Research Analysis: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Chronic Pain

This report presents a critical analysis of research focusing on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a treatment for depression, anxiety, and chronic pain, particularly within interdisciplinary pain management programs. The analysis utilizes the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tool to evaluate the research methodology, appropriateness of methods, and the overall quality of the evidence presented. The report examines a specific article on CBT, assessing its purpose, background, methods, and findings, including a 3-year follow-up study. It discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the research, considering the application of CASP to determine the quality and relevance of the data. The report also explores the effectiveness of CBT in providing long-term benefits for patients and considers the clinical and economic implications of this therapy. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of critical analysis in research and the role of tools like CASP in ensuring the validity and reliability of research findings, emphasizing the importance of considering the requirements of the research and choosing the correct methods. The report concludes with a summary of the effectiveness of CBT and the importance of using CASP tools to ensure the quality of research.

Critical research
analysis

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Critically review the appropriate Critical Appraisals Skills Program (CASP) tool 1
Argue & Justify whether the methodology & methods are appropriate to address the research
problem 4
Discuss and justify the strengths and weaknesses using relevant supporting evidence 5
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Critical research analysis also covers a critical disclosure about studies and theories.
Through specific critical analysis approach, individual can investigate the significance of
relationship between the effect of language & power which mainly conducting, analysing &
examine how regular texts are created & also reinforce the social inequalities & the hierarchy
level. Critical analysis is a careful examination and evaluation of a text, image or other work or
performance. Performing a critical analysis it does not necessary include finding fault with a
work (Richard Nordquist, 2020). If just research there are some major points that have consider
very careful and it is essential, first of all choose a thesis statement, write executive summary and
introductory paragraph craft clear topic sentences, carefully organise the main body of research,
use relevant data, populate essay with evidence, after covering overall content cross check and
summarize analysis in a concluding paragraph and revise as necessary. In this report, Critical
appraisal skills program also most famously known as the CASP tool which is considered as the
generic tool that can help in appraising the specific strengths & limitations of the qualitative
research methodology. As per this tool, the quality of research determined the appropriate
research methods & well presented & meaningful findings. This report revolves around if
someone is doing research so, how it’s possible to know the quality of research, relevant data and
various other things such as aims and objectives, grammatical mistakes. It use methodology is
explicit concerned with the choices about linking theories and research methods in any given
research context.
MAIN BODY
Article – “Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in an Interdisciplinary
Rehabilitation Program for Chronic Pain: a Randomized Controlled Trial with a 3-Year
Follow-up”
Purpose
The main purpose of this article is to use the cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) which is
helpful for the treatment of the depression, anxiety & chronic pain. This study analysed the
impact of CBT in term of interdisciplinary pain management program with the 3 yearw of follow
up.
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Background
Depression and anxiety is considered as the frequent comorbid situation in individuals with the
chronic pain and reported rates and range from 20% to 54 %. Basically depression is
incorporated with the high level of pain , intensity & disability in the individuals with the chronic
pain. It is identified that both depression & anxiety are considered as the risk factors which
provide poor results in chronic pain. Pain in multiple areas increase the chances of high risk of
depression & anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) demonstrate effective results in
treatments of various rage of disorders such as depression , anxiety & chronic pain. As per the
few studies it can be identified that CBT can provide the long term outcome and benefits in the
depression with the psychiatric comorbidity that appread to decline Over the time but it remained
importantly better than the baseline at the 18 months follow up.
Method
For this study, overall one hundred fifteen individual participated who are suffering from the
depression, anxiety and chronic pain. All the patients participated in interdisciplinary pain
management program and only eighty patients can meet the criteria of the CBT treatment that
were randomised to the receive or not even receive the CBT for the depression & anxiety in
context of the rehabilitation pain management. Remaining thirty five patients constituted in the
second comparison group. All the follow up data mainly were gathered one & three years post
treatment with the 19% of the patients that dropping out after the one year & 34% patients after
the three years.
Finding
The finding indicated that Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) provide the long term benefits for
the treatment of the depression, anxiety and chronic pain. These treatments considered as a part
of the rehabilitation pain management program that considered the clinical & economic
implications.
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Critically review the appropriate Critical Appraisals Skills Program (CASP) tool
Critical appraisal skills programs tool is helpful to develop the specific skills that can be find
some sense of the research and its evidence. This tool is beneficial to apply all these evidence
into practice. CASP skills mainly develop the spread the awareness of the people and teach them
that how to critically analyse and appraise many kind of evidence. It is also known as generic
tool for appraising the strength and limitation of any qualitative research methodology. In the
prospective of qualitative and quantitative research can be appraised through using CASP tool
each guidelines has various questions in which validity, relevance and results of appraised
research have been covered (Alvesson & Deetz, 2020). The main purpose of this tool to analyse
the appropriate data and information which is mandatory, on the other side, research provide the
idea, to examine the conclusion, for instance, if business man looking forward to open business
in market place, first of all it has to do research and analyse what is the requirement and demand
of consumer as well as market. After that they have to make proper aims and objectives that give
excellent outcome with the help of research. So it will easy to researcher to find the
consequences, requirements and necessaries.
This tool mainly use to analyse the strength & weaknesses, with the help of useful consideration
of the research process that mainly need to performe in an effective manner.It is necessary to
consider the requirements of the research and opt various sources that can help to conduct
research in an effective way. As per the research articles it can be determined that Cognitive
behaviour therapy (CBT) is very effective for the depression, anxiety and chronic pain treatment.
CBT provide the long term benefit to the population who are facing this issue. The main motive
of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the CBT in term of the interdisciplinary pain and
management programs with a specific time 3 years. In this research, this test used on some
patients and analysed the results of pre - treatment and post treatment of the patients and it is
generalized that the outcome indicated that CBT use in depression and anxiety and considered as
a part of the rehabilitation pain management program that can provide the long term benefits of
this treatment. The results of this research are more appropriate and researcher used CASP tools
to mainatin the relevancy and reliability of the research.
CASP is essential to determine the research process and also use the specific sources that can
help to maintain the requirement of the research. Research is basically based on the quantitative
and quantitative research that can help to maintain the requirement of the research. All the useful
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consideration which are mainly classified and based on the qualitative research. This tool mainly
used to ensure the certain presentation related to the research that is helpful for the findings.
CASP mainly undertake the appraisal that mainly offer the prominent way that consider the
effective dedication for the study that is cohort by nature. Therefore, diagnostic studies mainly
tend to evaluate the various economic changes & use specific checklist that discussed below
(Buccheri & Sharifi, 2017).
As per this the suitable analysis of the first checklist is mainly analysed by the systematic
review that is basically emphasis the questions with the suitable examples. This report analyse
the critical recognisance through dual anti-platelet therapy before the specific bypass grafting.
On the basis of this topic, it mainly focus on the generating effective report & also use specific
questions that mainly concerned with the interventions. This report mainly highlight the various
questions in an appropriate manner that is very effective in order to get most possible outcome
through the assessment of the upcoming references. Through useful consideration of this topic ,
that is based on the certain loops that mainly useful to analyse the specific information that is
very relevant for the development of the project. After evaluating the various research paper, it is
defined that there are many researcher who contain their own ideas & point of view related to the
study. Moreover, as per the development of the report, proper defining the topic and evidence are
required (Cottrell, 2017). This topic provide the clear understanding about the suitable topic. As
per the current time, critical analysis is based on the vision that help to develop and collect the
data that is useful for the report writing. This study based on the essay that is evolved on assay
that is also termed as DAPT assay with the aspirin & clopidogrel before the CABG take
appropriate entry. It show the requirement in order to the development of meta-analysis and its
selection of the keyword with the help of references that mainly show the evidence that is based
on the data forming & use article that is related to the journals.
Apart from this, another checklist is also useful in term of cover the data that is very appropriate
in nature. This report is based on the essential topic like coronary artery bypass, clopodogrel and
acute coronary syndrome and anti-platelet therapy. This report cover the data from the
bibliographic unit it is mainly term to check the accuracy of the report. Meta-analysis approach is
used and also categorised in to three parts such as systematic search that is used in the electronic
database. Fro electronic database, researcher used google and search on web pages for further
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study and maintain effective screening that is mainly based on the bibliography. Furthermore,
when all the things are passing by the another checklist, then it measure the qualitative factors
(Cox & Tam, 2018).The detail analysis of this study is completed which is mainly reviewed
through quality report. By presenting the detail statement are being gathered from the EndNote
software that is mainly imitated by the eliminating the artificial Xerox investigation details and
the data as per the to improve the quality of the research. As per the CASP tools, all the
measurement effectively to know the certain factors that is useful to gain the better
understanding about the topic. New checklist use specific knowledge which can help to examine
the no duplication of the study which is essential for the research process. It is also analysed by
the EndNote software that is used in the research. As per the to understand the quality of the
report the real studies mainly undertake almost 8029 patients. In this study, qualitative measure
is used that is depend upon the specific objectives. As per the discussion of this report, DAPT
measured before the CABG and also know the patience with the ACS that mainly lead to renal
failure as there are some cardiac events involve hypertension that is concerned with the mortality
rate that summarise the DAPT that mainly connected. The outcome is contain in a precise way
after the specific screening of report that mainly undertake the 41 articles with the collection of
data that is concerned to the 15 studies that convened with the meta-analysis. Apart from this,
other checklist undertake the aims of the used in the research. The checklist is beneficial to frame
the outcome of the research. CASP tools are helpful to maintain the quality of the research (Fong
and et. al., 2017).
On the basis of this study it can be analysed that CASP tools is helpful to identify the adequacy
of the research which is based on the cognitive behavioral therapy. Through CASP tools ,
researcher can effectively determined the outcome that those patients who are experiencing the
depression and anxiety issues that are used CBT therapy which provided the most positive
outcome. This therapy take many time at least 1 to 3 years and as per this study it is identified
that 19% of the patients mainly dropping out aftee the 1 year & 34 % patients droped after the 3
years. Through CASP tool, researcher analysed the effectiveness of the researcher properly.
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Argue & Justify whether the methodology & methods are appropriate to address the research
problem
Research methodology can consider as the ongoing process that can help to identify the
specific facts related to any areas and topic. Research methodology is a continuous method that
can help to analyse the overall the specific process. With the help of research methodology,
researcher can analysed and find out the appropriate outcome. There are mainly two kind of
research used which are discussed below-
Primary Research
It is most essential research and also know as the first handed research that use original
data. It contains the direct intersection among the organisation and their customers in which they
mainly demand the suitable value of the outcome (Hosseini and et. al., 2018). This type of
research is done with the help of specific market research and determines the pure data and
information. There are various methods and techniques to use primary research which are given
below- Interviews – It mainly concerned about the face to face interaction to the people so that
they can easily share the appropriate information. Research can take many people can
analyse their point of view so that they can collect the appropriate data. It also consider
the appropriate source of economic that mainly lead to observe the overall condition to
enhance the productivity and effectiveness of the organisation. It also represent the
wastage of the resources that is neglected by the researcher in order to remove the
wastage. Survey – As per the current time, most of the survey is done via online method through
specific link and browsing. Survey can be done in both for online and offline. It can help
to cover the whole dimensions of the research and maintain the value of the products and
their services.
 Questionnaire – This is also considered the most appropriate methods to collect the
primary data. Most of the researcher used this methods and maintain various type of
questions like open ended questions and close ended questions.
As per this report, it is analysed that researcher undertake the certain steps that mainly concerned
with the various research tools and techniques that can help to extract the data from the common
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people. Moreover, this report maintains the quality by EndNote software that is reviewed by
duplication of the data and information extracted by the report (Luoto, Brax, Kohtamäki, 2017).
Secondary Research
This is also considered the most effective research type that usually contain the second
handed data that already collected by another person. This research help to generate the in-depth
knowledge about the specific topic and areas so that researcher can use this knowledge in their
study. It is undertake the inclusion of the research that analysed various resources to gather the
information. Secondary data can be collected by the websites, journals, articles and newspapers.
Meta-analysis effectively collaborate with the useful approaches with the many
researcher in both form primary & secondary. Both data collection methods can help to obtain
the specific information related to the topic through various researches paper and data articles
(Pappachen & Fathima, 2017).
As per this study, it is analysed that selected patients are divided in to 3 groups like CBT
group, non CBT group and comparison group. With the help of Numerical rating scale ( NRS) ,
researcher identified the pre treatment and post treatment value year wise and it considered for
the 3 years. Researcher contained some factors such as pain intensity , fear avoidance, anxiety ,
depression and social functioning. On the basis of these factors pre and post treatment responses
considered for these 3 groups.
Discuss & justify the strengths & weaknesses using the relevant supporting evidence
It is essential to analyse the strengths and weakness of the specific facts that can help to
maintain the specific knowledge and facts about the topic and matter (Williams, Boylan &
Nunan, 2020). Meta-analysis mainly leads to utilise in both type of the research methodology.
The description of strengths and weaknesses are discussed below-
Primary Research
Strengths Weaknesses
 As per the primary research,
researcher can effectively use meta-
 It is also analysed that primary
research only consider the first handed
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analysis in an appropriate way that
mainly lead to create in direct contact
with the certain people by provide
them specific source of data and
information.
 The another strength also considered
that researcher mainly linked with
various tools & technologies in term
to extracted the information that is
relevant for the study.
data so it is very time consuming and
expensive.
 The another weakness is mainly
linked with suitable kind of the
research that undertake high cost in
development of report and its data is
quite flexible in nature (Zhong, Wu,
Li, Sepasgozar, Luo & He, 2019).
Secondary Research
Strengths Weaknesses
 This approach is beneficial in
measured at cost less accumulated and
time savings because it appears to
ignore human engagement and
eliminates problems of discussing
issues with active people.
 When conducting published studies or
meta-analyses, it saves so much time
by using vital resources.
 The study provides information on
appropriate tools that provide viewers
with a better viewing experience.
 Data is collected based on prior
knowledge, in which researchers have
a tendency to gather data that does not
exist.
 It portrays the mistake that occurs as a
result of knowledge replication, which
lowers the general validity of the study
and analysis.
 The analysis is well-organized, using
both secondary information of
information. It is valuable for both the
acquisition of information that occurs
at a heavy price, as shown in this.
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CONCLUSION
It is inferred from the above report about findings such as research tool is very important
in critical research because it examine the appropriate data, and important thing is that is covers
the public review that helps to analyse what will run in the market place. It can be concluded
aims and objectives and covers the over all analysation that assist to give best outcome. This
report discussed about the article which is mainly related to the Cognitive behaviour therapy this
therapy play a significant role in the treatment of the depression, anxiety in the patients. CBT
provide the long term advantage to the patients and help them to overcome from the depression
and anxiety and chronic pain. This therapy provide the best results with the interdisciplinary pain
management program to that mainly take at least 3 years for recovery. Research used CASP tool
which can help to improve the value and relevancy of the research. The main motive of the
critical research analysis is to improve the effectiveness of the research study and provide the
advanced level of knowledge to that can help to develop the usage of scientific theories and
concepts.
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REFERENCES
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Macmillan International Higher Education.
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process and research data management. Aslib Journal of Information Management.
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student achievement. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 26, 71-83.
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Scientometric analysis. Automation in Construction, 87, 235-247.
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Constructing a model-narrative to reveal paradigmatic assumptions. Industrial
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Zhong, B., Wu, H., Li, H., Sepasgozar, S., Luo, H., & He, L. (2019). A scientometric analysis
and critical review of construction related ontology research. Automation in
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