Case Study Analysis: Septic Shock and Pathophysiology After Burns

This case study examines a 62-year-old male, Mr. Reddy, who presented to the ED with 30% TBSA burns following a gas cylinder explosion. The study focuses on the pathophysiology of septic shock, a complication arising from the burns. It elucidates the link between septic shock and clinical manifestations such as hypotension (BP 88/50 mmHg) and tachycardia (HR 127/mt). The analysis highlights how bacterial toxins in septic shock damage blood vessels, leading to fluid leakage and reduced blood pressure. Furthermore, it explains how the body compensates for reduced stroke volume through an elevated heart rate, resulting in a hyperdynamic state. The case also touches upon the significance of increased respiratory rate (RR-22) as a response to stress and the body's attempt to improve oxygen delivery to tissues. The study references relevant literature to support the pathophysiological explanations.

Case scenario burns and pathophysiology

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Q.2 Describing the pathophysiological link to the identified high priority clinical manifestation
and the diseases condition that patient has......................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

Q.2 Describing the pathophysiological link to the identified high priority
clinical manifestation and the diseases condition that patient has.
When Septic shock induced the hypotension it remains refractory in context of initial
management with the fluid resuscitation. Septic shock causes the toxins produced by the bacteria
that damaged the small blood vessel and cause them to leak the fluid into the surrounding of the
tissue (Font, Thyagarajan & Khanna, (2020) This impacts the ability of pumping the blood and
that lead to low BP as the blood does not reach to the vital organs. Thus, this is the major reason
associated with the low BP of the patient that is- 88\50. In context of given case study, patient
has suffered the Septic shock secondary to burns. Septic shock has been differentiated from the
other shocks that are stated as the distributive type of the shock. The action of the combination in
regards to inflammatory mediators (serotonin, histamine and lysosomal enzymes) has been
elaborated in the response to the bacterial endotoxins which leads to increase in the capillary
permeability and reduction in the peripheral vascular resistance (Russell, Rush & Boyd, (2018).
Thus, this resulting in the reduction of the stroke volume is mainly accommodate initially by
the elevation in the heart rate. Thus, this is the major reason behind the increasing HR in the
patient. The standard HR ranges from 60 to 100 beats. However, it has been observed high in
patient which is 127. High HR affects the cardiac in multiple ways, it leads to increase the
ventricular work, endothelial stress and decrease in myocardial oxygen supply. As a result, the
patient is in a hyperdynamic state the has been determined as the characteristic if the septic
shock. Tachycardia has been determined as the common feature of the septic shock and the
indicative of the systematic response to the stress (Kong, Wu, & Liu, (2021). Thus, it is
psychological mechanism through which the cardiac output and oxygen delivery to the tissue has
been increased. Thus, this is the major reason exist behind the RR-22 in patient which is
abnormal.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Font, M. D., Thyagarajan, B., & Khanna, A. K. (2020). Sepsis and Septic Shock–Basics of
diagnosis, pathophysiology and clinical decision making. Medical Clinics. 104(4). 573-585.
Kong, L., Wu, Q., & Liu, B. (2021). The impact of selenium administration on severe sepsis or
septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. African Health Sciences. 21(1).
277-85.
Russell, J. A., Rush, B., & Boyd, J. (2018). Pathophysiology of septic shock. Critical care
clinics. 34(1). 43-61.