Research Proposal: CBT for Diabetes and Comorbid Depression Management

This research proposal investigates the efficacy of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in managing patients with diabetes and comorbid depression. The study aims to determine the impact of CBT and self-care plans on these patients. The proposal includes an introduction outlining the background, research questions, and hypotheses. The methodology section details the experimental study design, sampling techniques (snowball sampling), and data collection methods (online surveys with close-ended questions). Ethical considerations and study limitations are also addressed. The data analysis will involve graphical representations and a 5-point Likert scale. The research seeks to understand how CBT and self-care plans can improve the condition of patients diagnosed with diabetes and depression, with the ultimate goal of informing healthcare practitioners and improving patient outcomes. The study focuses on the UK context, aiming to gather insights from patients, healthcare practitioners, and administrators.

Research Proposal: Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Management of Patients with Diabetes and
Comorbid Depression

Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction......................................................................................................................2
Background:...........................................................................................................................................2
Research Aim and Significance of the Proposed Study.........................................................................2
Research Questions:..............................................................................................................................3
Outcomes of Research:..........................................................................................................................3
Hypotheses:...........................................................................................................................................3
Conceptual Framework..........................................................................................................................4
Chapter 2: Research Plan: Methodology............................................................................................5
Introduction to the Methodological Plan...............................................................................................5
Sampling Technique..............................................................................................................................6
Data Collection......................................................................................................................................6
Data Analysis........................................................................................................................................7
Chapter 3: Ethical Consideration:......................................................................................................8
Chapter 4: Study Limitation and Study Administration.....................................................................9
Reference........................................................................................................................................11
Appendix.........................................................................................................................................13
Administration:....................................................................................................................................13
Budget.................................................................................................................................................14

Chapter 1: Introduction
Background:
The following research work has entirely focused on the value of Cognitive behaviour
therapy in management of patients with diabetes and comorbid depression. Therefor the
effectiveness of maintaining cognitive therapy has also shown through the research.
Cognitive behaviour therapy generally used to control the depression of patients through
measuring their daily behaviour (El Alaoui, et al., 2015). According to Fairburn, et al., (2015)
it has been noticed that patients who are suffering from diabetes hold high possibility in
depression prevalence. On the other hand, the proposal also highlights the crucial facts of
comorbidity (Gilbody, et al., 2015). It could be denoted as the presence of multipledisease or
co-existence of two diseases. For an example, if a person is suffering from both social
anxietydisorders (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), then it could be said that the
person is suffering from comorbidity stated by Olthuis et al,. (2016). So the proposal includes
cognitive behaviour therapy intending that patients that are diagnosed with comorbidity and
diabetes could easily upgrade their condition adopting care plan (Stead, et al., 2017).
The cognitive behaviour therapy or CBT could be defined as one of the most effective
psychotherapy that generally created to treat the patients that are diagnosed with anxiety and
depression mentioned by Cooper, et al (2016).CBT helps the patients to cure their problems
through developing an effective communication and self-care plan. It has been often found
that diabetes and depression literally affects the mental health of people and makes them
inadequate to perform. These diseases somehow affect the confidence of individual through
which the patientssuffers to take any decision by their own (Dalle Grave, et al., 2015).
Therefore, CBT includes self-talk and problem solving through which therapist breaks down
their problem in to several parts such as thoughts, physical feelings and actions (Casey, et al.,
(2017). However it has been noted that patents who are suffering from diabetes and
depression holds a huge paucity of maintaining self-care plan. CBT also guides patients to
remove negative thoughts by motivating them to adopt the habit of thinking positive all the
time as per Poort, et al (2017).

Research Aim and Significance of the Proposed Study
The main intention of conducting the research work is solely relied on demonstrating the
effectiveness of maintaining cognitive behaviour therapy for the patients that diagnosed with
diabetes and comorbid depression. The proposed study also facilitates the benefits of
maintaining self-care plan in resolving the problem of diabetes patients. The proposal intends
to embraces the fact that most of the diabetes and comorbid depression patients faces problem
in generating their own self-care plan.
Research Questions:
The research question has been proposed according to the necessity of the research work. The
details of the questions are mentioned below:
 What are the impacts of cognitive behaviour therapy?
 How cognitive behaviour therapy does help the patients that diagnosed with diabetes
and comorbid depression?
 How does self –care plan help the diabetes and comorbid depression patients to
resolve their problems?
Outcomes of Research:
 Through the research work the necessity of maintaining cognitive behaviour therapy
could be prioritized
 This research study will help practitioners and therapist to understand the critical
situation that faces by the diabetes and comorbid depression patients
 It will help the diabetes and comorbid depression patients to acknowledge the self-
care plan
 Evaluating the research work therapists and patients will understand the effectiveness
of healthy communication
Hypotheses:
In order to measure the value of the research hypotheses has been added such as positive
hypotheses or H1 and null hypotheses H0.
H1: Cognitive behaviour Therapy or CBT is the appropriate solution that could help diabetes
and comorbid depression patients to cure their issues

H0: There is the presence of other more effective solutions through which patients are capable
of resolving these types of physiological issues
Conceptual Framework
ManagementofPatientswithDiabetes

Chapter 2: Research Plan: Methodology
Introduction to the Methodological Plan
This particular section highlights all the processes, approaches and techniques to be used by
the researcher in order to derive effective outcomes from the overall analysis. The study is
concerned with the research of the how cognitive behavioural therapy helps in managing the
patients suffering from diabetes and comorbid depression in UK. For serving the prime
purpose of this research, the research analyst will take the help of different useful
methodologies thereby drawing a suitable conclusion to the analysis.
As for the study design to be opted by the researcher, experimental study design shall be
implemented in this case so as to provide ample amount of evidence with respect to the
quantitative mode of data analysis that shall be improvised by the researcher. Furthermore,
experimental mode of study design is applicable in case of conducting research that is
intended to showcase some sort of pattern with the already existent literature with that of the
presently portrayed research from the researcher’s perspective through the set aim and
objectives (Flick, 2015).
The choice of quantitative study will assist the researcher in collecting larger samples thereby
measuring the overall accuracy of the research outcomes. Survey research strategy will be
adopted in order to survey the selected research participants and examining different
variables or constructs associated with this particular study. By the application of this
strategy, the researcher can be able to reduce the risk of potential errors and increase the
validity and reliability of the findings. Hence the evaluations can be done with utmost
efficacy.
Sample size
In this particular research analysis, samples will be chosen from the patients suffering from
the said illnesses, healthcare practitioners and the healthcare administrators of different well
known care homes of UK. A total of 200 participants will be selected as the respondents for
this analysis in order to understand their respective viewpoints for analysing the importance
of cognitive behaviour therapy for treating and managing the patients suffering from diabetes
and comorbid depression. The main purpose behind choosing this sample size is to represent

the perceptions of the entire community of UK and as such random sampling process will be
chosen to select the sample.
Sampling technique
According to the researcher, the sampling technique shall be ascertained in such a manner
that all the dependent as well as independent variables would be concomitantly established
with the help of this research through the feedback and the first hand data to be collected
from the selected samples. The researcher shall be selecting snowball sampling so as to
enable the researcher to refine the selection of the sample subject with the consideration that
only those sample shall be selected from the surrounding those who are suffering from either
diabetes or comorbid depression or in case, if possible, both at the same time. Snowball
sampling is a type of non-probabilistic sampling and with the context of this research; neither
random nor normal sampling shall be applicable towards the conduction of this research. It is
anticipated that at least 40% of the respondents will give reliable and appropriate feedbacks
regarding the chosen research scenario, based on which the outcomes will be generated. The
participants will be chosen from different ages, genders, communities, experiences
(practitioners and administrators) and health symptoms of the patients so that proper data can
be obtained from them on the topic. Their diverse perspectives will make it convenient
enough for the researcher to generate accurate outcomes from the analysis.
Data Collection
Collection of appropriate data and information regarding the concerned research topic is of
utmost significance. Without the collection of accurate data, it will be impossible for a
researcher to execute the overall research operations efficiently. Primary data will be
collected from the selected research respondents. The prime motto behind choosing this type
of data is to gather first hand or raw data from the participants based on their perceptions,
feelings, thoughts and assumptions. Honest responses can be collected from them which will
increase the accuracy of the outcomes that will be generated in the end (Kumar, 2019). Data
collection is a very sensitive part of a research study as it determines the effectiveness of a
particular analysis process. The data will be collected through online surveys to be conducted
through Survey Monkeys by means of the structured close-ended questionnaire (Hetrick, et
al., 2016). A total of 8 close-ended questions will be prepared for the questionnaire in order
to focus upon the viewpoints of the respondents on the topic in an appropriate manner.

Surveys will be conducted as it will help the researcher to gather data from all the 200 chosen
respondents effectively and easily. The participants will be given regular access to the
computers for participating in the surveys. Their participation will be voluntary and they will
be given complete comfort and convenience during the data collection procedure. With the
help of this quantitative primary data collection, the responses of the patients, health
practitioners and care administrators can be compared and analysed as per the need of the
study. With respect to the data collection in regards to the primary mode, the researcher shall
be effectively optimising on the determination of the independent (IV) and dependent
variables (DV). In this case, with respect to this proposed research work and context, the
independent variable is the cognitive behaviour therapy whereas the two identified dependent
variables are patient management with Diabetes and patient management with comorbid
depression. The primary mode of data collection with regards to the sample and the sampling
technique selected would be undertaken in such a way that both the dependent and
independent variables shall be ascertained and approached with equal measurements.
Data Analysis
It is very important to choose proper tools or techniques in order to analyse the data and
information gathered from the respondents. In this particular research investigation process,
the data collected from the participants will be analysed through graphical representations
that is quantitative mode against every question so as to interpret their perceptions and
diverse opinions on the importance of cognitive behaviour therapy in managing the patients
of UK suffering comorbid depression and diabetes (Bailey, et al., (2017). The responses of
the participants will be demonstrated and rated by means of a 5-point Likert scale
representing strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree which will
emphasise on the research accuracy. The IV and the DVs shall be ascertained in such a way
that with respect to quantitative data analysis that all these variables shall be incorporated
within the analysis and interpretation part of the proposed research works. Since the aim of
this proposed research work is to identify the effect of cognitive behaviour therapy (IV) on
management of patients with diabetes (DV1) and comorbid depression (DV2), henceforth it is
very much important to concentrate on answering the research questions through the
optimization of the data analysis by integrating these variables all at the same time with equal
efficacy from the researcher’s perspective.

Chapter 3: Ethical Consideration:
The main reason to add this segment into this research work relied on providing protection
towards the data collection procedures. Therefore it is quite essential to obtain a proper step
and actions so that researchers could secure their collected data. Hence the researcher should
pay proper attention towards the ethical considerationapproaches. As the researcher will
follow the primary quantitativedata collection procedures, where they will be responsible to
conduct an online survey so they should obtain proper actions to secure the survey
procedures. Here the researchers should select valid online survey portals that maintain
proper agreements. Therefore, to seek permission for the survey researchers should follow the
guidelines that commonly maintained by the online survey portal. On the other hand,
researchers should concentrate on the fact that they arenot allowed to force individuals to
participate in the survey process. Additionally before starting the online survey procedures
they are bound to request the selected entities to provide permission for the research work.
However the researcher will be responsible to inform the participants regarding the details of
the survey. Before beginning, researchers should inform their participants regarding the time
limit of the survey procedures. On the other hand the researchers should maintain
confidentialityof the participants so that the participants could feel comfortable and safe
while sharing their answers. In other words it could be stated that through the ethical
consideration, researcher could be able to understand necessity of safeguarding confidential
information. The name of the participants and patients should be confidential, this will to
complete the survey procedures successfully. Any activity that could harm the image and
value of the research work should not be carried out during the survey process. The
researchers should concentrate on adopting good ethical practices during the research work.
The researcher concerned with this study will stress upon maintaining proper ethics and
guidelines so that the entire analysis can be conducted ethically. For this analysis, the
researcher will narrate the objectives and aims of the study clearly and carefully to the
respondents in order to make sure that they are definite about what they are supposed to give
their feedbacks for. The purpose of conducting this type of study and the reason behind
choosing such a topic must be communicated to them for providing them a clear idea and
concept of the investigation (Quinlan, et al., 2019). This will help them to take part in the
surveys wilfully thereby providing significant perceptions on the topic. Also the dignities and
individual opinions of the participants should be respected and given utmost importance so as
to make them feel comfortable and satisfied in taking part in the surveys. Moreover, since the

surveys will be conducted with them through the online platforms, it should be made sure that
the participants are well aware of the process and their feedbacks and responses will be
recorded on personal computers of the researcher (Fox, et al., 2003). The data will be kept
completely secured and protected by abiding by the laws and norms of the Data Protection
Act 2018. This legislation will enable the researcher to maintain complete confidentiality and
anonymity of the collected data. Thus no third party access will be encouraged towards the
collected data. It will be stored safely with proper encryption thereby influencing the
respondents to participate in the online surveys. Besides, the questionnaire will be prepared in
clear, plain and simple languages so that the respondents can be able to understand the same
and answer them in an effective manner. The questions must align with the aims of the study
which will enable the respondents to provide their feedbacks much clearly. Lastly, complete
freedom will be given to the participants so that they can be able to withdraw from the
surveys anytime they want. Also they can even skip some questions which they will find
irrelevant or inappropriate for them to answer.
Chapter 4: Study Limitation and Study Administration
As far as the research gap or study limitation is concerned, it is very much important to
identify the gaps of the research in a whole hearted level so as to reveal the future outlook or
prospect of this type of research with similar contextualisation. With respect to this proposed
research work, the primary mode of data collection that too the applicability of patients for
the gathering of first hand data regarding their pattern of livelihood with 2 such non-
communicable diseases might as well become highly difficult for the researcher to ascertain
in this study context. Most of the respondents might not be comfortable in sharing their
honest view and opinions regarding their livelihood while living with these physiological
issues in the current age where lenience in the society is scarce. Henceforth, as being
previously predicted by the researcher in the sampling segment, roughly 50% of the
respondents might as well provide vague feedback related to the survey questionnaires that
might lead to the researcher in terrible ambiguity with respect to analysis and discussion of
the research context. In addition to this, since this is a time bound assignment, the sample size
selected by the researcher is 200 and the tool of data collection is opted as close-ended survey
questionnaire through SurveyMonkey tool, this might become time consuming and might as
well result in the oppression of the estimated deadline of the research. Furthermore, the raw
data refinement with respect to evidential backup for the primary data shall be needed for this
research and while doing so the researcher might as well need to access peer reviewed

journals most of which have paid accessibility and due to the fund constraint these articles
may not be accessed with ease for this research.

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Appendix
Administration:
Therefore to complete the research work it has been assumed that the required time limit
should be one year. However, to complete each task certain amount of time will be required.
Hence the detail of the task along with the time limit has been portrayed below:
May to April
Tasks Ma
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Identification
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Background
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Aim and
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Proposed
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Research
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Outcomes of
Research
Hypotheses
Methodology
Ethical

Consideratio
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Finding
Limitation
Funding
Submission
Budget
Personnel Amount (£)
Project Coordinator 1100
Research Assistant 1050
Premises Cost 100
Equipment 150
Survey Monkey Subscription 231
Computer and Statistical Software 200
Travel 150
Total 2981