Business Research Project: Workplace Discrimination Impact on Primark

This business research project investigates the impact of workplace discrimination on employee performance, focusing on Primark as a case study. The project begins with a research proposal outlining the aim to identify this impact, along with specific objectives, and a rationale for the chosen topic. A literature review explores the concept of workplace discrimination, its positive and negative impacts, and methods to improve employee performance. The methodology section details a quantitative research approach, employing questionnaires to collect primary data from Primark managers, and secondary data from various sources. Data analysis involves content analysis and frequency tables to interpret the findings. The project concludes with findings, recommendations, and a personal reflective statement discussing the research methods used and areas for further investigation. The research examines the various types of discrimination, its effects on business performance, and methods for improvement within the organization.

Business
Research Project
(Equality and diversity in the workplace)
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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................3
1.1 Research Proposal..................................................................................................................3
(I) Research project description...............................................................................................3
(II) Research aim and objectives.............................................................................................3
(III) Reasons for choosing this research project......................................................................4
(IV) Activities and timescales.................................................................................................4
Chapter 2: Literature review............................................................................................................6
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................6
2.2 Literature review....................................................................................................................6
Chapter 3: Methodology..................................................................................................................8
3.1 Research Approach................................................................................................................8
3.2 Methodologies:......................................................................................................................8
(I) Sampling –..........................................................................................................................8
(II) Data analysis......................................................................................................................9
(III) Cost, access and ethical considerations............................................................................9
Chapter 4 Data Collection and Analysis........................................................................................10
4.1 Data collection.....................................................................................................................10
4.2 Data analysis, presentation and discussion..........................................................................12
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations............................................................................23
5.1 Conclusions..........................................................................................................................23
5.2 Recommendations................................................................................................................24
Chapter 6: Personal Reflective Statement......................................................................................24
6.1 Reflect on the research methods used in your project.........................................................24
6.2 Consider research methods that could have been used........................................................24
6.3 Areas for further research or consideration.........................................................................25
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................26
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Research Proposal
(I) Research project description
Discrimination at workplace means is treating and proposing to treat, an individual
employees unfavourably or differentially because of their characteristic protected by law.
Discrimination at workplace has negative impact over performance of employees (Sapada and et.
al., 2018). For this report Primark is a chosen retailer that specialise in selling of clothes,
cosmetics and house wares to the customers. Within an organisation, discrimination is major
issue that have impact on employees as well as business performance in negative manner. Impact
of discrimination over employees reduced their performance, productivity, motivation and
satisfaction level. These will turn to impact on business by increase high employee turnover,
reducing brand reputation etc. Therefore, these are main issues of discrimination at workplace.
(II) Research aim and objectives
Research aim:
Main aim of this report is “To identify the impact of workplace discrimination on
employee’s performance at workplace.” A case study on Primark.
Research Objectives
 To know the meaning and concept of workplace discrimination.
 To understand the positive & negative impact of workplace discrimination on the
performance of staff members working in Primark.
 To examine various types of methods which help the workers of Primark in improving
their performance?
Research questions
 What is the positive & negative impact of workplace discrimination on the performance
of staff members working in Primark?
 What are the various types of methods which help the workers of Primark in improving
their performance?
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(III) Reasons for choosing this research project
Main reason behind selecting this topic is to increase knowledge about the discrimination
and its impact at workplace and on employee’s performance. By doing this research, researcher
can easily understand about the negative effect of workplace discrimination on performance of
employees. By performing this study, they can also identify certain ways for improving
employee’s performance at workplace (Webster and et. al., 2018).
(IV) Activities and timescales
Gantt chart is one of the best and useful tool for identifying timescale of each activities
(Amjad and et. al., 2018). This chart includes number of activities that will be shown as below:
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Chapter 2: Literature review
2.1 Introduction
It is systematic identification and location of document concerning information related to
the research program. It is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current
knowledge on a particular topic. It is use as database report of primary or original scholarship
and does not report new primary scholarship itself
2.2 Literature review
Meaning and concept of workplace discrimination.
As per the view presented by Benstead (2018), workplace discrimination is a condition
when employs of an organization are treated unfairly due to some reason. Workplace
discrimination will be depended on equal pay of compensation, national origin, pregnancy,
gender discrimination, religion, caste, disability, physical appearance; all are the main causes of
the issue aeries of discrimination within the workplace. The concept of discrimination takes into
consideration after globalization of economy. Companies hire workforce from different
countries, religion, places for enhancing their efficiency of organization. But employee and most
of time labours are affected and conflicts aeries among labours and employers related to
discrimination. This concept is used for study to give essential information to mangers regarding
workplace discrimination and strategies and polices are develop which are use for solving issue
regarding unfair justice within the organization
Positive & negative impact of workplace discrimination on the performance of staff members
working in Primark.
According to the Harness (2019), workplace discrimination will be positively as well as
negatively impacted on business organization which is described below:
Positive impact:
Diversification will help in increasing motivation among employee and labors to increase
their performance as mangers give incentive and bonus on the basis of performance.
Diversification also help in team coordination as manger of Primark divided group of employers
and give accommodation in the basis of their performance it will help in increasing performance
and management abilities among all the group members.
Negative impact:
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Issue related to caste, and religion of employs will directly impact on their morale and
ethics, they get de motivated due to these issues. It will result in higher rate of labor turnover, as
labor get dissatisfied and resign the organization, this will reduce rate of performance of the
company.
Types of methods which help the workers of Primark in improving their performance.
According to the Ciner (2019), there are various methods that will be requiring to follow by
Primark for enhancing performance of their employees. Some effective ways will be determined
as below:
Training: By using training manger of Primark can enhance performance of their
underperform employers and labor.
Communication: Manager of Primark can improve performance of their employers by using
effective communication tools, with their communication skills they motivate and enhance
capabilities of their employs to work toward achievement of goal of the organization.
Workforce management: For managing all the employers’ mangers play games, as study
which will help in increasing their knowledge and it also useful for increasing coordination and
team work of the employs.
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Chapter 3: Methodology
Methodology is a vital tool use for research program, it is a process of systematically
analysis the methods use and applied for research study (Aoyama, Hoshika and Honda, 2018).
This tool is also help investigator for collecting essential data from various respondents. There
will be several methods which are use for the current research, all are mention below:
3.1 Research Approach
It is a systematic framework of research section. Research approaches considered those
plans and policies which are used for collection of essential data, analysis and interpretation of
the information collected from theses data. Investigator uses research approaches on the basis of
problem of the study. It is divided into two parts, quantitative approach and qualitative approach.
For this research quantitative study has been decided as it will help in finding conclusion in
effective way. On the other side for data analysis purpose inductive and deductive sort also uses.
For this project deductive approach has been applied with quantitative information (Gaur and
Kumar, 2018).
3.2 Methodologies:
Investigators use primary and secondary sources for collection of their research data.
Primary data are those information which are first time uses and collected directly from
investigators to the main source of research questionnaire are prepared for collection of
information by using primary sources. Secondary data are those data which are collected by
other. For collecting information from secondary data, magazine, newspaper, books journals are
use. In this study both primary and secondary sources are uses by investigator to collect
information for this research (Gjesfjeld and et. al., 2020).
(I) Sampling –
It is a systematic technique which is used for deciding sample size from the total
population. There will be 2 types of sample technique which can apply by investigators,
probability and non probability. For this research study probability technique is use for sampling,
by using probability technique investigator recruit or selects 20 managers of Primark on random
basis. This technique is help investigators for effective use the time and minimize cost of the
research program as compare to non probability technique of sampling (Güven, 2018).
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(II) Data analysis
In this section of the research methodology investigator analysis all the data collecting by
sampling process. It is essential part of the research process as it is the responsibility of the
investigator to provide reliable and valid information related to the data. Investigator use content
analysis this tool has been used for analysis data in minimal time and it also useful for making
questions related to the data. Investigator will be used graphs, tables, for analysing their
quantitative data and table and graphs also use for representing information in an effective
manner (Kelly and et. al., 2018).
(III) Cost, access and ethical considerations
This is necessary part of each methodology step use during research program. For doing a
research program it is essential for every researcher to follow their ethical rules and work in a
system way which helps in saving their cost. For collection of primary data large amount of
monetary resource require thus investigators needs to used those tools and method which help in
reducing their cost of program, after that they need to access all the relevant information from
employees of Primark for collection of data investigator are need to follow ethical principle, of
confidentiality, beneficence, antonym etc. It is necessary for investigators to complete their
research in systematic way (Page and et. al., 2019).
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Chapter 4 Data Collection and Analysis
4.1 Data collection
For collecting information regarding the workplace discrimination and its impact on
employee’s performance questionnaire has been applied. This is a useful instrument of primary
data collection that will be beneficial in gathering of quantitative and reliable information about
the existing study (Schoonderbeek, 2018). Questionnaire will be prepared as below:
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you familiar about the concept of discrimination at your workplace?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What type of discrimination have impact on your workplace in Primark?
a) Age based discrimination
b) Gender based discrimination
c) Disability based discrimination
Q3) According to your opinion, discrimination at workplace of Primark have impact of
employee’s performance?
a) Yes
b) No
Q4) What are the main negative effects of workplace discrimination over performance of
employees who’s working in the Primark?
a) Poor moral of employees
b) Poor satisfaction towards job
c) Lack of motivation
Q5) What is the impact of workplace discrimination ob business performance of Primark?
d) Higher rate of turnover
a) Decreased Business’s reputation
b) Reduced productivity level
c) Decreased sales and profitability
Q6) What ways that would be require to use by Primark for eliminating the issue of workplace
discrimination over employees?
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a) Must be focus on diversity
b) Development of written policy that defines rules and procedures
c) Documentation and Treating everyone the Same
d) Establishment of consistent process for resolving discrimination issues.
Q7) What are the relationship between the discrimination and employees performance at
workplace of Primark?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q8) What are the methods through which Primark can improve performance of their employees?
a) Development of training method
b) Encouragement of continual communication
c) Development of inclusive working environment
Q9) What are advantages get by Primark by resolving the issue of workplace discrimination?
a) Cooperation and collaboration between employees
b) Decreased employee turnover
c) Increased productivity
d) Increased employee and customer satisfaction
Q10) Recommend factors that will be require by Primark for reducing the discrimination and
promoting equality and diversity at workplace.
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4.2 Data analysis, presentation and discussion
Data Analysis: This is an effective process of analysing information about the current
investigation. This report is based of quantitative research and for analysing quantitative
information content analysis will be applied. As it facilitate in analysing of quantitative data in
easier way and also not consume more time of researcher. Under this method, number of themes
has been developed that support in analysing of results within lesser time period (Wu and et. al.,
2018). Along with this, in order to analysis quantitative data, researcher will require to make
frequency table because it support in identification of respondents and their view about each
questions.
Frequency table
Q1) Do you familiar about the concept of discrimination at your workplace? Frequency
a) Yes 15
b) No 5
Q2) What type of discrimination have impact on your workplace in Primark? Frequency
a) Age based discrimination 7
b) Gender based discrimination 10
c) Disability based discrimination 3
Q3) According to your opinion, discrimination at workplace of Primark have
impact of employee’s performance?
Frequency
a) Yes 15
b) No 5
Q4) What are the main negative effects of workplace discrimination over
performance of employees who’s working in the Primark?
Frequency
a) Poor moral of employees 7
b) Poor satisfaction towards job 8
c) Lack of motivation 5
Q5) What is the impact of workplace discrimination ob business performance of
Primark?
Frequency
a) Higher rate of turnover 5
b) Decreased Business’s reputation 5
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c) Reduced productivity level 5
d) Decreased sales and profitability 5
Q6) What ways that would be require to use by Primark for eliminating the issue
of workplace discrimination over employees?
Frequency
a) Must be focus on diversity 5
b) Development of written policy that defines rules and procedures 4
c) Documentation and Treating everyone the Same 5
d) Establishment of consistent process for resolving discrimination issues. 6
Q7) What are the relationship between the discrimination and employees
performance at workplace of Primark?
Frequency
a) Positive 3
b) Negative 15
c) Neutral 2
Q8) What are the methods through which Primark can improve performance of
their employees?
Frequency
a) Development of training method 8
b) Encouragement of continual communication 7
c) Development of inclusive working environment 5
Q9) What are advantages get by Primark by resolving the issue of workplace
discrimination?
Frequency
a) Cooperation and collaboration between employees 4
b) Decreased employee turnover 6
c) Increased productivity 5
e) Increased employee and customer satisfaction 5
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Data Presentation: In order to present quantitative data, there is requirement of creating
number of tables and graphs. These tables and graphs will be shown as below:
Theme 1: Knowledge about the concept of discrimination at your workplace
Q1) Do you familiar about the concept of discrimination at your workplace? Frequency
a) Yes 15
b) No 5
Interpretation: From the above mentioned table or graphs it has been concluded
understanding about the discrimination. There are total 20 mangers of Primark are selected for
analysing their opinion about the workplace discrimination. 15 out of 20 respondents have
familiar with the workplace discrimination in Primark. Remaining 5 respondents not are aware
about the same concept. Majority of participants have idea as workplace discrimination is based
on different prejudices and happens while member of staff is treated adversely for the reason of
gender, sexuality, race, religion disability, age etc.
Theme 2: Type of workplace discrimination
Q2) What type of discrimination have impact on your workplace in Primark? Frequency
a) Age based discrimination 7
b) Gender based discrimination 10
c) Disability based discrimination 3
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Interpretation: From the above graphs, it determined various kind of workplace
discrimination that has impact on business as well as employees performance. For this 7 out of
20 managers said as age based discrimination is main issue that occurs in workplace of Primark.
10 participants have opinion as gender based discrimination is major issue in working
environment of Primark. Remaining 3 respondents have view as disability based discrimination
happen in the working place of company.
Theme 3: Impact of discrimination on employees
Q3) According to your opinion, discrimination at workplace of Primark have
impact of employee’s performance?
Frequency
a) Yes 15
b) No 5
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Interpretation: According to the above data or information, it has been concluded that 15
out of 20 respondents said as discrimination at workplace have direct impact over performance
level of employees. Remaining 5 participants not have any kind of knowledge regarding the
same.
Theme 4: Negative effects of workplace discrimination over performance of employees
Q4) What are the main negative effects of workplace discrimination over
performance of employees who’s working in the Primark?
Frequency
a) Poor moral of employees 7
b) Poor satisfaction towards job 8
c) Lack of motivation 5
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Interpretation: This graphical presentation shown negative impact of workplace
discrimination on employees. 7 managers of Primark have idea as workplace discrimination is a
major issue that have negative effects on employee’s moral towards job. 8 participants have
opinion as it decreased employee’s satisfaction level and remaining 5 respondents said as
discrimination reduced the motivational level of workers.
Theme 5: Impact of workplace discrimination on business performance
Q5) What is the impact of workplace discrimination on business performance of
Primark?
Frequency
a) Higher rate of turnover 5
b) Decreased Business’s reputation 5
c) Reduced productivity level 5
d) Decreased sales and profitability 5
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Interpretation: This graph helped researcher by providing information regarding the
workplace discrimination and its impact on business’s performance. There are 20 respondents
selected and all they have to provide equal ratio about the discrimination impact on business.
These impacts are higher rate of employee’s turnover, decreased Business’s reputation, reduced
productivity level and decreased sales and profitability. These are considering main negative
impacts that have impact on Primark and its goodwill in marketplace.
Theme 6: Ways for eliminating the issue of workplace discrimination over employees
Q6) What ways that would be require to use by Primark for eliminating the issue
of workplace discrimination over employees?
Frequency
a) Must be focus on diversity 5
b) Development of written policy that defines rules and procedures 4
c) Documentation and Treating everyone the Same 5
d) Establishment of consistent process for resolving discrimination issues. 6
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Interpretation: Above mentioned data or table has been concluded that there are number
of ways that will be requiring to use by Primark for reducing the problem of workplace
discrimination on employees. 5 managers of the respective organisation have idea as company
must be focus of diversity as it will help them in increment of creativity and innovation at
workplace. 4 respondents have to provide their opinion as business should develop written policy
that defines rules and procedures. 5 participants have knowledge as documentation and treating
for everyone in equal basis is best ways for reducing the discrimination at workplace. Remaining
6 respondents have view as establishment of consistent process support Primark by resolving
discrimination issues at workplace.
Theme 7: Relationship between the discrimination and employees performance
Q7) What are the relationship between the discrimination and employees
performance at workplace of Primark?
Frequency
a) Positive 3
b) Negative 15
c) Neutral 2
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Interpretation: Above mentioned graph or information has been determined that
discrimination has negative relationship with employee’s performance. Discrimination at
workplace has to impact on employees in negative manner such as poor moral of employees,
poor satisfaction towards job, lack of motivation and many others. for this statement majority of
respondents said as it has negative effect and remaining 5 respondents said as discrimination has
positive relationship as well as negative also.
Theme 8: Methods for improve performance of their employees
Q8) What are the methods through which Primark can improve performance of
their employees?
Frequency
a) Development of training method 8
b) Encouragement of continual communication 7
c) Development of inclusive working environment 5
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Interpretation: Above mentioned table or information has been concluded that there are
various methods by which Primark can easily enhance performance of their workers. 8 out of 20
managers have idea as development of training method Support Company to increase learning
and knowledge of their employees about the business. 7 participants have opinion as
encouragement of continual communication support business by reducing conflict among
employees. This turn to assist them to increase performance level of their workers and retain
them for long time duration. Remaining 5 managers have idea as development of inclusive
working environment is beneficial for Primark to increase creativity among workforce and also
to reduce discrimination at workplace.
Theme 9: Advantages for reducing the issue of discrimination at workplace
Q9) What are advantages get by Primark by resolving the issue of workplace
discrimination?
Frequency
d) Cooperation and collaboration between employees 4
e) Decreased employee turnover 6
f) Increased productivity 5
f) Increased employee and customer satisfaction 5
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Interpretation: Above mentioned data has been analysed that there are numerous benefits
that can be attaining by Primark if they reduce or eliminate discrimination among employees and
at workplace. 4 respondents said as by which Primark can easily develop collaboration and
cooperation between employees. 6 managers have knowledge as by reducing the discrimination
at working place, organisation can decrease higher employee turnover. 5 respondents have view
as by eliminating workplace discrimination in an organisation, company can increase their
productivity level. Remaining 5 participants have idea as by resolving the issue of discrimination
at workplace, Primark become more able to increase satisfaction level among employees as well
as customers.
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Discussion: Discussion is based on both primary and secondary data (Wu and et. al.,
2018). In this section, researcher identifies relationship between the primary as well as secondary
information which will be explained as below:
To know the meaning and concept of workplace discrimination.
Primary information is match with the data founded in literature review from books,
magazines etc. Some authors have provided their view about the discrimination that helps
researcher in attaining of valid outcomes (Shen and Dhanani, 2018).
To understand the positive & negative impact of workplace discrimination on the performance
of staff members working in Primark.
Primary information is related with the data collected from number of secondary sources
for literature review. In this, several authors provided their view about the workplace
discrimination and its effect over performance of employees. This will help researcher in
attainment of 2nd objective easily (Yunita and Saputra, 2019).
To examine various types of methods which help the workers of Primark in improving their
performance.
From the above collected Primary information is different from secondary sources for
review of literature, it has been concluded that implementation of training method, creation of
inclusive workplace etc. are more useful ways for Primark to use and increase level of
employee’s performance easily.
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations
5.1 Conclusions
From the above mentioned information, it has been concluded that most of the respondents
are familiar with the meaning of workplace discrimination. According to the primary data, there
are different types of discrimination at workplace including age, gender disability and so forth.
Gender based discrimination is main issue at workplace of respective organisation and have
direct impact over performance and motivation of employees. Discrimination at workplace has
negative effect on employees in different ways such as poor satisfaction, motivation and moral.
Along with this, workplace discrimination also has negative impact on company in various
manners such as decreased business’s reputation, reduced productivity level, higher rate of
turnover, decreased profitability and sales. There are number of ways discussed that support an
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enterprise in eliminating of discrimination such as development of effective policies, focus on
diversity etc. In order to improve employee’s performance, number of methods used by company
such as development of inclusive working environment, development of training method and
encouragement of continual communication. By increasing employee’s performance and
reducing discrimination at workplace, company attuned number of benefits such as increased
productivity, decreased employee productivity and many others.
5.2 Recommendations
From the above mentioned data analysis, it has been recommended different ways for
Primark in eliminating of discrimination and promoting of equality and diversity at workplace.
These ways will be determined as bellow:
 Primark must focus on diversity as it will help them in development of innovation and
creativity at workplace. It turns to help business in promoting of diversity at workplace.
 Company must develop inclusive working environment to their all employees because it
support workers by increasing their performance level. As they work towards
achievement of long term goals and objectives of company easily.
 Primark must also develop continual communication process in their organisation
because it will help them in decreasing conflict and discrimination among employees at
workplace.
Chapter 6: Personal Reflective Statement
6.1 Reflect on the research methods used in your project.
In order to gather data about the impact of workplace discrimination on employee’s
performance I used number of methods. These Methods are Questionnaire, content analysis,
quantitative research, probability sampling etc. All these are effective methods for me because
these will facilitate in providing effective results or outputs of the study. Along with this I
prepared questionnaire that helped me by giving reliable and valid data about the existing topic.
6.2 Consider research methods that could have been used.
Interview as an alternative method of questionnaire that could have been used by
researcher for doing this investigation in future. Interview is a method of qualitative research that
could helps researcher in collecting of qualitative and valid information regarding the topic.
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Under this method, researcher could use to make number of open-ended questions and collect
valid data from the respondents (Page and et. al., 2019).
6.3 Areas for further research or consideration
This research is based on the impact of workplace discrimination on employee’s
performance. There are some areas for further research such as impact of gender based
discrimination on profitability of company, impact of age based discrimination on employees
working within an organisation, role of promoting equality and diversity at workplace etc. All
these are considering major areas for further research that support researcher in attainment of
better output easily (Kelly and et. al., 2018).
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