Comprehensive Report: Transport Modelling and Business Development

This report provides a detailed analysis of transport modelling, a crucial technique for optimizing transport-related operations in businesses. It begins with an introduction to the concept of transport modelling, tracing its origins and evolution, and highlighting its significance in transport planning. The report then delves into the interrelationship between transport modelling and planning, emphasizing the importance of land use planning and its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, it explores economic, technological, and policy perspectives that planners must consider when evaluating, assessing, and designing transportation infrastructure. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and emphasizing the importance of transport modelling for businesses, particularly those in the supply chain field, and recommends the development of a systematic approach to infrastructure planning.

REPORT ON MODELLING

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
Concept of transport modelling.......................................................................................................3
Origin of transportation modelling..............................................................................................4
Use of transport modelling in transport planning........................................................................4
Land use planning........................................................................................................................5
Perspectives that must be considered by planners for evaluation, assessment and design of
transportation infrastructure.............................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Transport modelling is the one of the most important technique that is mostly used by the
business firms to optimise their transport related operations. In the current report, concept of
transport modelling are discussed in detail. Under this, origin of transport modelling are
discussed in detail and varied developments that happened in transport modelling are discussed
briefly. Apart from this, in the report transport modelling and planning are discussed briefly.
Interrelationship between transport modelling and planning is established in the report. Land use
planning are discussed in detail and along with this its advantages and disadvantages are
discussed briefly. At end of the report, policy, technology and economic perspectives are also
discussed briefly.
Concept of transport modelling
Concept of transport model is very important that is used by the firms operating in
transportation sector. As per facts when it is projected to build roads then in that case one use
transport model to identify how much traffic the road will carry, what must be wideness of road
and extent to which it must be wide etc. This reflects that there is huge importance of
transportation modelling because by using same better decisions can be made by the managers
(Tako and Robinson, 2012). Transport models cover public transport, walking and cycling as
well as many other things are covered in these models. Transportation model is a term that
reflect the model under which the shortest route is identified that can be followed to carry out
product from the warehouse to the destination place in the short time period. There are number
of methods under the transportation model that can be used to perform calculation under
mentioned model. Under transportation model principle of transplanting is used and whole items
are taken from one place to another without any change. It can be said that there is significant
importance of the transportation model for the business firms. Simulation models are also used in
the transportation model. It can be said that varied sort of problems require different sort of
models. It must be noted that travel demand modelling was first of all developed in 1950 and it
was used as a means to do main road planning (Yoo, Cho and Yücesan, 2010). For land use and
air quality issues also transport modelling is used. Under transport model there are four stages
trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice and route choice. Calculations are performed
around these stages and in this way transportation model is developed.
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Origin of transportation modelling
Transportation modelling was developed 60 years ago in order to sort out number of
problems. Transportation model was first developed in 1953 and up to 2015 different approaches
of transportation model were developed. Transportation model was developed in order to control
cost of transportation. Earlier, cost of transportation was very high and in order to control same
transportation model was developed. By using this model shortest route of transportation of
goods its identified. It can be said that there is huge importance of the transportation model for
the business firms. From the date of development of model till the date there are number of
transportation models that are developed by varied scholars to help business firms to control cost
of transportation (Carvalho. and et.al., 2012). This make transportation mode ling techniques
very effective in nature. This is the reason due to which transportation model is used at large
scale by the business firms specially those that are working in supply chain field. With passage
of time some models are developed in transportation method like North west, Vogel’s
approximation method and optimal solution method. Algorithms in all these methods is totally
different from each other and due to this reason to some extent these approaches show different
results. However, all these methods help one in identifying short method of transportation. It can
be said that these transportation methods are highly efficient in nature.
Use of transport modelling in transport planning
To large extent transport modelling is used for transport planning and under this different
calculations are performed to identify the shortest route of transportation of goods. According to
received output planning for transportation is done. This is because through calculation route is
identified but transportation company to consider varied factors to start operations of
transportation of goods on that route. It can be said that output generated by transportation model
is not sufficient but planning for commencing operations specific route is also important. In
current time period most of the managers are heavily relying on using transportation models to
solve transport related problems and controlling cost of same. Under transport modelling first of
all planning is done and under these firms divide entire geographic area in to different zones
(Long, Lin and Sun, 2011). For each zone number of trips entering in to zone and exiting same
zone is identified. For all zones entry and exit related data is gathered. In the second stage origin
and destination of trips is identified by using company internal data. Simulation of tour
origination and destination is done. In the third stage, simulation is done in respect to allocation
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of trips to alternative modes like car and bus etc. In the fourth and last stage routing of trips is
simulated on the network of roads. Transit routes are determined in the transportation method by
considering congestion and delay of components on relevant networks (Tayur, Ganeshan and
Magazine., 2012). Thus, in this way transportation planning is done on the basis of transportation
model. It can be said that there is huge importance of the transportation modelling for better
planning of transportation.
Land use planning
In respect to land use planning transportation land use models (TLUM) are used by the
business firms. Under this model, varied sort of calculations are performed. It must be noted that
there are number of reasons due to which TLUM is developed. One of these reasons is that this
model have an ability to predict future urban patterns that are based on varied assumptions that
are related to economic factor. This model is used to evaluate the potential impact of legislations
in respect to environmental standards (Zhao and et.al., 2011). There are many other uses of
TLUM model like it is related to testing theories and policies which are directly related to urban
system. There are some advantages and disadvantages of TLUM model for the business firms
and some of them are described below.
Advantages In current time period urban and regional science is developed and this lead to
advancement in modelling which help relevant entities in making prudent decisions
(Rodregue, 2017). Surveys are conducted and under this data related to urban mobility is
gathered. In the TLUM model this information is used to make decisions.
Disadvantage
 Main demerit of the TLUM model is that in same social, economic and technological
changes can not be taken in to consideration (Bottani and Montanari, 2010). Hence, with
change in these variables relevant outcome can not be obtained from TLUM model.
Perspectives that must be considered by planners for evaluation, assesment
and design of transportation infrastructure Economy perspectives: There are number of distributors and manufacturers that are
operating in supply chain and are focusing on developing transport infrastructure. Firms
develop different hubs for transportation of goods in their business. In this regard there is
need to develop this hub in systematic way so that transportation cost can be reduced and
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items can be transported from one place to another place easily and in short time period.
Thus, it can be said that it is very important to develop transportation hub in better
manner. This is the economic perspective that one must take in to consideration.
Transportation infrastructure must be developed in specific manner which support
business needs. This is important because many times in business specific problem arise
and if transportation infrastructure is designed in systematic way then in that case cost of
transportation can be reduced and business problems can be handled in proper manner
(Chan and Zhang, 2011). Before commencing development of infrastructure it is very
important to do some assessments about future business needs and accordingly
infrastructure must be developed. By doing so cost in the upcoming time period can be
controlled from increase and by doing so economies of scale can be generated in
business. Technology perspectives: Technology play a vital role in growth of an organization. It is
very important to make effective use of technology in the business because by doing
business operations can be performed in better manner. By using technology like
analytics data that is generated from current transportation structure can be identified and
analysed and on that basis solution of varied business problems can be identified.
Moreover, reasons due to which problem originate can also be identified. In this way
technology perspective of manager is very important because by using same existing
transportation infrastructure can be made more efficient and cost can be controlled in the
business. It can be said that technology perspective matter a lot for the business firm
(Ramanathan, 2014). By using analytic tools current technology infrastructure can be
evaluated in depth and lots of hidden factors can be identified which will be further used
to make decisions. It can be said that there is huge significance of the technology for the
business firms. Thus, firms must implement ERP and CRM system at the workplace and
by using same varied sort of data can be gathered in the business. By using inbuilt or in-
house analytic platform time to time data can be analysed and relationship can be
identified between multiple variables. On that basis direction in which decision need to
be made can be identified (Thierry, Bel and Thomas, 2010). Thus, it can be said that by
developing technology base any firm can reduce cost in business and can determine the
structure in which it must built network of distribution channels in the business.
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 Policy perspectives: Policy refers to the set of action that firm usually will take on
happening of certain event. Policy are like guidance book which is used by the firms to
make business decisions. Policy can also be used in transport related activities. For
designing infrastructure firm can follow specific policy under which it can decide to
develop transportation hub in proximity to each other and by doing so it can ensure that if
there will be scarcity of commodity in one warehouse then same item will be available
from other warehouse in short duration. Specific policy can be formulated in respect to
evaluation of different transportation related activities (Azadeh and Alem, 2010). These
policies must be prepared prudently by the business firms because by doing so business
performance can be improved to great extent. Current era, is of optimization of business
operation and under this firm need to take number of steps to improve its condition.
Proper risk management system must be followed in the business because by doing so
risk can be managed in proper manner in the business. Proper mechanism must be
followed in the business in respect to risk management and under this there must be a
specific and straight policy in the business that must be followed to control the situations.
Thus, it can be said that there is huge importance of the policy for the business firms
because by making its best use and by preparing it in the systematic manner prudent
decisions can be made in the business. Hence, time to time business policy must be
modified by the firm.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above discussion it is concluded that there is significant importance of the
transportation model for the business firms. It is recommended that transportation model must be
used by the firms that are operating in supply chain on regular basis. By doing so the shortest
path can be identified in respect to transportation of goods. This will lead to reduction in cost of
transportation and generating economies of scale in the business. It can be said that there is
significant importance of the transportation model for the business firms.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Azadeh, A. and Alem, S.M., 2010. A flexible deterministic, stochastic and fuzzy Data
Envelopment Analysis approach for supply chain risk and vendor selection problem:
Simulation analysis. Expert Systems with Applications. 37(12). pp.7438-7448.
Bottani, E. and Montanari, R., 2010. Supply chain design and cost analysis through
simulation. International Journal of Production Research. 48(10). pp.2859-2886.
Carvalho, H. and et.al., 2012. Supply chain redesign for resilience using simulation. Computers
& Industrial Engineering. 62(1). pp.329-341.
Chan, F.T. and Zhang, T., 2011. The impact of Collaborative Transportation Management on
supply chain performance: A simulation approach. Expert Systems with Applications. 38(3).
pp.2319-2329.
Long, Q., Lin, J. and Sun, Z., 2011. Modeling and distributed simulation of supply chain with a
multi-agent platform. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing
Technology. 55(9). pp.1241-1252.
Ramanathan, U., 2014. Performance of supply chain collaboration–A simulation study. Expert
Systems with Applications. 41(1). pp.210-220.
Tako, A.A. and Robinson, S., 2012. The application of discrete event simulation and system
dynamics in the logistics and supply chain context. Decision support systems. 52(4). pp.802-
815.
Tayur, S., Ganeshan, R. and Magazine, M. eds., 2012. Quantitative models for supply chain
management. Springer Science & Business Media.
Thierry, C., Bel, G. and Thomas, A., 2010. The role of modeling and simulation in supply chain
management. SCS M&S Magazine. 1(4). pp.1-8.
Yoo, T., Cho, H. and Yücesan, E., 2010. Hybrid algorithm for discrete event simulation based
supply chain optimization. Expert Systems with Applications. 37(3). pp.2354-2361.
Zhao, C.C. and et.al., 2011. Agent-based modeling and simulation on multi-stage supply chain
operation. In Advanced Materials Research . Trans Tech Publications.
Online
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Rodregue,J,P., 2017. [Online]. Transport land use modeling. Available through:<
https://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/methods/ch6m1en.html>. [Accessed on 26th June
2017].
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