Camera Sensor with Alert Notification on Phone - AI Project Report

This project explores the development of a camera sensor system designed to send alert notifications to a user's smartphone, enhancing vehicle security. The core of the project involves integrating a camera sensor with motion detection capabilities, enabling it to capture images or videos upon detecting movement within a specified range. These captured media are then transmitted to the vehicle owner's smartphone via a notification system, allowing for real-time monitoring and immediate response to potential threats or intrusions. The system incorporates features like night vision and remote access, along with the use of AI for face detection to minimize false alerts. The project addresses the limitations of existing parking sensor technologies by offering a comprehensive security solution, even when the vehicle's engine is turned off. The research covers project requirements, related technologies, and potential future enhancements, aiming to provide a robust and user-friendly vehicle security system.

Running head: CAMERA SENSOR WITH ALERT NOTIFICATION ON PHONE
Camera Sensor with Alert Notification on Phone
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

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Executive Summary:
There are advancement in technology every day. The rate at which the
technologies are evolving, at the same rate crime is increasing. Hence to provide a car with a
maximum security in the absence of its owner, an advanced technology of the existing Reverse
Aid camera is developed. This camera sensor is not just used for the parking of car. It is capable
of performing much more task. It has some features that will provide not only an obstacle free
parking but also a secured environment around the car by sending notification to the owner. The
intruder alert was previously only present with the CCTV surveillance camera. Now it can also
be done from a camera sensor present at the rear side of the car. There are some unique facilities
present in the device itself like night vision and remote access. The device is especially designed
to eradicate the restrictions of the previously designed system.

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Table of Contents
Introduction:........................................................................................................................3
Problem domain and research questions:............................................................................4
Problem statement:..........................................................................................................4
Research objectives:........................................................................................................5
Research questions:.........................................................................................................5
Background and related works:...........................................................................................5
Project requirement and analysis:....................................................................................9
Criteria for acceptance of the device.............................................................................15
Few areas where the new device may need some future work......................................16
Conclusion.........................................................................................................................17
References..........................................................................................................................17

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Introduction:
The parking sensors are a kind of a proximity sensors that are placed on a vehicles
vicinity in the rear or the frontal part such that a person can sit inside and park the vehicle
without facing an obstruction. The device alerts the driver about the presence of any object with
the help of electromagnetic or ultrasonic sensors [1]. This technology was already prevailing in
the system. Hence, a project is prepared such that when the car is parked, if there is any
movement in front of the car, the owner or the car in charge will immediately receive notification
on his or her smart phones. This will be an extra ordinary technology that can increase a car’s
safety up to a limit. The proximity sensors present in the camera immediately detects the motion
of any object, may it be living or non-living sends multimedia message to the owner. Hence, the
owner receives a notification along with an image of the object or the intruder and take actions
immediately. This device is expected to make sound and alert the neighbourhood too so that they
can come forward and look at the matter. The rear camera’s motion sensor is activated with any
movement within 100 meter radii. With development of latest and advanced technology every
day it is possible for the users to access certain things which are in their budget and easy to
install and command. This camera is designed efficiently so that it is efficient enough for the
user and saves time [2]. Device is not only light weighted but also it has an easy installation
process.
The camera is expected to perform a lot more than just detecting obstacle behind it while
parking. It has been laden with features to act as a surveillance camera while the car is parked
while the owner is away. The following research studies the Camera sensors on the vehicles [13].

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It also deals with the technologies that are added to the existing technology for sending
notification on the phone with many other features for better performance of the device. It also
discusses the features of the Reverse Aid camera designed [3].
Problem domain and research questions:
The prevailing system in this field used to generate noise and made use of some visual
aids such as blinking of LED for making the people surrounding it aware of the sensor. There
may be a scenario that an owner of the car had parked the car at a place and have been to
somewhere else. It is basically impossible to make some aware of the intrusion going on with the
car. Theft of the car was far easier as the owner of the car who is away from his vehicle was
unaware of the things going on with his car [4]. There was no way to make them alert of their
situation. Hence, it was necessary to make the owners aware of what is going on with his car.
The camera sensor with notification alert over phone makes even the distant owner of the car or
other vehicle aware of what or who has been around the car by sending those photographs to
them which were clicked by the camera.
Problem statement:
The technologies developed previously was capable for detecting objects of a certain
dimension. Alert was generated accordingly. But this alert was generally sound alert, which was
audible up to a limited range. The sound becomes inaudible or less coherent if a car is parked in
the parking lot. Hence, a technology has to be developed such that the owner is made aware of
any situation or issues happening around the car. Hence, this research is performed for
developing a better technology which is useful as well as efficient.

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Research objectives:
 To plan a development of a technology capable of sending notification after receiving
data from the Camera sensor of a parked car.
 To look for appropriate requirements for Camera Sensor for sending notification.
 To check how helpful it can be for the owner.
Research questions:
 How this technology can be used such that it can send notification to the owner after
receiving signals from the camera sensor?
 What are the requirements for this technology?
 How can it enhance the security of the cars and how can it help the owner?
Background and related works:
The parking sensor of the car was designed in a way that it can measure a specific
distance from an obstacle. The ultrasonic sensors are capable for evaluation of distance. Sound
waves are generated from the ultrasonic sensors. This sound wave echoes back after hitting an
object (if present). That time is initially measured and the distance of the vehicle from the object
is measured and the alert is generated. This system totally depends upon the sound wave
reflection as it is ultrasonic in nature. Hence, the system may or may not detect the object which
are not large enough or may be flat. This included objects which are longitudinally pointed
towards the car or even the objects which are capable of absorbing sound waves like wools or
mosses. In such cases there is a high chance of less or no detection object at allas the sound wave
may not return or the intensity of the sound wave returned is very less resulting in failure of
detection.

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Tom Heyes invented the Parking Sensor in 1970 while he was involved in the Blind
Mobility Research Unit in United Kingdom at the Nottingham University.The concept of the
Parking Sensor was developed from the Sonic Pathfinder. This electronic guidance mechanism
was developed for the blind people. The Parking Sensor was then known as Reverse Aid [32].
Later he proposed the mechanism to the Jaguar Cars who after testing the device criticized him
by saying “You like it because you are a one-eyed driver who cannot judge distances. Real
people would not want a thing like this”. Though he did not give up on his invention and
collaborated with a local vehicle manufacturer and around a hundred and fifty of Reverse Aids
were attached to Petrol tankers, delivery vehicles and trucks as no one wanted their cars to be
drilled for fitting the device.
Later in 1922, Electronic Parking Sensor was invented by Mauro Del Signor. The
Electromagnetic Parking Sensor or EPS was a technology which work on the mechanism of
temporarily slowing down the car when it is approaching an obstacle. Once the obstacle is
detected the vehicle motion is paused for a moment and a continuous signal is generated by the
vehicle for the presence of the object [11]. These were very effective for two reasons, firstly as it
alerts the driver continuously while approaching the obstacle; secondly it preserves the new
factory looks of the car as its elegant design makes it mountable without boring a hole in the car.
This technology kind of persists now a days but comes with a backup camera facility. Since
2018, United States of America is having a high requirement of backup sensor cameras for all
cars.
Apart from these technologies, Blind Spot Monitors are also used which can detect and
monitor objects on the sides of the vehicles. This technology also comes with the “Cross Traffic

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Alert” technology. When the traffic approaches towards the vehicle from the sides, it alerts the
driver so that it can back up in time.
But this was possible only for a certain distance and the value was limited, for example, a
few centimetres from the car. At times it would be even difficult to prevent a collision even after
the sensor detects an object as the range was too small for the driver to react urgently. The
Electronic Parking Sensors or the EPS with the wheel automated sensors are very useful but
these technologies also have some flaws. Firstly, these systems are short ranged. Secondly, these
devices works when the car is use or the engine is turned on. This can avoid undesired collision
from other vehicles or objects but they cannot detect or identify any sort of unethical activities
going around the vehicles when its engine is turned off [12].
The main purpose of the research is to plan a technique which can eradicate some of the
above mentioned flaws of the previously developed techniques, especially the one when the
engine is turned off. The technology to be designed is expected to work when the car is parked or
the engine is turned off. In some cases, the cars parked outside is either subjected to theft of
damages by ruffians. This technology is expected to be provided with a motion sensor camera
which is turned on with a slight movement of any object in front of it. The device detects the
movement and captures it. The images are then stored in the back up. Apart from this, the device
is equipped with sensors and gadgets that are capable of sending notifications to the owner of the
car. The movement captured by the motion sensor camera in the car are sent directly to the
owner which generates a high priority alert. In the era of Artificial Intelligence, where everything
can be achieved with a touch of finger as the device known as smart phones are very proficient in
one touch solution to almost everything, it will be very helpful for the vehicle owner to know
about their vehicles whereabouts in their absence. A person almost remained glued to their cell

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phones throughout the day, hence any notification received in their device reaches them almost
immediately provided there is an easy availability of the network in that area where the user is
present at the moment. Immediate actions can be taken by the user if there is some kind of
serious issues going around the car [9]. Previously there was a concept of smart home,
developing a concept of a device which can provide a smart environment around the car is
beneficial.
Illegal activities like the car thievery or illegal transaction behind the cars can be easily
caught over the camera. The notification system can even be helpful for the police as the tracking
of the criminals becomes easier. Though this can be very useful, but it can also be very annoying
at times. In a known surrounding, intruder alert can be very unpleasant. Hence, the technology
has been equipped with a very innovative solution. The camera is equipped with Artificial
Intelligence such that the device can detect faces. Few faces are pre-recorded and stored in the
memory of the camera. Whenever such entity comes anywhere near the sensor or the camera, the
motion sensor is activated, which locates the faces and checks with the databases [20]. If there is
a match, no notification is sent, but the snap of the person or the object is stored in the memory
of the device. Notification is disabled for these pre-recognized by the system. Hence,
unnecessary notifications can be prevented.
As the camera is set up to send push notification to the devices, it is provided with Wi-Fi
access. Dual- band Wi-Fi is preferred for remote viewing. The camera is capable of proper night
vision mode for assistance in detecting movement in the dark. The motion detection camera
enable push notification in no time and sends alert when any suspicious person or object is seen
in the camera. In short the Camera Sensor of the car can act as a full time surveillance camera for
the owner. Well the benefits of this system does not ends here. The camera is capable of making

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videos and send them along with the message to the owner. The owner on the other hand may
not be necessarily present somewhere near. They can access it from a remote location [7]. The
purpose of the camera is to provide all round security to the vehicle and it is expected to perform
it up to the fullest.
For remote viewing on the cell phones, an application can be downloaded in the phone
for accessing the Camera sensor. The application then scans for available devices and connects
to the camera. After linking the camera with the cell phone, the whole view can be seen by
clicking on the network camera view.
The motion detection which is recorded by the camera can be stored in a micro SD card.
This can be kept optional though. The storing of the recorded motion sensed videos can help
police in identifying the intruder who was trying to gain access to the car. These videos can be
played as many times as desired by the owner. The camera itself comes in handy and the
installation cost is very low. It can be installed by oneself without any technician’s assistance.
There is no subscription charges required. Thus the system is cost effective. The desired image
quality can be set by the owner. The modes can be changed from high definition image to
medium or average or may be low. Though it is preferred to keep it in high definition mode for
proper functioning of the system.
An all-time functioning camera which is placed mostly in outdoors has to be durable
enough to endure toughest weather conditions. It is designed to be waterproof so that service is
enabled even in the rainy, sunny or freezing weather without hindrance. The recording is enabled
for all the day and every day.

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Project requirement and analysis:
To proceed with this project there are certain requirements that has to be met. They are
stated as followed:
 Hardware requirements
For the motion sensor camera, a hard drive is required which remains
connected to the camera. The most suitable video camera that is best compatible
with the system will be iMac with an inbuilt camera. For an advantage of a fully
interactive operation, an Arduino board is required. Along with proximity sensor
[5], and colour recognition sensor.
 Interfaces for the software
Some user libraries has to be created for the purpose of processing. They
are, for the face detection and processing live video- OpenCV; for manipulating
and displaying video faster – GSVideo; for interaction with the Arduino Serial is
used. The libraries created helps in combining the sensors with how the videos
will be displayed.
 Motion sensor camera
Motion sensor camera is a technology developed in a way such that it
detects the movement of the pixels. When a person or an object moves in front of
the camera, the pixels of the screen present within the camera changes. The
change is then detected by the sensor and the camera is activated.
 Dual band Wi-Fi
There are two types of wireless router; they are namely single band and
double bands. The dual routers make use of two bands: 5GHz and 2.4GHz. They

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can transmit two signals simultaneously. Thus the performance is better in the
case of dual band routers. In comparison to the single band router, dual band
routers are easier to set up. For the purpose of a 360° coverage back up camera for
a car that can send notification with high definition image coverage, it is
beneficial to use dual band Wi-Fi router for faster and unhindered performance.
 Night vision mode:
The next most important function of this camera is the inclusion of the
night mode. The night mode present in a motion sensor camera can capture
anything and everything in the camera clearly even in the darkness. Most of the
intrusive activities occur at the night hours. The night vision camera makes use of
the infrared radiation. The infrared radiation detects the presence of very little
light and the sensor is activated. Later the little light is amplified to give a clear
vision of the image captured [28].
 Blind spot monitoring system
The camera is provided with a blind spot monitoring system. The work of
the blind spot monitoring system is to alert the driver of an approaching vehicle
when it is coming out of a parking space. Radar is used to detect the vehicles
approaching towards it. The radar detection system present within it helps in
preventing accidents [29].
 Remote controlled access
The remote control access is very beneficial and is an emerging trait. The
dual band Wi-Fi used in the camera system is highly capable of transmitting
signals over the air. Moreover, an application is installed in the smart phone or