An Investigation into the Causes and Impacts of Homelessness in London

This report investigates the multifaceted issue of homelessness in London, aiming to explore its causes, impacts on the health and wellbeing of individuals, and the government's interventions and policies. The research utilizes secondary data sources, including academic journals, articles, and websites, to analyze structural factors, poverty, housing issues, system failures, personal circumstances, and domestic violence as key contributors to homelessness. The study examines the range of homelessness in London, analyzes the associated causes, and scrutinizes the impact on health, including the exacerbation of existing health issues and challenges such as access to maternal healthcare. The findings highlight the need for improved government policies, increased support for vulnerable populations, and the establishment of effective practices to reduce homelessness and improve the overall health and economic conditions of London's residents. The report concludes with recommendations for addressing the complex challenges of homelessness in London.

What are the causes and
impacts of homelessness in
London

ABSTRACT
Background to Project
The given report is based on the topic homelessness that can be described as a condition
of people having no home and they feel helpless for taking rough sleep in streets. It includes
several factors which create homeless situation that are required to be focussed by government
and put efforts to solve them in proper manner.
Aim of Project
The aim of this study is “To explore Impact as well as causes of homelessness on health
and well being of people in London”.
Objectives
 To explore the range of homelessness in London.
 To analyse the causes associated with homelessness.
 To reconnoitre the impact of homelessness on health and well being of people in London.
 To examine government intervention and policies to reduce homelessness.
Methods used in Project
The methods used to conduct in this research consist the utilisation of secondary sources
of data for collection desired information related to the topic. It consist sources like books,
journals, articles, websites etc. which were used to collect data for conducting entire study to
gain findings properly. However, the google search engine was used including data base of
Theguardian, tandfonline, evolve housing, dezeen etc.
Main Findings
The present investigation has main finding about specific factors that are responsible for
homeless condition in London. It consist number of elements such as structural factors, poverty,
housing, system failures, personal circumstances and domestic violence that should be focussed
to solve problem of homelessness. Moreover, it has been find out that government has some
policies for homeless currently which are required to be improved for removing threat of
homelessness from country for reducing death rates and improving economy.
Main Conclusion
Considering above findings, it has been concluded that effective practices should be
applied by government to reduce homeless condition for people in London. It is necessary to

establish desired laws for maintaining favourable atmosphere in society to improve condition of
homeless people.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2
Background to Project............................................................................................................2
Aim of Project........................................................................................................................2
Methods used in Project.........................................................................................................2
Main Findings.........................................................................................................................2
Main Conclusion....................................................................................................................3
TITLE: “What are the causes and impacts of homelessness in London.”.......................................3
Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................3
Project Background................................................................................................................3
Project Rationale....................................................................................................................4
Research Aim.........................................................................................................................5
Research Objectives...............................................................................................................5
Research questions.................................................................................................................5
Chapter 2 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.................................................................................5
Introduction............................................................................................................................5
Study design...........................................................................................................................6
Literature search strategy.......................................................................................................6
Search engines used................................................................................................................6
Databases searched.................................................................................................................7
Key words...............................................................................................................................7
Inclusion & exclusion criterion..............................................................................................7
Papers retrieved......................................................................................................................7
Ethical considerations.............................................................................................................8
Summary.................................................................................................................................8
Chapter 3 – LITERATURE REVIEW, FINDINGS & DISCUSSION...........................................8
Introduction............................................................................................................................8
Exploring the range of homelessness in London....................................................................9
The analysis of causes associated with homelessness..........................................................11
Reconnoitring the impact of homelessness on health and well being of people in London 13
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Examine the government intervention and policies to reduce homelessness.......................15
Findings................................................................................................................................17
Summary...............................................................................................................................26
Chapter 4 – CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................26
Introduction..........................................................................................................................26
A brief summary...................................................................................................................26
Conclusion............................................................................................................................27
Recommendations................................................................................................................27
Reflective statement.............................................................................................................28
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................29
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TITLE: “What are the causes and impacts of homelessness in London.”
Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION
Project Background
Homelessness refers to the situation of an individual who are living on streets or staying
in hostels. It includes number of conditions like people are living on streets are not able to afford
a house whereas individuals in hostel have a need to stay there for completing their studied or
doing jobs. However, the condition of homelessness results into improper eating habits and other
regular practices which impacts negatively on health if such people. In addition to this, it is
necessary for government authorities to focus on this aspects in order to maintain appropriate
health status of people in the country. Meanwhile, some of individuals prefer to stay at their
friends or relatives more which is not comfortable for them but still they are living which is not
favourable for their health condition (Farrugia and Gerrard, 2016). Moreover, it also involves
several circumstances when people are living in over crowded area, poor situations and living in
house is not suitable because a person is sick or disabled.
The problem of homelessness can be considered as a major issue which is responsible for
creating number of difficulties for people related to health and other aspects. Initially, it is most
terrible for women as the access to menstruation products are often limited which can develop
relevant health problems for them. However, it consist another issue of facing difficulty to gain
access to maternal health care that is not favourable for life of people. Meanwhile, the situation
of homelessness only exacerbates the burden of childcare on women. Basically, it has been
analysed that 1 in 4 women consider domestic violence to be the main factor in their current
homelessness (Andreu, 2018). In addition to this, it is observed that being homeless often means
reduced personal safety for women and homeless individuals are living with mental illness at
much higher rates than the general population. Moreover, the gender inequalities in jobs makes
escaping homelessness even more difficult for people. Furthermore, it is essential for
government authorities to put efforts for reducing problem of homelessness in order to improve
economy of country.
The present report is based on the concept of homelessness faced by citizens of London
that impacts negatively on their health. It consist description of exploring impacts and causes of
homelessness on health & well being of people in London. Initially, this investigation will focus
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on exploring the range of homelessness in London in order to determine about actual condition
of citizens there. It will provide support to have an idea about facts related to individuals facing
problem of homelessness for developing effective practices for their welfare. Secondly, this
research will includes discussion about factors that are responsible for causing situation of
homelessness for people (Batterham, 2019). Thirdly, it will also consist investigation on impacts
of homelessness on health status of citizens living in a country. Moreover, the interventions and
policies established by government to reduce situation of homelessness is given below.
Project Rationale
The investigation about causes and impact of homelessnesses is helpful to determine
effective ways to reduce this problem in order to improve health status of overall people living in
the nation. It includes the evaluation of ranges of homelessness in London which helps to
understand the level of practices to be implemented for removing this threat from society.
Meanwhile, it is significant to identify potential causes of such condition so that these elements
can be removed by taking more effective as well as efficient ways. Basically, this study is helpful
to understand the causes of developing situation of homelessness for people which impacts
negatively on their health and entire life. However, it will provide support to put efforts towards
these reason in terms of reducing the threat of homelessness from the nation which facilitate to
establish strong economy respectively. In addition to this, this research is important to determine
actual range of people facing problem of homelessness in respect of making effective programs
at national level to reduce the same from the society (Watson, 2017). It is necessary to establish
public shelters for proper sleeping and living to such individuals for spending their lives
comfortably. It has been analysed that people get suffered from different types of infectious
disease which may create complexities if not treated earlier. Moreover, it is essential for
charitable organisations to provide regular check ups for free of cost along with medicines and
vaccinations which helps to make sure about appropriate health status of those citizens who are
facing problem of homelessness.
It has been analysed that the present study will provide help to evaluate importance of
support of society and government to these people for sometime which make them capable to
have their own house and healthy life. It can be considered as suitable aspect for maintain strong
economy of country and maintaining proper appropriate health condition of entire population
respectively. The give investigation is helpful to to understand about impact of homelessness on
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health condition of people in the difficult condition of homelessness. However, it is important to
analyse the major effects according to which appropriate strategies and programs can be
organised by government for welfare of citizens in London. Moreover, it has been analysed that
appropriate health conditions and economic situation of individuals plays an important role to
ensure entire economy of the nation.
Research Aim
The aim of this study is “To explore Impact as well as causes of homelessness on health
and well being of people in London”.
Research Objectives
 To explore the range of homelessness in London.
 To analyse the causes associated with homelessness.
 To reconnoitre the impact of homelessness on health and well being of people in London.
 To examine government intervention and policies to reduce homelessness.
Research questions
 How to explore the range of homelessness in London?
 What are the ways to analyse the causes associated with homelessness?
 How to reconnoitre the impact of homelessness on health and well being of people in
London?
 What are the government intervention and policies to reduce homelessness?
Chapter 2 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
Research methodology can be described as set of methods and technique which are used
to conduct the entire investigation in order to gain accurate results. It can be utilised for
collecting, analysing, processing and determining information regarding specific topic to gain
better findings (Paudyal and Saunders, 2018). However, it involves effective methods to data
collection and process the same by using appropriate research approach to gain appropriate
outcomes. In addition to this, research methodology is helpful gather accurate data relevant to the
topic and study about desired aspect for attaining better outputs respectively. Moreover, it will
consist the type of sources used for collection in order to gather appropriate information to get
accurate findings. Meanwhile, it will consist description about literature search strategy and
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search engines that are utilised to conduct effective study on impact as well as causes of
homelessness on health and well being of people in London.
Study design
Primary research refers to investigation carrying out by utilising primary sources of
data collection for particular topic. It this type of study, the first hand data or raw information is
used which as never used previously by any other investigator. However, the researchers
themselves select participants by following inclusion & exclusion criterion to gather information
related to specific research problem. However, it consist use several methods to collect data
such as interviews, surveys, questionnaires, focus groups and visits to competitor's locations
(Broll and Huey, 2017). At the other hand, Secondary research can be explained as to use that
information which has been already utilised by other investigators previously. It consist the
utilisation of secondary sources of data collection like books, journals, articles, websites and
many more, however, it is required for researcher to gather related articles and then conduct
screening of the same because availability of accurate information on single article or journals is
not possible. It can be considered as second hand data and a cheap method to collect desired
information for conduct study properly.
Literature search strategy
The term literature search strategy refers to an effective plan of action that provide
support for searching relevant data to utilise the same for carrying out an investigation about
specific topic. It is essential to create an appropriate strategy in terms of collect required data
related to particular field of study (DiPaolo, 2015). However, it is helpful to conduct accurate
investigation to achieve desired findings. Moreover, the present investigation will focus on
secondary sources of data collection in respect of gathering required information to study impact
as well as causes of homelessness on health and well being of people in London to attain better
result.
Search engines used
In context of this investigation, the google search engine will prefer to be utilised in order
to collect required data regarding given topic for carrying out entire research to attain accurate
results. It consist the aspect of utilising desired sources of information in a manner to save time
that be used for another related tasks of study for boosting up appropriateness of investigation. In
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addition to this, it includes the criterion of identifying main ideas, gather resources, review &
define results and search sources for collecting accurate information for carrying out research
properly. Moreover, it will facilitate to increase accuracy of investigation and achieve
appropriate findings.
Databases searched
The information related to impact as well as causes of homelessness on health and well
being of people in London is collected by using online secondary sources. It consist the criterion
of conducting entire investigation by using suitable online books, articles, journals that related to
selected topic for analysing appropriate findings (Farrugia and Gerrard, 2016). Meanwhile, the
data base searched for given research involves Theguardian, tandfonline, evolve housing, dezeen
and evening standard to collect accurate information for conducting investigation in selected
topic to attain better findings.
Key words
The key words used in the present investigation are given below –
Homelessness – The state of having no home.
Double Decker Bus – Shelter for people facing homelessness
Inclusion & exclusion criterion
The articles for collecting relevant data has been used of latest publications in order to
gather more appropriate information about selected topic to gain better outcomes. It is necessary
to gain information related to the topic i.e., impact as well as causes of homelessness on health
and well being of people in London for attaining accurate findings. Meanwhile, it is necessary to
make an appropriate inclusion criterion to conduct the study properly (Jackson, 2015). At the
other hand, exclusion criterion refers to avoid those online sites which are not authenticated at
the time of collecting information for carrying out entire study in appropriate way. It involves to
avoid websites published previously and older more than 6 years to gather more accurate data for
conducting research appropriately.
Papers retrieved
In context of this investigation, 12 papers are retrieved due to collecting desired data that
are relevant to set objectives in respect of attaining appropriate findings. It involves relevant
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information to the selected topic i.e. impact as well as causes of homelessness on health and well
being of people in London to attain accurate findings.
Ethical considerations
Ethical considerations can be described as set of relevant norms or principles which
should be followed by an investigator in order to conduct study properly. It is necessary to obey
desired ethics in research because it is helpful to make correct decision making to collect more
appropriate information which facilitate to gain effective findings. However, it involves number
of ethical factors such as honesty, objectivity, integrity, carefulness, openness, respect for
intellectual property, confidentiality, responsible publication, responsible mentoring, respect for
colleagues, social responsibilities, non- discrimination, competence, legality and human subject
protection (Snodgrass, 2014). Moreover, it is essential to remain honest while collecting data and
conduct study which is favourable to achieve accurate outcomes. Meanwhile, it is mandatory to
take permission of an individual or organisation for using their personal data along with
maintaining confidentiality of information.
Summary
The above chapter can be summarised as the utilisation of appropriate methods or
techniques in order to conduct investigation properly. It consist the use of secondary sources of
data collection with the help of following specific inclusion and exclusion criterion of the study.
Moreover, it includes to follow ethical norms such as honesty, confidentiality, legality, social
responsibilities etc. to improve effective of investigation and related outcomes.
Chapter 3 – LITERATURE REVIEW, FINDINGS & DISCUSSION
Introduction
The literature review refers to a narrative review which can be known as a kind of article
review. It can be considered as a mode of discussing published information in context of selected
topic to conduct study in particular duration of time (Mayock, Bretherton and Baptista, 2016).
However, the literature review is responsible for discussing about published data hat is related to
specific area of study in order to find out appropriate results. Meanwhile, it can be considered as
just a summary of information gathered with the help of different sources of information relevant
to particular field of investigation. It is now as an organisational pattern that has a role to make a
combination of both aspects including summary and synthesis of data. Moreover, it is a method
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through which a new interpretation of old information can be provided and it might trace the
intellectual progression of specific field.
Exploring the range of homelessness in London
The problem of homelessness can be observed in society which impacts negatively on
health status of people. It includes the fact that citizens in higher number are enforced to send
their nights in streets due to their problem of homelessness (Mayock, Bretherton and Baptista,
2016). However, it is necessary for government authorities to establish effective policies and
procedures in terms of improving lives of to such individuals for improving their health
condition. It has been analysed that effective programs should be provided to them in respect of
maintaining their lives stable. Moreover, it is observed that most of people facing homelessness
face critical condition of health and then it may leads to death.
According to views given by Patrick Butler (2019), it has been analysed that rough
sleeping figures are observed to hit high records in London i.e. around 8855 people recorded as
bedding down on streets. However, it is observed that the latest figures were two and half times
the equivalent number recorded in the year around 2009-10 when approximately 3673
individuals were determined as rough sleeping. It is necessary for government to focus on these
citizens in terms of maintain better health of them through providing effective facilities for
maintain appropriate economy of the nation. Meanwhile, it is essential to make an efficient
program to make shelters for reducing rough sleeping which is supportive to maintain healthy
condition of people who were facing homelessness. Moreover, it is evaluated that around 5529
new rough sleepers get spotted on the streets of the capital last year which can be considered as
equal ratio of 15 individuals a day finding themselves sleeping rough for first time.
At the other hand, it is necessary for government to focus on a major problem of
homelessness in London and provide desired facilities to people. It is essential for related
authorities to put efforts to sort out issue of homelessness in order to boost up standards of living
of people. However, government should provide public shelter for such people so that they will
remain safe from harmful weather and other relevant problems (Erickson and Wilhelm, 2017). It
has been analysed that the problem of rough sleeping get increased across London which can be
considered as a national disgrace and the rough sleeping budget is doubled at the City Hall.
Meanwhile, the size of outreach team is also improved that are helping record numbers of rough
sleepers. Moreover, homelessness is responsible for increasing death rate in London because
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