Physics IA: Analysis of Butterfly Swimming Height and Velocity

This project analyzes the physics of butterfly swimming, aiming to improve competitive technique. The student recorded 50-meter butterfly laps, calculated average time and velocity, and assumed a 60-degree swimming angle. Using Excel, horizontal and vertical velocities, and vertical height were determined. Simulations generated a graph of vertical height against time. From the graph, maximum depth, average velocity, change in potential energy, and the number of cycles covered were calculated. The equation for the curve was derived, and velocity at a constant time change was computed. The analysis determined that the maximum vertical displacement occurs at a point where the maximum velocity is zero. The change in potential energy and the number of cycles for the average time were also calculated, demonstrating the relationship between energy and vertical displacement in butterfly swimming. The student concludes that the vertical height depends on the energy stored when entering the water, which converts to gravitational potential energy, thus determining the vertical displacement height of the swimmer.