Business Research Methodology Report: Job Satisfaction and Performance

This report presents a comprehensive business research methodology focusing on the impact of job satisfaction on employee performance. It outlines the research philosophy (positivism), approach (deductive), and design (descriptive) employed, justifying each choice. The study utilizes non-probability sampling, specifically involving a supervisor from a hotel, and employs primary data collection through qualitative interviews. The data analysis involves open and axial coding, and the report addresses ethical considerations and limitations, such as the exclusive use of qualitative research. Fifteen interview questions are included in the appendix, designed to explore the relationship between job satisfaction and employee motivation. The report also includes a detailed literature review and references to relevant research articles. The research aims to provide insights into how motivational factors can increase the performance level of employees and the importance of job satisfaction for business success.

Running head: BUSINESS RESERAH METHODOLOGY
Business Research Methodology
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction:................................................................................................................................2
2. 0 Research methods:....................................................................................................................2
2.1 Methodology:.............................................................................................................................2
2.2 Population, sampling technique and population sample:..........................................................5
2.3 Data collection:..........................................................................................................................5
2.4 Data analysis:.............................................................................................................................6
2.5 Ethical consideration:................................................................................................................7
2.6 Limitation..................................................................................................................................7
2.7 Research instruments:................................................................................................................7
Reference List:.................................................................................................................................8
Appendix:........................................................................................................................................9

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1. Introduction:
Research methodology is the systematic and theoretical analysis of method that is applied
to the field of study. In order to conduct a specific research successfully, the researcher has to
use methodological tools. Impact of job satisfaction on employee performance is the primary
concern of this very specific study. In quest of collecting appropriate data and information about
the importance of job satisfaction for motivating the employees towards good performances, the
study used appropriate research philosophy, research approach and research design, sampling
technique and sampling size. It has been observed that organizations have to face large number
of employee turnover due to the lack of proper employee motivation. In this very specific
research methodology chapter the study focused to collect appropriate data from the respondents.
Respondents provided their own opinion why job satisfaction is needed for rendering the success
of business. Different data analysis tools have been used for providing accurate and clear
findings about the research issue.
2. 0 Research methods:
2.1 Methodology:
In this very specific research, three primary tools have been used which are discussed
below:
Research philosophy:
Research philosophy is the systematic method on how data is accumulated, evaluated
and utilized. Based on the basic facts, knowledge and concept the research issue is evaluated by

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applying keen observation. Research philosophy is primarily constituted with three types
including positivism research philosophy, realism research philosophy and interpretivism.
Realism research philosophy is chosen in case of limited sample size. In interpretivism research
philosophy, the researcher gets the scope of interpreting facts and concepts collected from keen
observation (Neuman, 2013). This very specific study has focused to evaluate positivism
research philosophy for evaluating data and information.
 Justification of the chosen research philosophy:
As per the views of positivists, observation is repeatable but the phenomenon is isolated.
With the help of repeated observation, the researcher had evaluated the research issue from
different perspectives (Lewis, 2015). In other word, with the help of this specific research
philosophy, collected information was cross checked. Employees’ performance is highly based
on their job satisfaction level. In order to evaluate this research issue the study focused to make
keen observation by implementing positivism philosophy on how motivational factors can
increase the performance level of employees.
Research approach:
Research approach is primarily based on theoretical database, be it existing theory or
non-existing theory. Research approach is of two major types including deductive research
approach and inductive research approach. Deductive research approach is highly dependent
on existing theories and inductive approach is based on non-existing theory (Brinkmann, 2014).
However, in this very specific study, the researcher has used deductive approach.
 Justification of the chosen research approach:

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This very specific research issue includes the impact of job satisfaction on employee
performance. With the help of deductive research approach, the study has evaluated research
issue based on existing theories discussed in literature review (Flick, 2015). In addition, those
specific theories help to identify the factors that affect on employee performance.
Research design:
Research design is the systematic method of arranging the entire data collection
technique in a systematic way. Research design is primarily constituted with three major types
including descriptive research design, explanatory research design and exploratory research
design. Based on the data collected from different resource explanatory research design helps to
evaluate data and information from different perspectives (BNS & HV, 2013). Exploratory
research is very much effective in evaluating information after exploring research issue. In this
specific research design the researcher, get the scope of interpreting research issue. However,
this very specific study has focused to select descriptive research design.
 Justification of the chosen research design:
Descriptive research design helps in evaluating the research issue based on the collected
data and information without any interpretation. This particular research design did not give the
scope of interpreting data in different ways. Research did not give own opinion on the various
components of research issue. Based on the collected information the research issue is described.
Descriptive research design enables an individual to produce appropriate data and information
without analyzing it. The researcher does not have that scope of interpreting necessary data from
various perspectives. Panneerselvam (2014) stated that research findings and analysis should not
be interpreted as it is not based on fact but on data.

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2.2 Population, sampling technique and population sample:
Population is the set of element that is constituted with common characteristics. While
collecting appropriate data and information researcher intends to involve those participants who
are involved with the research issue. In order to identify the group of people associated with
research issue the researcher has decided to use population for involving the respondents in order
to gather information (Bauer, 2014). Sampling technique is the systematic method gathering
appropriate data amidst large number of population. Sampling technique is of two major types
including probability sampling technique and non-probability sampling technique. In this very
specific study, non-probability sampling technique is used.
With the help of this specific sampling method, selective group of people directly
associated with the research issue were involved for gathering information. In order to gather
appropriate data only one supervisor from a particular hotel was selected. The point of view of
this specific supervisor was collected on how job satisfaction leaves a major impact on the
overall performance of employees (Choy, 2014). Supervisors are directly associated with the
employees for directing them towards reaching the business goal. Therefore, this very specific
research study has focused to use non-probability sampling technique for directly involving the
supervisor.
2.3 Data collection:
Data collection is the systematic method of gathering appropriate information and data
from various resources. Data collection method is primarily constituted with two major ways that
include primary data collection method and secondary data collection method. Primary data
collection method helps the researcher to collect relevant information directly from the

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participants (Roberts, 2013). As a result, an immediate response can be gathered from the
concerned respondents. On the other hand, secondary source of data collection technique
acquires necessary information from different books, journals, websites, and magazines and so
on. However, in this very specific study, primary data collection method is used for gathering
direct response of the participants.
 Justification of the chosen data collection technique:
The most important reason of choosing primary data collection technique is to get an
immediate response from the participants. Among quantitative and qualitative form of research
work, the study has focused to use qualitative research work for making an in-depth interview
session with organizational manager (Gale et al., 2013). Total 15 interview questions related to
the research issue is prepared by involving 1 organizational manager. As per the approach of
Spradely, interview questions should be directly associated with the research question. The
researcher while forming the interview questions should focus on research objectives and
research question primarily for evaluating the research issue from different perspectives.
2.4 Data analysis:
Data analysis is the procedure of providing data findings with the help of appropriate
analytical tools (Tong et al., 2012). In order to evaluate qualitative data analytical tool the study
has focused to use open coding and axial coding. Open coding is the systematic data analytical
method based on observed data in order to make an in-depth qualitative analysis (Reynolds et al.,
2014). On the other hand, axial coding is the digression of core themes at the time of qualitative
data analysis. With the help of inductive and deductive approach, this very specific study by
using axial coding has analyzed core themes of research issue from different perspectives.

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2.5 Ethical consideration:
While conducting the entire study researcher had to follow proper ethics and values.
While collecting appropriate data about the research issue the researcher did not force the
respondents for providing information. In addition, data protection act is strictly followed
throughout the entire research process. Without taking permission of the respondents, the
researcher should not disclose any personal detail of the participants. Moreover, while selecting
respondents the researcher took an unbiased decision by implementing anti-discriminating act.
2.6 Limitation
Research process is not devoid of some of the major limitations. This particular study is
not exceptional to that. The researcher due to the lack of time has focused on conducting
qualitative form of research only. In order to make in-depth research method, the study could
have focused to conduct an effective survey as well to gather immediate response from the
participants. In addition, positivism philosophy is based on keen observation. The researcher
could have used post positivism philosophy, which is based on observation with proper evidence.
2.7 Research instruments:
As an effective research instrument, 15 interviews questions were made in order to
communicate with the organizational manager directly. By communicating with the manager, the
study has focused to evaluate on how job satisfaction is important for improving the performance
level of the employees. (15 interview questions are attached in the appendix)

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Reference List:
Bauer, G. R. (2014). Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research
methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity. Social science &
medicine, 110, 10-17.
BNS, R., & HV, R. (2013). An overview of interpretive phenomenology as a research
methodology. Nurse Researcher (through 2013), 20(6), 17.
Brinkmann, S. (2014). Interview. In Encyclopedia of critical psychology (pp. 1008-1010).
Springer New York.
Choy, L. T. (2014). The strengths and weaknesses of research methodology: Comparison and
complimentary between qualitative and quantitative approaches. IOSR Journal of
Humanities and Social Science, 19(4), 99-104.
Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research
project. Sage.
Gale, N. K., Heath, G., Cameron, E., Rashid, S., & Redwood, S. (2013). Using the framework
method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research. BMC
medical research methodology, 13(1), 117.
Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), 473-475.
Neuman, W. L. (2013). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Pearson education.

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Panneerselvam, R. (2014). Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..
Reynolds, D., Creemers, B., Nesselrodt, P. S., Shaffer, E. C., Stringfield, S., & Teddlie, C.
(Eds.). (2014). Advances in school effectiveness research and practice. Elsevier.
Roberts, T. (2013). Understanding the research methodology of interpretative phenomenological
analysis. British Journal of Midwifery, 21(3), 215-218.
Tong, A., Flemming, K., McInnes, E., Oliver, S., & Craig, J. (2012). Enhancing transparency in
reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: ENTREQ. BMC medical research
methodology, 12(1), 181.

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Appendix:
15 interview questions:
1. Do you think employee performance is important for rendering business success?
2. What is your personal opinion about employee job satisfaction?
3. Do you think motivation is important for satisfying the demands of employees?
4. Are the two overarching concepts job satisfaction and employee performance related to
each other?
5. What are the major factors that motivates employees in a business organization?
6. Do you believe that there is an opportunity for individual career growth and
development within the company?
7. Will you be working for the same organization in next 2 years and how will you motivate
your juniors for the same?
8. Are you satisfied with your Job overall?
9. What are the de-motivating factors for your organization that can discourage the
employees?
10. Is your team an inspiration for you to do your best at job?
11. Do you struggle to get information to make better decisions at work?
12. Do you feel you are rewarded for your dedication and commitment towards the work?
13. Does your team provide you support at work whenever needed?

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14. When do you feel that you are not getting an effective support from your team
members?
15. What strategy would you like to implement for satisfying the employees to render good
performances