This report provides a comprehensive analysis of various business aspects, including micro, small, medium, and large businesses, detailing their characteristics and examples. It explores different business structures like sole trader, partnership, limited liability, public limited liability, and cooperatives, highlighting their key features. The report also examines organizational structures, specifically focusing on how they impact business productivity, using Marks and Spencer as a case study. Furthermore, it employs PESTLE analysis to determine how external factors, such as political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental aspects, influence business performance, providing insights into the challenges and opportunities businesses face in the current environment. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and emphasizing the importance of understanding these factors for business success.