Managing People in Organizations: A Report on Cadbury's HRM Practices

Desklib provides past papers and solved assignments. This report analyzes Cadbury's human resource management strategies.

MANAGING PEOPLE IN
ORGANISATIONS

Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
Task 1 Recruitment and Selection process..................................................................................................3
Task 2: Importance of induction and training programs..............................................................................6
Task 3: Motivation theories.........................................................................................................................8
Task 4: Individual behavior at work and effective teamwork...................................................................10
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................13
References.................................................................................................................................................14

Introduction
The report is based on managing people in an organization. it will contain information about
the recruitment and selection process of Cadbury. It will also include the importance of training
and induction programs, advantages and disadvantages of working in teams. The report will
also generate an in-depth analysis of various motivational theories. The report will also include
types of teams and their importance. It will also explain in detail the importance of individual or
employee behavior. Implications of individual behavior on the performance of company. The
importance of employee satisfaction will be discussed in detailed. This report will study the
organization behavior of Cadbury and how Cadbury manages their people.
Task 1 Recruitment and Selection process
Cadbury:
Cadbury is a British multinational confectionery company owned by mondelez international
headquartered at London. The company has operations worldwide with domestic as well as
international presence. Cadbury is known for its excellent service and best product quality. The
company is known for its dairy milk chocolate, Ross's selection boxes and crème egg. The
company is among the British most successful exports. Cadbury follows different recruitment
and selection process. They believe in hiring the right people at the right time. Recruitment is
the first step in creating a powerful base of people. The process undergoes a systematic and
well-planned procedure. It will start from sourcing to conducting a final interview to final
selection and joining. The recruitment and selection process of Cadbury are as follows:
 Online application
 Pre-selection
 Interview
 Job offer

1. Online application :
The first step in the recruitment process is very simple. Individuals are required to
upload their resume and fill an online form. The application form will be completed
step by step as per the company’s guidelines. This application will contain full details
about the candidates. It will include applicant name, area of interest, academic
qualification and many more. After registering online the candidates goes to the
next step.
2. Pre – Selection
This step will include the role type. Pre-selection will be done on the basis of role
candidates applied for.it may contain different roles like HR, marketing, etc. this
stage will be different. As in this stage communication and personality of the
individual will be checked. As Cadbury serves worldwide and English being the
official language. This stage will contain an in-depth understanding of the
candidate's communication skills, negotiation skills, and problem-solving skills.
Generally, this step would be conducted through a chart or call as per the situation
(Cascio, 2015).
3. Interview
After completing the pre-selection stage The shortlisted candidate will move to the
next round that is the final interview. The interview can be face to face or virtual. I
this stage the candidates will be judged o the basis of capabilities, skills, and
experience role and job fitment. Depending on the specific role topic of the
presentation will be given by company officials. After completing all the formalities,
testing and background checking would be there. In this stage, the interviewer can
also give case studies in order to know more about the candidates. This step is one
of the most crucial steps which ill either take the candidate or reject.
4. Job offer
The last step of the recruitment and selection process is offering a job to right and
deserving candidates (Clegg and Pitsis, 2015). This is one of the most exciting parts of
the whole process.in this step, Cadbury will send an employment contract to the

selected candidate including joining date. This will also give full information about
the induction period to their candidate in order to have a clear understanding. This
step will occur only after the final selection.
Job Advertisement Documentation related to a specific position within Cadbury
Job advertisement and specification of Cadbury are as follows:
Here is a great opportunity for the youngsters and individuals to work in the world's largest confectionery company.
We will welcome people who are capable and who wanted to get the best. Cadbury will provide you various
opportunities to succeed in the future. Cadbury is having a job vacancy for the post of human resource (HR)
Job title – human resource manager and trainee
Experience – 0-2 years
Qualification – candidates with good communication skills and pleasant personality. Master of business
administration/masters of computer administration with HR as specialization
Requirement
The candidate should have proper knowledge of management practice, ethics, and policies. Candidates with good
communication skills will be most preferable.
Note: please send your resume on [e-mail]

Task 2: Importance of induction and training programs
Cadbury
Training provides an opportunity to expand knowledge level of individuals. Training and
induction programs enhance a company's reputation and standards. Cadbury spends a lot of
money in training and induction programs of their employees. Cadbury believes that motivated
and trained employees bring more productivity to the organization. It helps the company in
meeting its objectives and goals. The importance of training for Cadbury is as follows:
 Training and induction help in optimization of human resource. It directly impacts the
performance of Cadbury (Ghaferi and Dimick, 2016).
 Training and induction build trust among team members. It inculcated the spirit of
teamwork among them.
 Training and development build a positive perception in the mind of customers about
the organization
 Induction and training programs develop a positive attitude, motivation, leadership skills
and loyalty which can help Cadbury in increasing its revenues.
 Training and induction programs help the candidates in knowing the culture of the
organization. It will ultimately bring more effective results.
Obstacles faced during training and induction programs
 Lack of engagement
Sometimes if employees feel training irrelevant and unnecessary they resist changing.
Employees lack on participation and engagement which could negatively affect the
organization (Hill and Bartol, 2016).
 Different learning habits
The learning habits and knowledge level of all the employees are different. As per their
family background, they value different cultures.
 Different generation in the same workplace

Such as different cultures have different learning styles. This could be on the biggest
hurdle while arranging training sessions. It would be difficult for the company to bring
all the employees in one place.
Solutions for overcoming obstacles faced during induction and training program :
 Various practices like a case study, role plays, and relatable example must be
incorporated in training and induction sessions. This method will engage the audience
and employees and will also make the happy (Körner, et al. 2015).
 Make use of just in time training and other methods in order to update skills. New
information must be convened only when needs.
 Training and induction programs must be conducted online as it will remove another
cost. The use of cost-effective and high performing tools should be there.
 Establish an active culture in the learning environment. It will boost employees'
engagement. It will further improve the performance of the organization and improved
performance will generate more revenues (Lamb, 2017).
So training and induction play a very important role in the overall development of
employees as well as organization. It helps in introducing staff into the organization. The
well-planned training sessions will help the firm in reducing staff turnover ratio with
more and more increased productivity. Nowadays training and development has
become an integral part of every organization and business.
Task 3: Motivation theories
Motivation theories describe the factors which drive the individual to work towards outcomes.
Motivational theories mainly differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic factors. It explains
that the motivation of employees is very important to achieve the objectives of the
organization. The two motivational theories are as follows which manages the performance of
employees.
1. Maslow’s need hierarchy theory ( Need theory )

2. Vroom's expectancy theory ( expectancy theory)
Maslow’s need hierarchy theory
According to Maslow’s need theory consumers and employees are motivated when their needs
are satisfied. Maslow's divide needs in five different stages
 Physiological needs
The first stage of needs hierarchy theory is physiological needs. In the case of
Cadbury the physiological is being fulfilled as chocolates are basic need of every
people now a day. There are various basic needs which individuals have like
food, air, water, etc. once these needs are alleviated people feel happy. If
philological needs of people are satisfied they move to another level of need
(safety need)
 Safety needs
These needs are mostly physiological in nature. Cadbury is successful in fulfilling
the safety needs of its consumers and employees. Safety needs are very
important from a consumer perspective to make a buying decision. So Cadbury
maintains a good working environment and best quality products (Leroy, et al.
2018).
 Social needs
Chocolates have always been a sign of friendship and belongingness. Cadbury is
able is to satisfy the social needs of its consumers. Cadbury brings people
together and inculcates the feeling of love among them.
 Esteem needs
Cadbury satisfies its consumers with the best quality and taste. The company is
fulfilling esteem needs which is very important to succeed
 Self – actualization
Self – actualization is the last stage of need described by Maslow's. Consumers
feel comfortable with the problem and start accepting. Cadbury makes its
customers self – actualized (Levi, 2015).

Advantages of Maslow’s need hierarchy theory :
o Simplicity is one of the biggest advantages of Maslow need theory. As all the individual
goes through one or the other stages of needs in their lifetime. Maslow's hierarchy of
needs is very simple to understand.
o This theory explains human nature. As when the customer lower needs are satisfied
they started demanding more. So it takes into account the nature of humans and
individuals.
o The need hierarchy theory of Maslow is relevant in all fields.it is one of the biggest
advantage of this motivational theory (Rahim, 2017).
Disadvantages of Maslow’s need hierarchy theory:
o The main disadvantages of motivational theory can be differences in culture. Different
people come from a different background it is very difficult to measure.
o The perception of individuals is different. Not all individuals think in the same way as
others. It is one of the disadvantages of need theory.
Vrooms Expectancy theory of motivation
According to vrooms expectancy theory of motivation workers are motivated to be more
productive. Vroom's expectancy theory assumes that behavior always results from the
conscious choice among alternatives. Vroom expectancy theory targets three basic elements
which are motivation, results, and outcomes. Vrooms believe that increased efforts will lead to
increased performance which will come from happy and motivated employees (Sacks, et al.
2015).
Cadbury follows expectancy theory as they are very much concern about their employee's
satisfaction and wellbeing. Cadbury is known for its employee's recognition practices all over
the world. Cadbury provides various benefits to their employees and staff which in turn help
the company in making profits. Cadbury maintains a strong relationship with its employees and
also take care of their needs. Cadbury also spends a lot of money on training and development

which helps the employees to learn the culture of the organization. Motivated employees and
staff bring the best to the company.
Advantages of expectancy theory
o Employees are motivated through rewards and incentives. Motivated employees help in
improving the performance of the organization
o This theory stresses upon expectation and perception which could be one of the main
advantage.
o It is based on self-interest individuals who wish to succeed in life and minimize
dissatisfaction (Salas and McDaniel, 2018).
Disadvantages of expectancy theory
o Sometimes expectancy theory seems to be a little idealistic. There are few individuals
who value rewards. Individuals think that rewards are not directly correlated with
performance.
o The theory will not work if managers are not participating actively. The manager must
accurately assess employees' expectations and capabilities.
Task 4: Individual behavior at work and effective teamwork
The way individuals behave within and outside the organization is termed as individual
behavior. There are various factors that influence the behavior of individuals. The various
factors are as follows
o Perception: Different individuals have a different set of perception. The process of
transferring sensory stimuli to meaningful information can be termed as perception.
o Attitude: it is one of the major factors responsible for changing the behavior of
individual. Attitude may vary from person to person depending upon the situation (Wirtz
and Lovelock, 2017).

Mars model of individual behavior
According to the mars model, there are mainly four components of Individual behavior and
performance. Cadbury also follows the mars model in order to evaluate an individual's
performance. Cadbury keeps in mind various factors that influence the behavior of an
individual.
 Motivation
It refers to forces within an individual that direct his/her behavior. Motivation is
generally goal oriented and can be internal and external. There are basically two
elements of motivation which is direction, intensity.
 Abilities
Abilities include both natural aptitudes and learned capabilities from the external
environment. Ability represents an important factor in the development of employees.
Cadbury also gives importance to the employee's abilities. As they hire individuals
according to their capabilities.
 Role perception
Employees of Cadbury have clear role perception. Cadbury provides a detailed
description of the job to their candidates in order to avoid confusion. They also arrange
various training programs so that employees could understand the role clearly.
 Situational factors
Cadbury also looks after situational factors in order to improve employee performance.
The organization has full control over situational factors like time, people, budget, etc.
on the other hand, there are some factors that are not under the control of the
company. Cadbury maintains a proper balance among situational factors (Aga and
Vallejo, 2016).
There are various other factors as well which affects teamwork. Nowadays working is the team
has become very important for all types of business. Factors that enable an effective team are

 Communication factor
Open and clear communication is key to maintaining the relationship. Open
conversation and interaction make the team better. The team will be effective only is
members talk and listen to each other.
 Cooperation factor
The effective team makes the members collaborated with each other. A good team
always encourages cooperation rather than competition. Cooperation among
employees helps the company in getting higher and better results.
 Trust factor
The success of a team depends largely on trust and honesty. With strong bonds,
members will not work with each other. They will not understand each other problems
Tuckman theory of group development
There are five stages to develop an effective team as proposed by Bruce Tuckman . These
phrases are very necessary for the team to grow, face up challenges and finding solutions and
plan results
1. Forming
This is the first stage when the team meets and learns about opportunities and
challenges. Team members behave to work independently. Team member gives their
best and usually focus on themselves only. This is one of the most important stage of
team development (Gibert and Westoby, 2017).
2. Storming
After the formation of the team, the members of the team started gaining the trust of
each other. The individual started learning about each other's likes, dislikes, etc. This
stage brings a polite and pleasant atmosphere.
3. Norming