Introduction to Business Studies: Motivation at Jack Discount Store

This report, focusing on Jack Discount Stores, a discount supermarket chain, explores the application of motivational theories to enhance employee performance and satisfaction. It begins with an introduction to business studies and the significance of employee motivation in achieving organizational goals. The main body delves into two key theories: Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which distinguishes between motivational and hygiene factors, and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which addresses basic, safety, social, self-esteem, and self-actualization needs. The report analyzes how Jack Discount Stores can implement these theories to improve their working environment, increase employee engagement, and ultimately boost productivity. It provides practical examples of how the store can satisfy employee needs, such as offering fair compensation, providing opportunities for growth, and fostering a positive work environment. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of a motivated workforce for the success of a business, particularly for a new store like Jack Discount Stores, and references relevant academic sources to support its findings.

Introduction to Business
studies

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Different motivational theories which will work for Jack discount stores.................................1
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Business is considered to be the source of money for every individual. Business refers to
an activity performed or service rendered which provide goods to satisfy consumer needs and
attain profit. Business studies can be defined as the study of how business works. It provides an
opportunity for self development and provides appropriate choices(Bennett, 2014) .
This study will help in analysing various theories of motivation and will cover a new
discount store “Jack” as it is very crucial for a business to realise the worth of their employees
potential to attain goals and objectives. In order to make employees stay in a new store what all
roles will be performed by an HR Assistant.
MAIN BODY
Different motivational theories which will work for Jack discount stores.
Tesco is British multinational grocery and a general merchandise retailer. Jack Discount
Store was founded by Tesco, it is a discount supermarket chain which was founded in 2018. This
store was opened to compete against Aldi and Lidi. As Jack is a new store, Tesco is trying to
provide Jack's employees proper motivation regarding the work environment because motivation
plays an important role in increasing the productivity and efficiency of employees (Chang,
2015).
Motivation plays a very important part in increasing the productivity of any organisation.
It refers to influencing an individual to perform best of their ability to attain organisational goals.
Human beings engage in various actions. Every action has an aim and have some good and bad
consequences. These aims, punishments and rewards serves as a motivation for engaging in
some action and creates a driving force which stimulates an individual to perform an action. So,
Jack stores can use various motivational theories to motivate employees, which are mentioned
below:
1. Herzberg theory of motivation: This theory is also known as Two-factor theory and was
developed by Fredrick Herzberg in 1959. The theory was developed to truly motivate an
employee business needs to create some conditions in order to build a satisfied working
environment. This theory is based on two factors i.e., motivational factors and hygiene
factors. Motivational factors are those which motivate the employees for better
performance and are known as satisfiers (Stahl and Tung, 2015). These factors are
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present while performing the job, and employees find these factors really motivating
additional benefits are provided to them which includes recognition, growth and
promotional opportunities,etc. Whereas Hygiene factors are those which are essential for
existence of motivation at workplace. If these factors are not present at the workplace, it
leads to dissatisfaction amongst employees. Dissatisfaction could be prevented by
making improvements in hygiene factors. These factors helps in describing the job
environment and are also called as dis-satisfiers, as they are required to avoid
dissatisfaction. These factors includes pay, working conditions, fringe benefits, etc.
This theory will work for Jack discount stores, as in this approach the employees will be
paid according to their performance so no disputes will arise between the employees and
managers. Jack store may aim to motivate its employees by paying attention to hygiene and
motivational factors ( Gilding, Gregory and Cosson, 2015). They can motivate their employees
by appropriate and timely communication, by involving staff in decision making and by
distributing responsibility.2. Maslow's Need Hierarchy: This theory was developed by Abrahm Maslow. It comprise
of five-tier model of human needs and it was believed that an individual can be motivated
by these essential needs i.e.,basic, security, social, self-esteem and self-actualisation
needs. This theory will work for Jack store, as the managers over there can focus on
fulfilling the needs mentioned below: Basic Needs: It refers to those needs which are essential for survival of an individual. It
includes food, shelter, etc. Jack store can satisfy this need by providing a peaceful place
of work, regular pay and essential facilities which can motivate employees to work. Safety Needs: Once the basic needs of an individual is fulfilled, then they want their job
to provide safety against crisis. Jack store can satisfy this need by providing security of
formal contract of employment as well as pension and sickness scheme which will ensure
safety at the workplace to the employees. Social Needs: It refers to the need of belongings with others and to be a part of
something. In this level the need for emotional relationship drives human behaviour. Jack
Store can satisfy this need by promoting team and group working at various levels in
order to avoid problem of depression and anxiety (Zsolnai, 2015).
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 Self-esteem needs: it refers to the need for appreciation and respect, when a task is
performed by an individual. Jack store can fulfil this need by giving respect and praising
for the hard-work of employees. By the conduct of 360 degree feedback and appraisal
system, it will recognise the contributions of an individual (Schechner, 2017).
 Self- actualization needs: It refers to those needs in which an individual fulfils his
potential by actually being himself. Jack store can satisfy this need by offering personal
development plans,opportunity for promotion and career progression programme to
employees, which will help them in building interest.
THEORIES ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Herzberg theory of
motivation
 This theory will help
Jack Stores in offering a
better work environment
to employees.
 It will help in providing
satisfaction of job to
employees.
 For example: Jack store
reward their employees
according to their
performance, it will help
the employees in
contributing their best to
attain organisational
goals.
 This theory may build
dissatisfaction amongst
workers if the hygiene factors
are not considered.
 One of the major disadvantage
is that the motivational factors
may change during an
individuals life.
 For example: jack stores are
not paying their employees the
fixed amount of salary, then it
will build dissatisfaction
amongst workers and they
may leave the workplace.
Maslow's need
Hierarchy theory
 It provides a detailed
summary of an
individuals need which
will be useful for Jack
store.
 It motivates individuals
 To analyse need of individuals
becomes difficult sometimes
because they are dynamic in
nature.
 It becomes difficult to apply
this theory because all
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to grow to a certain level.
 For Example: the
workers who are working
from a long time in Jack
store, the company will
majorly focus on
satisfying all the needs of
customers.
individuals think in a different
way.
 For Example: when an
employee newly joins Jack
store, it becomes difficult for
the company to analyse the
need of customers.
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CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been analysed that to conduct a business, it is very essential
for a business environment to provide a satisfied working environment to its employees. In order
to give a satisfactory working environment and attain business goals, motivation plays an
important part in the cycle of business. As Jack Discount stores are a newly developed stores,
they will have to enhance the morale of employees in such a way that they perform best of their
ability and can stay competitive in the market. It helps in enhancing the performance of
employees such that organisational goals can be achieved fast.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bennett, R. J., 2014. Entrepreneurship, small business and public policy: Evolution and
revolution. Routledge.
Chang, V., 2015. A proposed cloud computing business framework. Nova Science Publisher.
Gilding, M., Gregory, S. and Cosson, B., 2015. Motives and outcomes in family business
succession planning. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(2). pp.299-312.
Schechner, R., 2017. Performance studies: An introduction. Routledge.
Stahl, G. K. and Tung, R. L., 2015. Towards a more balanced treatment of culture in
international business studies: The need for positive cross-cultural scholarship. Journal
of International Business Studies. 46(4). pp.391-414.
Zsolnai, L., 2015. The spiritual dimension of business ethics and sustainability management.
Springer,.
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