MITS5507: Research Report on Business Process Modeling and Management

This report analyzes the academic paper "Factors and measures of business process modelling: model building through a multiple case study" by Bandara, Gable, and Rosemann. The report explores the objectives, research methods, and findings of the study, which investigates success factors and measures in business process modeling (BPM). The paper employs a multiple case study approach, examining nine projects across three Australian organizations. The analysis identifies key success factors such as stakeholder participation, management commitment, and communication, along with success measures like model quality and user satisfaction. The report emphasizes the critical role of human factors in BPM, highlighting the importance of change agents, effective communication, and top-level management involvement for successful implementation. The report concludes that while various elements contribute to BPM success, the human element is the most influential, particularly stakeholder participation and management support.

RUNNING HEAD: BUSINESS PROCESS MODELLING AND MANAGEMENT
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Business Process Modelling and Management
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Business Process Modelling and Management
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Article Discussion............................................................................................................................2
Introduction..................................................................................................................................2
Objectives and Research method.................................................................................................3
Analysis........................................................................................................................................3
Findings...........................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................6

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Introduction
Business process modellng is the representation of the company’s workflows and business
processes in a graphical form using different graphical tools such as data flow diagram, flow
chart and many more and this is done mainly to identify areas of improvements in the business1.
The objectives behind using business process management or modelling are to improve process
speed, improve quality, reduce cycle time, and to reduce various operations cost. This report
focuses on the BPM success factors and the role of human factor in business process modeling
and management and various tools that are used for process modelling that include process
mapping and flowcharting2. Further this report discussed the article on “factors and measures of
business process modelling: model building through a multiple case study” and in below sections
the research method, issues and essence of article is provided with the brief conclusion.
Article Discussion
Introduction
Process modelling is considered as approach that helps the businesses to know how they conduct
operations, depict and define entities and enable the relationship with stakeholders. This
approach is used mainly to spread knowledge and awareness about business processes3. Authors
in this article define process modeling in businesses as the tool of represting processes of
business in a graphical way. The focus of article was on two areas that are measures to use to
check success of process modelling and factors that mainly are liable in the success of business
modelling. Further article highlights that process modelling success can be measure on two
parameters that are efficiency and effectiveness of project4. Process project modelling
considered to be effective if objectives are fulfilled and considered as efficient if all the activities
in process are completed on estimated or given time. To understand these success factors and
measures authors named it as independent variables and dependent variables. After that study is
conducted to analyze the most and least preferred measures and factors of process modelling as
this help in improving the process modelling implementation and help in to get maximum
benefits from that. Most of the business use BPM in order to know the progress of business

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processes and changes that are needed to make it more effective process so that overall
operational cost can be reduced and process efficiency can be measured5.
Objectives and Research method
The objectives of article are to know the success measures and main factors that ensure success
of business process modelling and to know the impact of these factors the paper focuses on
independent variable that is success factors and dependent variables that is success measures
relation with process modelling6. Further, problems and issues that are highlighted in the paper
are problems in measuring success of process modelling. The research method used in this article
is case study as multiple case studies are discussed as case study method counts in qualitative
analysis. The case studies include modelling of nine projects in three big players in Australia
and through that analysis conclusion and findings are presented by author on success measure
and success factor in process modelling4. Author use multiple case study to get proper evident
and to achieve these objectives. With this method author made a re specified process modelling
success model that helps in knowing the core or most important factors in success of process
modelling.
Analysis
The use of case study method helps authors to define individually the dependent and independent
variables. The success factors or independent variables that are highlighted in the article are
methodology used in modelling, language of modelling, tools used in business process
modelling, the experts who handled the projects , structure of the organization, project
management, participation of users, top management level of support, leadership style used in
implementation of project and communication strategies. Further the dependent variable that is
success measures are classified as modeler level of satisfaction, quality of the model used, model
use, user satisfaction, and process impact4. The analysis was done on nine success measures and
sixteen success factors. From the study authors highlight that “leadership and top management in
played a substantial role in successful process modeling” whereas project management and team
structure are less impacted factors that affect the process modelling success7. The most
important success factor that was identified in the article was user participation that is human
factor this indicates that role of human factor in process modelling is greater and that also
influence the success of process modelling. Other success factor that was identified was

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communication as effective communication proves to be successful for proper implementation of
process modelling. Few other success factors that remain in the queue were modelling
techniques, modelling tool and modelling language as somehow these factors also affected the
process modellig projects. Authors also get to know five more success factors that affected the
process modelling success that were need, culture, gathering information, importance of project
and complexity.
For finding the most important success measures in the process modelling the same data analysis
strategies were employed. The most important measure that was identified was model quality
and user satisfaction this gain same level of importance whereas modeler satisfaction was least
preferred success measure. Use of model was also most preferred parameter to measure success
of process modelling projects. Individual impact and process impact are also used as measures7.
In the nutshell, through multiple case studies analysis authors prepared re specified business
process modelling success model that differentiated success factors into project specific factors
and modelling factors and in that success factors that impacted the most on success of process
modelling are stakeholder level of participation, management commitment and support,
information or technological resources, management of projects in the time, expertise of
modelers, methodology used for modelling, language in modelling and tools used in the process
are identified. Further success measures that are important in process modelling are quality of
model, user level of satisfaction, individual impacts, process impacts and efficiency of projects.
By comparing the earlier main factors that contribute in the success of projects and measures
used for process modelling with the new developed factors it is identified that human factor from
both the sides that is for measurement and for success of project modelling is important as
without human factor project modelling cannot be implemented in an effective way in the
businesses. Process modelling require change agents, effective communicators and involvement
of top level management all these factors are related to people so from this it can be contrast that
to make process modelling successful these parameter should be take care of by the businesses8.
Findings
From the article it is identified that there are various factors that are considered in the success of
modelling projects and some measurements are also identified through which success of process

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modelling can be measured. Mainly parameters of success include efficiency and effectiveness.
The success factor that are identified in this case study are the most important one is stakeholders
participation that initially was taken as user participation but after analysis and findings it
changed as influence of stakeholders on the process modelling is more. Further, it is known that
support of management and commitment from the top level is another most important factor that
helps the process modelling projects to succeed9. Other least preferred success factors that are
identified include information resources, project management, modeler expertise, methodology,
language, and modelling tools. Other factors that are added by authors are importance and
complexity of projects. Success measures that are identified from the article are quality of model,
user level of satisfaction, individual impacts, process impacts and efficiency of projects. The
success factors and success measures that are identified are essential in process modelling10. So
this is known from the article that human factor contribute the most to the process modelling as
individual impact contribute to the most in the measurement of process modelling and success
factor that is analyzed and considered as the most important in success of process modelling is
stakeholder participation and management support these are also human factor that influence the
process modelling projects so in a nutshell it is commented that human factor plays vital role in
the BPM as the essence of this article was to know the success factors and to analyses the most
preferred and most influenced factor that impacted on the success of process modelling so it is
found that business process modelling benefits and implement or succeed if human factors are
effectively utilized or used in this process implementation otherwise the chances of failure will
increased and all this lead to failure of process modelling projects in the business11.
Conclusion
Business process modelling is mainly the presentation of the company processes in the graphical
form so that proper conclusion can be made whether processes are benefiting the company or not
with the help of this businesses get various advantages as improving processes leads to cost
reduction, reduction in lead time, and efficiency in the operations. From the article it is known
that there are many elements that are considered as important in the success of BPM but the most
influential factor is human factor and in success factor stakeholder participation and management
involvement is the most important success factor in project modelling, and in success measures

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of project modelling most important factor is user participation and individual impact so from the
study it is known that human factor impact the most in success of process modelling.

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References
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modelling: model building through a multiple case study," European Journal of
Information system, pp. 347-360, 2005.
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[10] R W Proctor and Van Zandt, Human factors in simple and complex systems. Australia:

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CRC press, 2018.
[11] Chang, Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. UK:
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