Annotated Bibliography on Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites

This report presents an annotated bibliography focusing on carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP). It synthesizes information from ten online journals, discussing the performance and applications of CFRP composites. The literature review encompasses various aspects, including additive manufacturing techniques, the introduction of cryomilling for material analysis, methods for joining CFRP and aluminum alloys, and surface modification of carbon fibres. Furthermore, the report covers research on the impact behavior of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites, the enhancement of fracture toughness using carbon nanotubes, the effects of carbon nanotube deposition on flexural strength, recycling methods for CFRP waste, and the thermal and dynamic properties of hybrid composites. Finally, the report also examines the use of CFR-PEEK composites in medical applications. Each entry provides a concise summary of the research, highlighting key findings and methodologies.

Carbon Fibre Reinforced fibre
Name of the Student
Name of the University

Introduction
This report has focused on the annotation of literature based on carbon fibre reinforced polymer.
There are 10 online journals taken for getting knowledge related to the topic. The performance of
carbon fibre reinforced fibre polymer has been discussed in these journals. Various application
based on carbon fibre reinforced polymer have been discussed in this study.
Dickson, A.N., Barry, J.N., McDonnell, K.A. and Dowling, D.P., 2017. Fabrication of
continuous carbon, glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced polymer composites using additive
manufacturing. Additive Manufacturing, 16, pp.146-152.
“This study has analysed presentation of continues carbon, Kevlar and glass fibre reinforced
composites manufactured utilizing fused deposition modelling additive manufacturing technique.
The fibre reinforced nylon composites have been fabricated with the help of Markforged Mark
One 3D printing system. The results have been compared with both non-reinforced nylon control
elements which are called as property values from literature. It has been found that those
fabricated utilizing carbon fibre yielded largest increment in mechanical strength. Their tensile
strength has been has been valued as 6.3 times higher than obtained with non-reinforced nylon
polymer. After experimentation, it has been found that nylon composite strength has been in
following order: Carbon fibre > Glass fibre > Kevlar fibre.”
Fereshteh-Saniee, N., Reynolds, N., Kelly, C.A., Wilson, P.R., Jenkins, M.J. and Kendall, K.N.,
2018. Introducing cryomilling for reliable determination of resin content and degree of cure in
structural carbon fibre reinforced thermoset composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science
and Manufacturing, 107, pp.197-204.

“This paper has focused on novel material preparation method which has been presented
facilitating accurate measurement of the degree of cure and resin content within carbon fibre
reinforced polymer composites. It has been demonstrated that experimentally obtained enthalpy
of reaction and resin content has been varying with significant between analyses.” There has
been uncertainties in measurement as small element volumes have been extracted from materials
which has been exhibit both macroscopic inhomogeneity and physical discontinuities.
Pramanik, A., Basak, A.K., Dong, Y., Sarker, P.K., Uddin, M.S., Littlefair, G., Dixit, A.R. and
Chattopadhyaya, S., 2017. Joining of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and
aluminium alloys–A review. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 101, pp.1-
29.
“This paper focuses on information related to joining CFRP and aluminium alloys in past
literature in terms of bonding process, available methods and mechanism properties. These
method have been employed for comprising utilization of adhesive, self-piercing rivet, and
welding for joining CFRP and aluminium alloys. Experiment has been done in order to collect
data related to the research. The load bearing capacity of bolted joints has been dominating
friction which is first stage of resistance. There has been no model identified for predicting
properties of jointed structures. This has made difficult for selecting another applications. The
results shows that hybrid joint performance has been enhanced by including rivets, bolts and
clinch with adhesives.”
Zabihi, O., Ahmadi, M., Li, Q., Shafei, S., Huson, M.G. and Naebe, M., 2017. Carbon fibre
surface modification using functionalized nanoclay: A hierarchical interphase for fibre-
reinforced polymer composites. Composites Science and Technology, 148, pp.49-58.

“This paper describes that low interface strength has been a common issue for taking advantage
of excellent physical performances of carbon fibre reinforced with polymer composites.
Utilization of amino-fictionalized Nano clay as link between CF structures and epoxy matrix.
Amoni-functionalized Nano clay has been incrementing surface roughness and coefficient of
friction. A high compatibility of Nano clay based modified CF has been expressed by analysing
contact angle between epoxy droplets and fibre surface. However, single fibre fragmentation test
(SFFT) has showed that length of fibre pull out and size of cracks between matrix and fibre has
been high.”
Mohsin, M.A.A., Iannucci, L. and Greenhalgh, E., 2018. Numerical and experimental analysis of
high-veloc-ity impact behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites.
In ECCM18-18th European Conference on Composite Materials, Athens.
This study has focused on low, medium and high velocity effect resistance of fibre reinforced
thermoplastic composites. These have been attracting automotive, aerospace and military
applications. This study has aimed at characterizing high velocity effect response of carbon fibre
reinforced thermoplastic composite system that is made of non-crimp fabric (NCF) biaxial
0/90T700 carbon pre impregnated with polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) thermoplastic (TP). The
raw materials provided by THERMOCOMP and composite panels have been prepared utilizing a
40 ton hydraulic laboratory press with the help of thermoforming process. The HVI test has been
done with velocities ranging from 130 to 250m/s. The projectile utilized has been 16mm
diameter spherical stainless steel with a mass of 16.5 + 0.5g. The numerical model has been
validated and compared against experimental data based on exit velocities and damage
mechanism.

Abidin, M.S.Z., Herceg, T., Greenhalgh, E.S., Shaffer, M. and Bismarck, A., 2019. Enhanced
fracture toughness of hierarchical carbon nanotube reinforced carbon fibre epoxy composites
with engineered matrix microstructure. Composites Science and Technology, 170, pp.85-92.
This study has focused on fibre reinfiorced hierarchical composites and reinforced to 25 wt.% of
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been manufactured with the help of wet powder impregnation
route. Microsurgical heretrogeneity in the natrix of these laminates have been engineered during
wet powder impregnation for producing CNTs rich regions with spatial separation. The mode 1
fracture toughness of heterogenous hierarchical composites have been increased by 41% and
26% compared to baseline carbon fibre epoxy. The interlaminar shear strength has been
unaffected by the matrix microstructural hereterogenity.
Tanaka, K., Nishikawa, T., Aoto, K. and Katayama, T., 2019. Effect of carbon nanotube
deposition time to the surface of carbon fibres on flexural strength of resistance welded carbon
fibre reinforced thermoplastics using carbon nanotube grafted carbon fibre as heating
element. Journal of Composites Science, 3(1), p.9.
“Carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP) has been utilized as lightweight material used
in vehicles. CFRTP with thermoplastics has been allowing welding with the help of matrix by
heating. This study has helped in developing a direct resistance heating method that utilized
carbon fibres as resistance heating element. Carbon nanotube (CNT) has been utilized as additive
for FRP and reported to be fibre interfacial shear strength has been improved by grafting CNT on
surface of carbon fibres on flexural strength. The highest flexural strength has been obtained has
been obtained when CNT10 has been utilized for heating element of resistance element.”

Naqvi, S.R., Prabhakara, H.M., Bramer, E.A., Dierkes, W., Akkerman, R. and Brem, G., 2018. A
critical review on recycling of end-of-life carbon fibre/glass fibre reinforced composites waste
using pyrolysis towards a circular economy. Resources, conservation and recycling, 136,
pp.118-129.
“The huge uses of carbon reinforced composite (CRFC) and glass fibre reinforced composite in
main sectors including automobile, aerospace, wimd turbines and sports. Right now, the
expanding sum and treatment of composite waste at their finish of-life (EoL) negatively affects
assets preservation and nature. Pyrolysis, a two-advance procedure, showed up as most feasible
procedure to recoup not just significant materials yet additionally produce fuel and synthetics.
The point of this article is to audit the examinations on CFRC/GFRC reusing by means of
pyrolysis procedures and feature their specialized difficulties and re-use prospects in elite
composites.”
Aisyah, H.A., Paridah, M.T., Sapuan, S.M., Khalina, A., Berkalp, O.B., Wahab, M.S., Lee, S.H.
and Ramli, N., 2019. Thermal and Dynamic Properties of Woven Kenaf/Carbon Fibre
Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite.
“The impacts of carbon fiber hybridisation on the warm properties of woven kenaf fortified
epoxy composites kenaf fiber were considered. Woven kenaf half breed composites at the
diverse weave plans of plain and glossy silk, and texture check of 5 × 5 and 6 × 6 were
physically arranged by vacuum implantation system. The TG and DTG results indicated that the
measure of buildup diminished in plaindesigned cross breed composite contrasted with glossy
silk structured half and half composite. The DSC information uncovered that the nearness of
woven kenaf increment deterioration temperature.”

Milavec, H., Kellner, C., Ravikumar, N., Albers, C.E., Lerch, T., Hoppe, S., Deml, M.C., Bigdon,
S.F., Kumar, N. and Benneker, L.M., 2019. First Clinical Experience with a Carbon Fibre
Reinforced PEEK Composite Plating System for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and
Fusion. Journal of functional biomaterials, 10(3), p.29.
“Carbon fiber fortified polyether ether ketone (CFR-PEEK) is an appropriate material to supplant
metal embeds in orthopedic medical procedure. The radiolucency of CFR-PEEK permits an ideal
perception of the bone and delicate tissue structures. We meant to survey the presentation and
radiological and clinical results of front cervical discectomy and combination (ACDF) with
CFR-PEEK foremost cervical plating (ACP) under first utilize clinical conditions. We
reflectively considered the tentatively gathered information of 42 patients who experienced
ACDF with CFR-PEEK ACP somewhere in the range of 2011 and 2016. It is observed that a
dysphagia pace of 5.7% and a reoperation pace of 4.8%. Taking everything into account, CFR-
PEEK ACP shows positive results as far as embed wellbeing, reclamation of cervical lordosis,
and utilitarian recuperation, and is reasonable for ACDF.”

References
Abidin, M.S.Z., Herceg, T., Greenhalgh, E.S., Shaffer, M. and Bismarck, A., 2019. Enhanced
fracture toughness of hierarchical carbon nanotube reinforced carbon fibre epoxy composites
with engineered matrix microstructure. Composites Science and Technology, 170, pp.85-92.
Aisyah, H.A., Paridah, M.T., Sapuan, S.M., Khalina, A., Berkalp, O.B., Wahab, M.S., Lee, S.H.
and Ramli, N., 2019. Thermal and Dynamic Properties of Woven Kenaf/Carbon Fibre
Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite.
Dickson, A.N., Barry, J.N., McDonnell, K.A. and Dowling, D.P., 2017. Fabrication of
continuous carbon, glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced polymer composites using additive
manufacturing. Additive Manufacturing, 16, pp.146-152.
Fereshteh-Saniee, N., Reynolds, N., Kelly, C.A., Wilson, P.R., Jenkins, M.J. and Kendall, K.N.,
2018. Introducing cryomilling for reliable determination of resin content and degree of cure in
structural carbon fibre reinforced thermoset composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science
and Manufacturing, 107, pp.197-204.
Milavec, H., Kellner, C., Ravikumar, N., Albers, C.E., Lerch, T., Hoppe, S., Deml, M.C.,
Bigdon, S.F., Kumar, N. and Benneker, L.M., 2019. First Clinical Experience with a Carbon
Fibre Reinforced PEEK Composite Plating System for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and
Fusion. Journal of functional biomaterials, 10(3), p.29.
Mohsin, M.A.A., Iannucci, L. and Greenhalgh, E., 2018. Numerical and experimental analysis of
high-veloc-ity impact behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites.
In ECCM18-18th European Conference on Composite Materials, Athens.

Naqvi, S.R., Prabhakara, H.M., Bramer, E.A., Dierkes, W., Akkerman, R. and Brem, G., 2018. A
critical review on recycling of end-of-life carbon fibre/glass fibre reinforced composites waste
using pyrolysis towards a circular economy. Resources, conservation and recycling, 136, pp.118-
129.
Pramanik, A., Basak, A.K., Dong, Y., Sarker, P.K., Uddin, M.S., Littlefair, G., Dixit, A.R. and
Chattopadhyaya, S., 2017. Joining of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and
aluminium alloys–A review. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 101, pp.1-
29.
Tanaka, K., Nishikawa, T., Aoto, K. and Katayama, T., 2019. Effect of carbon nanotube
deposition time to the surface of carbon fibres on flexural strength of resistance welded carbon
fibre reinforced thermoplastics using carbon nanotube grafted carbon fibre as heating
element. Journal of Composites Science, 3(1), p.9.
Zabihi, O., Ahmadi, M., Li, Q., Shafei, S., Huson, M.G. and Naebe, M., 2017. Carbon fibre
surface modification using functionalized nanoclay: A hierarchical interphase for fibre-
reinforced polymer composites. Composites Science and Technology, 148, pp.49-58.