Business Report: Diverse Types and Structures of Organizations

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of various organizational types and structures, focusing on businesses in the South East region. It begins with an overview of different organizational forms, including professional corporations, non-profit corporations, cooperatives, and franchises. The report then delves into detailed case studies of three organizations: Rainbow Trust Children's Charity, Virgin Atlantic Airways, and Costa Coffee. For each organization, the report examines their services, vision, mission, objectives, and organizational structures. It also explores the functional areas of Virgin Atlantic Airways and discusses the interrelationships between organizational functions. The report highlights the key aspects of each organization, offering insights into their size, scope, and legal structures. The report concludes with a summary of the findings and provides references for further reading.

Running head: BUSINESS
Business
11/3/2018

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Overview of Diverse types and structures of Organizations..................................................2
Different types of organization..........................................................................................2
Rainbow Trust children's charity...........................................................................................6
Virgin Atlantic Airways.........................................................................................................7
Costa Coffee...........................................................................................................................9
The Functional Areas of Virgin Atlantic Airways...........................................................10
P1..........................................................................................................................................11
Private Sector.......................................................................................................................11
Public Sector........................................................................................................................11
Voluntary Sector..................................................................................................................12
Legal Structure.....................................................................................................................12
P2..........................................................................................................................................12
Small Business.....................................................................................................................12
Medium Business.................................................................................................................12
Large Business.....................................................................................................................12
M1........................................................................................................................................13
P3..........................................................................................................................................13
M2........................................................................................................................................14
Advantages and Disadvantages of interrelationships between organizational functions.....14
Conclusion................................................................................................................................15
References................................................................................................................................16

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Introduction
The business environment comprises all the external and internal factors that influence how
the business operates including customers, supply, management, demand, business
regulations, and employees. Understanding the business environment is very essential for
operating a successful business unit at any place, because, factors of the environment affect
all the aspects of the business, be it its location, structure, personnel policies, nature,
distribution system, or product’s price (Business Studies, 2018). Hence, it very essential to
analyze every aspect of the business, such as the way it operates different activities, its
mission, vision, structure, and other. The aim of this report is to identify different types and
structures of South East organization. It will highlight the essential aspects of three
organizations of South East such as their size, scope, vision, mission, business objectives, and
legal structures.
Overview of Diverse types and structures of Organizations
Different types of organization
Professional Corporations
Professional corporations are those entities for which different corporation acts make distinct
provision, regulating the utilization of the corporate form by approved specialists like
engineers, physicians, accountants, attorneys, public accountants, and architects. The overall
category of the PSC can be as C-corporation, LLC, or S-corporation, again with sub-
categorization as a PSC or PC. Without the law, these types of professions will be capable to
create only as a general partnership or sole proprietorship, because the beliefs, guidelines of
their board of licensing prohibit organizing in a manner that confines their professional
accountability towards patrons (Employment and Economic Development, 2018).

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Structure of Professional Corporation
Source [(Creately, 2018)]
Corporations can possess several structures; however, the maximum of the organizational
structure is comprised of a board of directors, officers, personnel, and owners or
shareholders.
Non-profit Corporations
A non-profit corporation is said to the lawful entity that has been combined in the law of its
authority for drives other than earning profits for its shareholders or owners. Based on the
jurisdiction laws, a non-profit corporation may seek authorized gratitude as such and can be
taxed in a different way from the profit corporations, and treated differently in numerous
ways (Mancuso, 2018). Example of non-profit Corporations is Rainbow trust children’s
charity.
Structure of Non-Profit Corporation

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Source [(https://www.slideshare.net/NonprofitWebinars/120815-starting-a-nonprofit-
organization)]
The organizational structure is one of the key aspects of every non-profit organization. Non-
profits are comprised of consist of a board of directors, executive, administrative, and
managerial positions (Sween, 2018).
Cooperatives
Cooperatives are planned mainly for offering service to the user-owners, in place of making a
profit for shareholders. Example of Cooperatives is Virgin Airlines
Structure of Cooperatives

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Source [(Weather Bureau Credit Cooperative, 2018))]
The organizational structure of a cooperative is said to gear towards self-governing control
and communal decision-making. It does not have any one type of format of the organizational
structure, because these types of businesses are shaped to imitate the concerns and desires of
its members (Gartenstein, 2018).
Franchises
Franchising is a technique of marketing and distributing services or goods. It is a common
type of business organization. Franchising is dependent on the concept of marketing that
could be accepted by an organization as a policy for the expansion of the business. Wherever
it is executed, a franchiser permits its knowledge, intellectual property, measures, utilization
of the model of business, right to vend its services and products, using a brand; to a
franchisee. Example of Franchises is Costa Coffee.
Structure of Franchises
Source [(R&D Institute, 2018)]

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Manufacturers make use of franchising to carry their offering to the market with the help of
“captured” downstream system of distribution it is also known as traditional franchising
(Seid, 2017).
Rainbow Trust children's charity
Rainbow Trust Children's Charity offers practical as well as emotional support to the families
with children possessing terminal or life-threatening illness (Rainbow Trust, 2018).
Headquarter of the charity is in Leatherhead, Surrey. The care workers of the charity are
based in Cumbria, Durham, Swindon, London, Essex, Manchester, Surrey, and Southampton.
In 1986, Bernadette Cleary established the Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity. The charity is
famous for offering assistance to different families with children in the United Kingdom in
different household works and transportation.
Services - The charity assists families by offering non-medical services, like support with
different everyday routines, supervision of sibling, and conveyance to and from medical
activities, directing to sustain standard family life. Besides this, it also provides bereavement
support.
Vision – The vision of the charity is to provide access to Rainbow Trust Children's Charity
carer to all the critically ill children.
The Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity focuses on terminal illness, palliative care, sibling
support, hospital transport, life-threatening illness, home support, and bereavement support.
The charity possesses nine Family Support Workers teams in the UK who offer practical and
emotional support to the families, in the community, and at the hospital (Huge Box, 2018).

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The objective of Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity is to offer equal opportunities and expect
the support of employees in executing strategies to confirm that all personnel are rendered
equal chance in promotion, training, recruitment, selection, transfer, benefits, and pay.
The organizational structure of Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity is comprised of nine teams
i.e. Lancaster Team, Swindon team, Central London Team, Surrey Team, Greater Manchester
Team, North East Team, West London Team, Essex Team, and Southampton Team.
Shareholders of Charity
Source [(Rainbow Trust, 2018))]
Virgin Atlantic Airways
Virgin Atlantic is British airline with headquarter in Crawley, United Kingdom. In 1984, the
airline was founded as the Airways of British Atlantic and initially scheduled by Alan Hellary
and Randolph Fields in order to operate between London and the Falkland Islands. The size
of the fleet of Virgin Atlantic is 48 and offers its services to 33 destinations. Its giant stake in
the airline industry has enhanced the highest business profile of Virgin. The company does
not only operate airlines, but it also has a widespread business in different industries from,
financial services to cosmetics and soft drinks (Virgin Atlantic, 2018). In 1970, the Virgin
was originated as a business of mail order record however after some time it went on to
became a retailing and music publishing private company.

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Services – The airline possesses a three-class cabin outline: Economy, Premium, and Upper
Class. Premium class has a distinct area for check-in, precedence boarding, and a broader seat
facility with legroom. Upper Class possesses a seat that can be converted into a comfortable
bed. It was the very first airline to provide personal entertainment facilities to all the
passengers in every class (Virgin Atlantic, 2018).
Vision/Mission – The mission of Virgin Atlantic Airways is to hold the spirit of humanity
and let it fly.
The objective of Virgin Atlantic Airways is to grow as a profitable airline that is loved by
employees and passengers. Besides this, it desires to offer quality service to clients while
traveling at different locations (Virgin Atlantic, 2018).
The Organizational Structure is said to be the structural outline that regulates categorized
design in a company. It describes the ways coordination, task allocation, and many different
activities such as direction are carried out to attain anticipated goals of the organization.
Virgin Atlantic Airways possess a functional structure where the owner of the company has
grouped its personnel into diverse functional spaces as per their specialization and skills.
They are very conscious of the cost, therefore, desires a dynamic structure that could be
amended as per the altering needs of the business.
Virgin Atlantic possess different main stakeholders and be obliged a duty of care towards
every stakeholder. The company has framed different strategies such that all its stakeholders
remain happy and satisfied. The main stakeholders are Employees, NGOs, Customers,
Community at large, Vendors, Shareholders, and Government Agencies.

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Costa Coffee
Costa Coffee is one of the known multinational coffees British company with headquarter in
Dunstable, Bedfordshire. The café is a completely owned Whitbread’s subsidiary. The Coca-
Cola Corporation proclaimed its purpose of purchasing Costa Limited from its parental
company i.e. Whitbread PLC for around $5.1 billion. This contract is anticipated to close in
2019, which will provide the giant of cola a strong and tough platform across the Asia
Pacific, Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. Costa Coffee is said to be the second biggest
chain of a coffee house in the whole world, the biggest in the United Kingdom. In 1971, the
Costa Coffee was established as the wholesale supplier of roasted coffee to different
professional coffee shops and caterers. Whitbread acquired the business in 1995, after that the
business was expanded in 31 nations with 3,401 stores. The franchise possesses 2,121
restaurants in the United Kingdom, with around 6,000 vending facilities of Costa Express
(Costa Coffee, 2018).
Services – The franchise is known for supplying roasted coffee to different caterers and
professional Italian shops of coffee.
Vision – The Vision of Costa Coffee is to supply true coffee in the Italian style.
Mission – The mission of Costa Coffee is to protect the world from ordinary coffee (Costa
Coffee, 2018).
The objective of Costa Coffee is to adopt the most attractive ways of marketing its offering in
order to enhance its brand name. Besides this, the company desires to expand its coffee
houses at different locations with the motive to serve true and tasty Italian coffee (Briggs,
2015).
The parent company of Costa Coffee i.e. Whitbread PLC separated this division into four
diverse divisions that were handled by diverse teams. The Costa Company originally

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endorsed only vending coffee in the United Kingdom market with a slogan i.e. “Proud To
Serve”. In recent times, this has been altered to a 7 self-service vending machine of coffee
that is recognized by Scott Martin.
The stakeholders are the most important part of Costa Coffee as they are the reason the
business is surviving in the market. Some of the stakeholders of the business are suppliers,
employees, customers, governments, investors, and the environment (The Frog, 2017).
The Functional Areas of Virgin Atlantic Airways
The Virgin Atlantic Airways possess different functional areas such as Sales, Operations,
Creative and Design, Commercial, technology, Customer, Revenue and Customer Loyalty.
Source [(The Official Board, 2018)]
The business structure is said to be the class of organization that is lawfully documented in a
given authority and considered by the lawful description of that specific class. The Virgin
Atlantic Airways is a Cooperative that is planned mainly for offering service to the user-
owners, in place of making a profit for shareholders. There are different types of business
structure that reflect the purpose and goal of the entity. All the business structures possess

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their own kind of organizational chart as well as structure. The functional areas in the
organizational chart are interrelated with each other in terms of operations and support they
offer.
Organizational “functions” are the diverse parts of a business i.e. sales, marketing, HR, etc.
The structure of the organization is the association between these different functions. In some
companies, there may be a single ‘function’ that has an enormous effect, for example, sales.
As an outcome, the organizational structure may be affected in a manner that overplays to the
damage of other function of the organization. To spread the example, it could be considered
like how few of the tough personalities in the department of sales can avert the business from
shifting its structure of the organization (i.e. from functional to the matrix or divisional).
P1
Private Sector
It is the portion of the economy, at times stated as the citizen sector that is operated by private
groups or individuals, frequently as an enterprise for earning profit. The purpose for private
sector organizations is maintaining transparency in annual reports and financial reporting;
however, the transparency is restricted to the main stakeholders in the business (Bradley,
2018).
Public Sector
The public sector is said to be the portion of the economy comprised of public enterprises and
public services. It comprises governmental services and public goods like infrastructure,
public transit, military, water supply, and police (Whitehead, 2013). The key purpose of
public sector organization is to offer service to people at a similar time earning sufficient to
maintain better functioning, to acquire healthier substructure and to pay its personnel. They
operate on a commercial base.