ACCG822 - Ethical Robots: Analyzing Issues & Business Perspective

This business report delves into the ethical problems and risks associated with ethical robots in business and society. It examines the maintenance of environmental regulations, decision-making capabilities, and protection of human rights in the context of robot implementation. The report includes a reflection on the implications of ethical robots, covering description, interpretation, and potential outcomes. It also references a flow diagram illustrating the action sequence in ethical robots. The analysis considers both the advantages and disadvantages of ethical robots, highlighting concerns such as the over-reliance on technology, manipulation risks, health impacts on employees, cybersecurity threats, and potential job displacement, concluding with the importance of aligning robot capabilities with organizational goals and ethical standards.

Running head: THE DARK SIDE OF ETHICAL ROBOTS
The dark side of ethical robots
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note:

1THE DARK SIDE OF ETHICAL ROBOTS
Executive Summary
The main aim of this paper is to focus on the focus on the dark side of the ethical robots which
are used in both business organizations as well as in our society. The paper will be focusing on
the ethical problems of the robots. The risk factors for the business operations and society will be
also discussed in the paper. The ethical issues associated with the robots such as maintaining the
governmental regulations, decision making capability and protection of human rights. The paper
will be concluding with a reflection unit which will be discussing the issues of the ethical robots.
The advantages and disadvantages of ethical robots will be also presented in this paper. The
different use of ethical robots will be discussed in the paper as well. The future implications of
ethical robots will be also stated in the conclusive units of the paper.

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Ethical problem..........................................................................................................................2
2.2 Risks for businesses and society................................................................................................2
2.3 How robots could be designed to be ‘ethical robots’................................................................3
3. Ethical issues around robots........................................................................................................4
3.1 Maintenance of Environmental regulations...........................................................................5
3.2 Decision making capability...................................................................................................5
3.3 Protection of human rights.....................................................................................................5
4 Reflection......................................................................................................................................5
4.1 Description.............................................................................................................................5
4.2 Interpretation..........................................................................................................................5
4.3 Outcome.................................................................................................................................6
5. Conclusion...................................................................................................................................6
5. Reference.....................................................................................................................................8

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1. Introduction
The notable objective of the paper is to focus on the dark side of ethical robots. This
business report will be discussing the ethical considerations of the robots, the risks for businesses
and society regarding the application of ethical robots. The risks associated with the use of the
ethical robots will be discussed in this business report as well (Kim 2019). The issues associated
with the use of ethical robots in the business sectors will be also discussed in this paper. The
business report will be also presenting a flow diagram describing the presentation of the
operations in an ethical robot (Zeng 2015). The importance of maintaining the environmental
regulations, decision making capability, protection of human rights, complexities of the
implementation procedure and data security issue regarding the use of the ethical robots
regarding the use of the ethical robots. This paper will be concluding with a reflective unit
stating interpretation, description and outcome of the use of the robotics in our society as well as
in the business organizations (Cave et al. 2018). The next unit of the paper will be discussing the
ethical problems in the context of designing the software.
2.1 Ethical problem
Most of the automated systems which are increasingly used in our society as well as in
different categories of business organizations. The rules and regulations of our society as the
work ethics has to be followed by the robots so that the desired results are obtained from these
advanced technologies. The evaluation of the predicted outcomes is one of the most significant
ethical issues associated with ethical robots (Etzioni and Etzioni 2017). To mitigate the issues
coming from this risk every ethical robot has a response button and it is utilized so that there are
no further damage. The behaviour of the human beings keeps on changing every moment and
there are concepts such as sarcasm which are increasingly being used by the users of the ethical
robots the automated systems cannot fully understand the behaviour or sarcasm. The action
of the approach which is taken by ethical robots cannot be revoked which is a very serious
concern for the ethical robots, at the same time it can be said that the ethical robots have to be
deployed using a professional IT governance plan (Jurkiewicz 2018). All these ethical concerns
have to be kept in mind with the so that the ethical robots have very less issues.
2.2 Risks for businesses and society
The use of ethical robots has an impact on both the business as well as in our society.
Along with that, it can be said that the use of ethical robots has both advantages and
disadvantages (Sharkey 2017). The different categories of risks for the businesses and society
will be discussed below.
o The excessive use of ethical robots in our society is having a very negative impact
on our society, as we are becoming more and more dependent on robotics
technology.
o There is an increased risk of human manipulation with the use of the ethical
robots in the business such as the manufacturing industries (Dalins, Wilson and
Carman 2018). Since these systems work entirely based on the algorithms it can
be said any kinds of security issues or breaching of the codes or other technical
aspects may have a direct negative impact on the business sales of the
organization.

4THE DARK SIDE OF ETHICAL ROBOTS
o The excessive use of the ethical robots in the business organizations is having a
negative impact on the health of the employees as well, diseases such as obesity
are becoming common in our society as well due to the lack of fitness issue
(McKee and Porter 2017). Expert IT technicians are required for maintaining the
ethical robots by the business organizations which requires separate investment
from the management team of the business organizations.
o The ethical robots have to be properly aligned with the organizational targets so
that the desired results are obtained, thus improper alignment or compatibility
issues between the employees of the organization and the ethical robots is also
very much risks regarding the maintenance of the profitability of the business.
o The application of the use of the ethical robots in the ICT organizations increases
different types of networking threats such as the threat coming from the
cybersecurity issues such as Wanna Cry Ransomeware (Wright 2018).
o The lack of job opportunities with the increasing use of the ethical robots is a
huge concern for our society as well, this risk is increasing at an alarming rate and
is having a direct impact on the national economy as well (Spiekermann,
Korunovska and Langheinrich 2018). The use of ethical robots is increasing in
military operations all over the world. The fully automated drones and artilleries
are used in the wars which are having a direct negative effect on our society as
well. The following unit of the paper will be discussing a flow diagram which will
be discussing the flow of action in the ethical robots.
2.3 How robots could be designed to be ‘ethical robots’
The primary determination of this unit of the business report is to highlight the working
principle of the instructions which are followed by the ethical robots to deal with the query
which are inserted by the users of the system. After the query or the requirement is inserted, the
process is initialized. The process is then reconsidered if more than one query is inserted. The
movement and reaction time of the robotic is then controlled. If the program is successfully
termination the program ends and if the program is not successfully terminated then the entire
process restarts (Gunkel, D.J., 2018). Video cameras are one of the most important specifications
of the ethical robots which are used in the defence sectors especially in the drones.

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Figure 1: Plan of action in response to a query in ethical robots
(Source: Lambert 2019)
This flow diagram is used by the ethical robots which are used for inspection purposes in
the manufacturing industries as well as in the military operations. This flow diagram has
numerous steps and each step of this flow diagram having its own significance (Zhao et al.
2018). The operational ability of the ethical robots is needed to be aligned with the
organizational activity or the tasks for which this technology or system is chosen (Lambert
2019). The use of these fully automated ethical robots in the business environments requires a
professional business model plan which has to be followed so that the entire does not have any
kinds of complexities (Borenstein and Arkin 2017). The goals and objectives if ethical robots are
needed to be clarified by the users of ethical robots.
3. Ethical issues around robots
There are different categories of ethical issues associated with the use of the robots in our
society as well as in the business organizations. The ethical issues have to be identified and
understood in the first place in order to deal with them in a structured and organized way (Dalins,
Wilson and Carman 2018). The following unit of the paper will be discussing ethical issues

6THE DARK SIDE OF ETHICAL ROBOTS
around the robots such as the decision making capability, maintenance of the environmental
regulations and protection of human rights in a detailed manner.
3.1 Maintenance of Environmental regulations
Most of the business organizations need to maintain sustainability development in their
working environment using the regulations stated by the government agencies. The
Environment Protection Act of 1986, has to be followed by every business organizations but
the use of ethical robots is a huge concern regarding the maintenance of the environmental
regulations (Jurkiewicz 2018). The working principles which are entirely based on algorithm are
needed to be changed according to the regulations stated by the government agencies. These
regulations have to maintain by the dedicated by the Human Resource department.
3.2 Decision making capability
The resources which are there in the business organizations must be recruited very
professionally using the HR department based on the qualification of the candidates as well the
experience of the candidates in the same industry (Yun et al. 2016). The decision making
capability of HR resources is very much important to deal with the issues concerning the use of
ethical robots in the production rooms of the business organizations (Cave et al. 2018). The
challenges thrown by the ethical robots in the business organizations have to be identified in the
first place so that the robots can be used for many years as it requires huge investments from the
shareholders of the business organizations.
3.3 Protection of human rights
The protection of the human rights of the users of the robots is the other significant
ethical concern of the robotic technologies used in the business environments such as the nuclear
power plants and the chemical industries (Borenstein and Arkin 2017). All the stakeholders
associated with the ethical robots have to understand the working mechanism of the robot as well
so that it can ensure the safety and security of the users accessing those robots.
4 Reflection
4.1 Description
According to me, there are numerous categories of ethical issues associated with the use
of the ethics robotics both in different types of industries as well as in the society in different
types of home-based appliances (Etzioni 2018). The following unit of the paper will be
discussing the interpretation of the use of the ethical robots for optimizing the business process
of business organizations.
4.2 Interpretation
According to me, the increasing use of ethical robots are leading to numerous difficulties
are they are having a direct impact on the users. I believe that the lack of conscience of the
ethical robots is a huge concern for the users as there are situations where conscience is needed
especially in the decision making process (Bringsjord 2015). I think that predictability is one of
the most important ethical concern for the ethical robots which are used by business
organizations. The issue of predictability of ethical robots is always overlooked by most of the
business organizations. The impact of the use of ethical robots in our society also has a negative
impact on the behaviour of human beings which has to be solved in the first place. Along with
the negative impact, it can be said that the business processes of the industries are optimized with

7THE DARK SIDE OF ETHICAL ROBOTS
the use of ethical robots (McKee and Porter 2017). The following unit of the paper will be
discussing the outcomes of the use of ethical robots in business organizations.
4.3 Outcome
I believe that the use of ethical robots has both advantages as well as disadvantages. The
optimization of the process in business organizations as well as in our society are the positive
impacts of the ethical robots whereas the huge initial investment required from the management
team of the business organizations and investments required from the shareholders of the
organization are the other limitations for the use of these ethical robots (Salvini 2015). The
incorporation of the ethical robots in our society as well as in the business organizations requires
an effective IT governance plan (Etzioni 2018). The use of the ethical robots in the decision
making procedure in a business organization must be following concepts such as equity and
equality which are not always easier to follow by the ethical robots. There is a very low sense of
humour for the ethical robots which are used in the business organizations (Vanderelst and
Winfield 2018). However, along with the issues of the ethical issues, it can be said that there are
no ethical considerations such as biasedness and racism. I believe that there are many adversaries
associated with the use of ethical robots such as automated drones. There are different categories
of technologies which are required in the business environment of business organization such as
the big data technologies and the cloud computing technologies (Wagner 2018). Considering the
future, I think that the use of the ethical robots in the business organizations is also a huge
opportunity of the cybercriminals to show their potentials in terms of new advanced
sophisticated ways of attacking institutions. Thus the use of ethical robots in future has to be
done using proper planning.
5. Conclusion
Thus the paper concludes the use of the ethical robots in both business organizations as
well as in society. The paper concludes the ethical issues associated with the use of robotics such
as evaluation of the predicted outcomes and understanding the behaviour of the users. The risks
of the use of ethical robots in business in terms of the alignment of the technology and
organizational capability can be also determined from this paper. The paper helps in concluding
the risk of the use of ethical robots in our society in terms of the increasing health issues such as
obesity. The procedure followed by the ethical robots when a query is inserted into the robot is
also presented using a flow diagram. At the same time, the ethical issue associated with the use
ethical robots such as the maintenance of the environmental regulations such as the
Environment Protection Act of 1986 and protection of human rights can be also understood
from this paper. The impact of the ethical robots in our society as well as in workplaces can be
also concluded in the paper. Thus, this business report is very much useful to understand the
ethical issues associated with the robotics from a business perspective.

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Figure 2: Contribution of ethical robots in business sectors
(Source: Created by the author)
Ethical
Robots
Accomplish
organizational
objective
Security
threats
Manage the
automation
process
Training
schedules

9THE DARK SIDE OF ETHICAL ROBOTS
5. Reference
Borenstein, J. and Arkin, R.C., 2017. Nudging for good: robots and the ethical appropriateness of
nurturing empathy and charitable behavior. AI & SOCIETY, 32(4), pp.499-507.
Bringsjord, S., 2015. A 21st-century ethical hierarchy for robots and persons: EH. In A world
with robots: international conference on robot ethics: ICRE (Vol. 84, p. 47).
Cave, S.J., Nyrup, R., Vold, K. and Weller, A., 2018. Motivations and risks of machine ethics
[40pt]. Proceedings of the IEEE, (99), pp.1-13.
Dalins, J., Wilson, C. and Carman, M., 2018. Criminal motivation on the dark web: A
categorisation model for law enforcement. Digital Investigation, 24, pp.62-71.
Etzioni, A. and Etzioni, O., 2017. The ethics of robotic caregivers. Interaction Studies, 18(2),
pp.174-190.
Etzioni, A., 2018. Robotic Care of Children, the Elderly, and the Sick (with Oren Etzioni). In
Happiness is the Wrong Metric (pp. 265-277). Springer, Cham.
Gunkel, D.J., 2018. The other question: can and should robots have rights?. Ethics and
Information Technology, 20(2), pp.87-99.
Jurkiewicz, C.L., 2018. Big Data, Big Concerns: Ethics in the Digital Age. Public Integrity,
20(sup1), pp.S46-S59.
Kim, D., 2019, January. Understanding the Robot Ecosystem: Don't lose sight of either the trees
or the forest. In Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.
Lambert, A., 2019. Intimacy, Cosmopolitanism, and Digital Media: A Research Manifesto.
Qualitative Inquiry, 25(3), pp.300-311.
Lamberton, M., Levy-Abegnoli, E. and Thubert, P., International Business Machines Corp, 2016.
System and method for implementing a robot proof web site. U.S. Patent Application 14/827,291.
McKee, H.A. and Porter, J.E., 2017. Professional communication and network interaction: A
rhetorical and ethical approach. Routledge.
Salvini, P., 2015. Of Robots and Simulacra: The Dark Side of Social Robots. In Human Rights
and Ethics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 1424-1434). IGI Global.
Sharkey, A., 2017. Can we program or train robots to be good?. Ethics and Information
Technology, pp.1-13.
Spiekermann, S., Korunovska, J. and Langheinrich, M., 2018. Inside the Organization: Why
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Vanderelst, D. and Winfield, A., 2018, December. The dark side of ethical robots. In
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Wagner, C., 2018. Sexbots: the ethical ramifications of social robotics' dark side. AI Matters,
3(4), pp.52-58.

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Yun, J.J., Won, D., Jeong, E., Park, K., Yang, J. and Park, J., 2016. The relationship between
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