Cardiovascular Disease: Upstreaming Approach to Effective Nursing Care

This report examines cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Australia, highlighting its significance as a leading cause of death and disease burden. It outlines the impact of CVD, including mortality rates, hospitalization figures, and the differing symptoms experienced by men and women. The report discusses the Australian National Health Priority framework and the national strategic framework designed to address chronic conditions, including CVD. It details the importance of human, biological, environmental, socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychological determinants. The report emphasizes the upstreaming approach to nursing care, including early diagnosis, understanding diagnosis procedures, using technology, promoting physical activity, maintaining healthy cholesterol levels, and encouraging healthy eating habits. The report references key sources like the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and the World Health Organization.

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
SIGNIFICANCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading
reason of death in Australia and is also included in the
category of disease burden (Sancho 2019)
Cardiovascular disease is a disease affecting the blood
vessels and heart and includes few prevalent diseases
like peripheral vascular disease, cardiomyopathy,
heart failure, stroke, coronary and congenital heart
disease.
In the year 2014-15, approximately 18.3% (4.2
million) of Australian population were suffering from
cardiovascular conditions (Sanchez et al. 2019).
IMPACT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
In Australia every 1 in 3 patient die due to
cardiovascular disease with total estimate of 124 death
every day.
More than 1,320 people undergo hospitalization due to
CVD and 26 % of them are under the age of 75 (Hojat
et al. 2019).
Men experience nausea, chest pain and shortness of
breathe due to CVD while women experience burning
sensation on the chest, chest discomfort, nausea,
difficulty in breathing and dizziness.
AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL HEALTH PRIORITY
In order to improve the burden of cardiovascular disease
in Australia, a national strategic frame work was
established.
NATIONAL STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK (Aihw.gov.au
2019) :
It was a policy developed for documentation on chronic
conditions in the year 2017.
This policy provides supervision on conveying a national
health system, which responds more efficiently to chronic
disorders.
This framework policy supports the World Health
Organization’s (WHO) Global Action Plan established for
the control and prevention of No- transmissible Disease in
the year 2013–2020 (who.int 2019).
9 types of National Health Priority Areas (NHPAs) were
established to develop the attention of population towards
effective strategy of controlling the prevalence of disease.
Aihw.gov.au 2019. Cardiovascular disease snapshot, How many Australians have
cardiovascular disease? - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. [online]
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Available at:
https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/heart-stroke-vascular-disease/cardiovascular-
health-compendium/contents/how-many-australians-have-cardiovascular-disease
[Accessed 11 Apr. 2019].
Health.gov.au 2019. Department of Health | Cardiovascular disease. [online]
Health.gov.au. Available at:
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/chronic-cardio
[Accessed 9 Apr. 2019].
Hojat, M., Jahromi, M.K., Koshkaki, S.R. and Rahmanian, M., 2019.
Comparison of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in male and female nurses.
Journal of education and health promotion, 8.
Sanchez, P., Salamonson, Y., Everett, B. and George, A., 2019. Barriers and
Predictors Associated With Accessing Oral Healthcare Among Patients With
Cardiovascular Disease in Australia. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.
Sancho, D., 2019. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease.
who.int 2019. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). [online] World Health
Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/en/
[Accessed 9 Apr. 2019].
UPSTREAMING APPROACH TO NURSING CARE
Effective nursing care approach is required for treating
the patient and help them to recover as soon as possible.
There are various upstreaming approach for effective
nursing care in case of cardiovascular diseases, which
includes the following (Health.gov.au 2019) :
• Rapid early diagnosis
• Understanding the effect and diagnosis procedure
• Building values
• Simple effective and accurate use of technology for
treatment and diagnosis
• Educating regular physical activity
• Maintenance of healthy cholesterol level
• Healthy eating and no smoking intervention is a
must
• Motivating the patient to consume heart protective
medicines.
REFERENCES
Social
Determinants
of CVD
Human and
biological
Determinant
Behavioral
Determinant
Psychological
Determinant
Socio-
economic
Determinant
Environmental
Determinant