Comprehensive Analysis of Carbon Emission and Environmental Effects

This research project, conducted by a student, investigates the critical issue of carbon emissions and their detrimental effects on the environment. The report begins by highlighting the role of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, as the primary drivers of climate change and environmental degradation. It explores the major sources of carbon emissions, including electricity generation and transportation, and presents data on emission trends in the United States. The report then provides a literature review, focusing on carbon dioxide emissions, and examines the practices of companies like Amgen in relation to environmental regulations. A theoretical framework is established, outlining the reduction initiatives aimed at mitigating carbon dioxide emissions. The research employs a conceptual model to illustrate the relationships between dependent and independent variables, along with hypotheses. Data collection methods, including the use of spreadsheets and SPSS software for analysis, are detailed. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses are performed to provide insights into carbon emissions and their impact, with references to relevant studies and data. The report aims to present a comprehensive overview of carbon emissions, climate change, and environmental degradation, drawing upon data analysis, literature, and theoretical frameworks.

Research project
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The Name of the Class (Course)
Professor (Tutor)
The Name of the School (University)
The City and State where it is located
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Introduction
Environmental factors are issue of a great concern to each and every individual especially when
it affects the current generation. Carbon emission illustrations has shown that greenhouse gases
are the main cause of negative environmental degradation. Apart from research, scientist have
also agreed that greenhouse are the main culprits of climate change issues and have mislead
people that the entire issue is about global warming. When burning fossils, the carbon is relished
to the air inform of the carbon dioxide, this gases trap also radiation in the atmosphere and this
hangs the overall temperature of the atmosphere. It is important to note that the largest producer
of carbon emission comes from electricity generation. This contributes to more than 32% of the
greenhouse emission. The United States government noted that over 70% of power used comes
from burning fossils and more specifically coal and natural gas. Apart from electricity, the other
largest contributor of carbon emission is the transportation which accounts for over 28% of the
greenhouse emissions. This carbon comes from things like vehicles, train and even ships.
According to the data given, the United States alone has received total Emission increase of 5%
since the years 1999. Despite the fact that this level dropped in 2011, the rate of emission is still
very high compared to other countries. The drop in that one year is primarily caused by the
decrease in demand for the electricity simply because the electricity demand came relatively
lower than expected (Keller & Oschlies., 2014 pg678). Many countries have cited that carbon
emission are the main cause of industrialization. Since the beginning of 18th century, human
activities have pumped in more and more carbon into the atmosphere and this activity has caused
an increase in the carbon levels in the atmosphere.

Literature Review – Summary (Not Assessed)
When countries talk about carbon emission, the main focus is on the rate of carbon-dioxide
emission. Naturally the CO2 released into the atmosphere in a number of ways. The largest
source of corbondi-oxide in most countries is imbalances in the ocean and in the atmosphere. In
the country listed in the research. There is also a various exchange of carbon-dioxide oceans and
atmosphere. Report also shows that animals have also emitted carbon dioxide through the
process of respiration when this decompose, most organism and soil produce energy which is
emitted in the atmosphere. Several companies are taken into consideration just to demonstrate
the effect that the carbon emission has to the country and to human character. Amgen is a
company that discovers, develops and manufactures innovative therapeutics. Being a
biotechnology company it as to realize the new technology based on the functions and the
environmental needs. It has to adhere t the rules and regulations of the country. In all there
manufacturing processes, they must ensure that the rules and regulation of the country is are
followed.
Theoretical framework
So many firms have come up with reduction initiative aimed at reducing carbon dioxide around
the world simply because carbon dioxide emission is one of the areas that may sabotage a
countries economy. In the year 2015 the United States president announced that there will be
new rules and regulations in place that will serve as a reduction measure of carbon dioxide
reduction in the country. The presidents says that each and every state will have only one year to
amend theirs rules on how they will reduce their emission per megawatts. This strategy will
actually help in having a better environmental strategy. The research design presents a
comparison in way and reasons why countries reduce the rate of carbon emission.

Conceptual Model
The conception model represents the dependent variable and independence variables. In this
case, the Dependent variable is response from different governments in relation to the Emissions.
The company’s represented in the report are the mediating variable because they are the counties
that implements the government’s rules and regulations. The conceptions model also represents
the Hypothesis. This is bot null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis. The two hypothesis
presents a guideline of the entire pattern in the work done by the various stakeholders
responsible for the emissions.
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Hypotheses
Some firms reduce the rate of carbon emission than others firms based on their countries’
regulations.
This hypothesis is based on the two variables.
Data Collection
Data collection.
Data collection was done using spreadsheet which is then taken to the specialized software’s for
analysis. This data is collected from different company in different companies. The shown in the
excel sheet, the data is based on what different companies deal with and how this dealing affects
their operations. This companies are then put into several categories and explanation given to
make the users understand them more and better (Lau & Eng, 2014, 675). The data from excel is
coded into SPSS software for analyst. This makes different strategies used by different
companies to deal with carbon emission better understand by the people who are meant to use
the research.
Data Analysis - Descriptive:
Descriptive analysis done on the SPSS software, SPSS held to measure descriptive values such
as mean, median and mean. This values presents the true figures of the data collected. SPSS
presents a frequency command which can be used to determine the rate of percentile, measure of
central tendency and rate of dispersion. The above diagram has two left column that are called
statistical and which has two different statistically values. This presents the means, the median
and the mode of the statistics. The skewers measure is greater than 0 when the distribution is
skewed. The kurtosis measure is 0 for a normal distribution. Positive values imply a leptokurtic

distribution, while negative values imply a platykurtic distribution. Data analysis is an important
because it help the researcher and the analyzed to make sense of the row data collected during
data collection. Descriptive information produced from the SPSS software is useful because it
provide some level of accuracy in the data.
ata Anal i n erentialD ys s – I f
From the research done, it is noted that a set of measurement can be regarded as measurement
fund on sample of item coming from a sample population. This is simply because it is usually
difficult to measure every item that was collected. In this regard, the inferential analysis was be
done on the country against the rate of carbon emission. This will provide a clear map on the
impact the industry emission have towards the environment. Inference value can only be true if
the values picked represents the entire population. By choosing the country and rate of emission,
the sample will defiantly reflect the population.

References
Lau, L.S., Choong, C.K. and Eng, Y.K., 2014. Carbon dioxide emission, institutional quality,
and economic growth: Empirical evidence in Malaysia. Renewable Energy, 68, pp.276-281.
Keller, D.P., Feng, E.Y. and Oschlies, A., 2014. Potential climate engineering effectiveness and
side effects during a high carbon dioxide-emission scenario. Nature communications, 5, p.3304.