering
different number of needs of clients among various countries.
Size and scope : Ford is having huge scope in near future through manufacturing various
electric cars company would become number one in all over the world or through enhancing the
limits of the company. At present, Ford is having employees around 199,000 that are
continuously offering customers with best quality services. Along with this, it has been found
that company is working in more than 100 nations (Florian, 2018).
Vision and mission : Ford’s corporate mission is “to make people’s lives better by
making mobility accessible and affordable.” On the other side, Ford’s corporate vision is “to
become the world’s most trusted company, designing smart vehicles for a smart world.”
Considering the above information it can easily be said that the Ford is offer in customers
with right cars to correct customers. This is continuously helping them in standing within the
market for a longer period of time, and through bringing modifications among technology with
suitable adjustments, company has become one of the crucial business organisation in all over
the world, that is performing with full of enthusiasm within the automotive industry.
Public organisation: Crown Prosecution Service
The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) basically focuses on criminal cases. These cases
are basically being investigated or performed by police of England and of Wales. Since CPS is
an independent business organisation which is public in nature where is the decisions are being
taken by both government and Police department of England and Wales. Along with this, their
duty is to make sure that the right person is prosecuted for the right offence, and to bring
offenders to justice wherever possible.
Product and services : If it is talked about Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), then the
organization offers clients with legal advices, helps them in performing the prosecution and so
on. With the help of this, Company helps their clients with getting the right offence to correct
individual (Irfansyah, Ermaya and Septyan, 2018).
Size and scope : Currently, if it is talked about Crown prosecution services then it is
having around 6,000 employees from both the headquarters of England and Wales that are
offering customers on the clients with appropriate services based on their requirements in regards
to the legal advisory and so on.

Vision and mission : Mission and Vision of CPS is that prosecutors must be fair,
objective and independent. When deciding whether to prosecute a criminal case, where there
lawyers follows the Code for Crown Prosecutors to provide justice to individuals that has not
done anything wrong like criminal activity. On the other side, Crown Prosecution Service is to
remove the crime from Wales and England through offering advices to individuals based on the
legal structure and the needs that they are having.
Henceforth, it can easily be said that both of the organisations has their own type of
scope, size and structure to perform the operations so that daily, short and long term goals and
objectives can be achieved and much more effective and efficient manner. On the other hand, it
can also be said that both of the companies different from each other in the form of where one is
offering customers with cars and other one is offering customers with criminal prosecutors who
helps their clients to get justice from criminal acts that took place in their lives (Made and Ketut,
Maulina and Raharja, 2018).
TASK 2
P3 Relationship between various organizational functions
In present time, it has been analysed that every single business organization consist with
different number of departments that helps them in attaining number of goals and objectives in
specific time frame. At present, if it is talked about Ford, then company is also having various
functions and these are : customers service, marketing, human resource, finance, sales, research
and development department and so on, that has a good link in between, which is helping them
in attaining number of goals and objectives whether they are small or big in nature. In present
context, different relationships among various departments of Ford are being described
underneath:

Illustration 1: Organisational Structure
(Source: Organisational Structure, 2019)
Sales Department and Marketing Department : This is said to be one of the crucial
relationship that Ford needs to have because without an effective relationship among the sales
and marketing department company would not sustain in the market in the near future for a
longer period of time the way it is performing at the present. In order to generate sales it is vital
for company to have effective sales manager and good number of subordinates that are having
appropriate knowledge in regards to house sales can be improvised. In the same way, it has also
been found that for a company like Ford it is also vital to have an effective marketing manager
and effective subordinates within this department which is marketing because, without them
organisation would not become able to sustain within the market for a longer period of time or to
gain competitive advantages. Sales department have direct relationship with marketing team and
work together for a business and communication is important for both the department for smooth
functioning (Messmer, 2018).
Marketing department with the assistance of attractive marketing strategies aid sales
department to increase their overall sales target, while sales department provide sources to
marketing department within which this department can conduct their marketing functions. With

the help of this, company would sustain and perform much more effectively there the promotion
will help from in enhancing the sales directly of cars and other services that has been provided
by Ford to their customers.
Human Resource & Operations Department : Basically, these are said to be the two
departments that stays link together with each other where, operations department's manager
delivers the information to HR manager of Ford that what kind of candidates they are looking
forward to have in their department. With the help of this, HR department recruits number of
qualified candidates as per the requirement.
IT and Finance : If it is talked about Ford then company always needs to bring updates
in their technology (IT department) where new and updated technology directly aid them in
gaining competitive advantages. Here, it is said that for bringing change within the IT
department, it requires funds and specifically it is the responsibility of finance department of
Ford to issue the budget, so that they could effectively generate number of outcomes for
themselves.
Therefore, it is said that these are some of the crucial departments that develops link with
each other which helps Ford in attaining number of goals and objectives in specified time frame.
Through this, it can also be said that it is must for firm to keep on bringing continuous
improvement among these departments like finance, IT, HR, sales, marketing and more that
might help them in sustaining within the market for a longer period of time (Nieminen, 2018).
Organisational structure : This is being considered as a structure, which helps a
business organisation in transferring the data or information in a proper flow. Basically, it has
been identified that, a proper organisational structure directly aid a company in developing a
smooth flow of information. In present context, a number of organisational structures are
presented underneath, which are enclosed with roles, responsibility, authority and duties are
particularly mentioned about the employees and employers:
Divisional structure: This is being considered as a particular structure, which
specifically aid a company like Ford in dividing the divisions based on the markets in which
company is performing or over the product line and service line that the firm is holding.
Matrix structure : Under this type of structure, it is the duty or responsibility of staff
members to report more than one manager of a company like Ford. The relationship among the
subordinates and managers is in matrix or grids.

Functional structure : This is being considered as one of the simplest, old and effective
organisational structure that Ford and other large business organisations that are performing in
all over the world. In these employees is reporting according to their field. The functions of the
organisation is divided into different departments such as marketing, HR, finance department and
so on.
TASK 3
P4 Positive and negative impact of macro environment on business operations.
Micro factors: These are said to be some of the crucial factors that directly impacts upon
strategy, performance level and on decision making process as well of a business organisation.
On the other hand, it is also said that there are number of micro economic factors that may
majorly affects and these are employees, competitors and so on.
Macro environment factors: Basically, number of factors like Political, economical,
environmental, technological, social and legal are some of the major ones that impacts negatively
upon overall performance level of a company, which cannot be managed as well as these belongs
to external business environment (Quirós, 2019).
For analysing macro environment for Ford, PEST analysis is being performed underneath:
Political: In present time, this is said to be one of the crucial element which majorly
impacts upon a company's performance level, where they might require to bring modifications
for hitting the targets or to sustain in the market. Basically, Ford has to deal with various
legislations which are related to policies that are linked with low emission vehicles.

Positive: In present context, it can be said that Ford if follows different amendments and
develop strategies for surviving uncertain economic conditions, which has happened due to
Brexit, then it will directly enhance the performance level.
Negative: Government of any nation keeps on making alterations among legal laws and
adoption of these may lead Ford to deal with number of issues.
 Economical: Various economic forces form very important part in automotive industry.
In the recent years many countries have suffered because of recession prevailing in
country like United Kingdom.
Positive: If the purchasing power of customers would directly get improvised, then it will
lead Ford to enhance the sales.
Negative: Recession, would directly bring number of issues for Ford, which will directly
affect the customer's point of view (targeted customers).
 Social: This factor is related to people's preferences, their style, culture to which they
belong.
Positive: Positive feedbacks given by public will directly lead company to enhance the
goodwill of Ford in UK's business environment.
Negative: There are continuous changes in social trends of people which might lead to
shifting of the trends towards another brand.
 Technological: This is being considered as the factor, which will help firm in enhancing
the technological aspects that lead to manufacturing of those vehicles which are
environment friendly (Ristyanti and Widjaja, 2019).
Positive: A new technology adopt might lead to increase in market share of Ford in UK.
Negative: High investment, Ford would require to make to adopt new and updated
technology.
 Legal: These factors describes the legal laws and regulations which influences the
company in terms of its regulations and expansion. For this, the environmental protection
regulation, safety regulation can become opportunity for Ford. As they can improve their
sustainability in the business environment.
Positive: Safe regulations which is adopted by ford such as labour laws and intellectual
property rights which helps the company in order to achieve sustainability in the business
environment.

Negative: Because of its diesel scandal company faces many law suits by which company
faces huge amount of loss and penalties.
 Environmental: It depicts the ecological factors which influences the company in its
expansion and these factors changes in climate, low carbon trend and declining oil
reserves all of them can become opportunities for company. As climate change helps the
company to grow their products in the environmental conservation.
Positive: After its scandal, now company introduces environmental friendly cars specially
for the electric and hybrid vehicles which helps in reducing emission or no impact on the
environment.
Negative: Due to its scandal, company harm the climate and weather conditions and also
break many environmental laws by which they face loss of brand reputation and decreasing
customer base.
TASK 4
P5 Internal Analysis of organisation to identify strengths & weaknesses
Internal analysis is a tool which is used by organisation in analysing their overall factor
which is impacting growth of company. Below discussed is the SWOT analysis of two
companies who are from different industries:
SWOT analysis of Ford :
Strength weakness
 Ford is having a strong brand image
which has help this company in
increasing their overall sales.
 They are having a global supply chain
network which they are using to
distribute their products in market and
reach their customers in the specified
time frame.
 They are having very limited scope as
this company is having a very small
network pf productions.
 The innovation process is very slow in
this company which makes it lack
behind as compared to other brands
dealing in similar products.
Opportunities Threats
 Ford is having a opportunity that they  There is excessive competitive rivalry