Conceptual Design: CCTV Camera Implementation in Congested Areas

This case study provides a conceptual design for the implementation of CCTV camera systems in both congested urban and rural areas, specifically focusing on Western Australia and Kangaroo Island. The study emphasizes the importance of the design phase in system engineering, detailing the process definition, need identification, and advanced system planning. It covers technical performance measures, system specifications, and strategic considerations for CCTV camera applications. The design includes considerations for aerial, on-ground, and on-site camera installations to enhance security and monitoring capabilities. The study also analyzes the locality of the areas, the expertise required for CCTV camera operation, and provides conceptual designs for both urban and rural environments, including recommendations and conclusions. The case study highlights the significance of CCTV cameras in improving security, reducing crime, and facilitating efficient monitoring, especially in areas with limited coverage. The study is a comprehensive exploration of CCTV camera system design and implementation, emphasizing its relevance in modern engineering and security applications.

Case Study for CCTV Camera
Implementation in Congested Urban and Rural Areas
Conceptual Design
Done by:

Table of Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................3
Process Definition and need definitions and identification...............................................................5
Advanced system Planning and Architecture.........................................................................................5
Technical Performance Measure........................................................................................................6
System Specification..............................................................................................................................6
Conceptual Phase..............................................................................................................................6
Strategy Considerations and Rules.................................................................................................7
CCTV Cameras in Applications..................................................................................................7
Locality of the areas Described....................................................................................................7
Expertise of CCTV Camera.........................................................................................................7
Conceptual design of CCTV cameras for urban areas..................................................................8
Conceptual design of CCTV cameras for Rural areas................................................................10
Recommendations..............................................................................................................................11
Conclusions.........................................................................................................................................11
References............................................................................................................................................12
Table of figures
Figure 1 EDP diagram. 4
Figure 2EXPERT MONITORING 6
Figure 3 Conceptual Design for Urban area 7
Figure 4 CCTV camera installation design 7
Figure 5 Video CCTV camera in place design. 8
Figure 6 Conceptual design of cctv cameras for rural areas 9

Abstract
Design phase in a system of engineering plays a very big role especially when it comes to
implementation. Conceptual design phase being a part of the phase it is very important
although it may have some effects if not considered wise. Conceptual design applies mostly in
engineering industries to help in developing samples of the expected product. System
engineering can be considered as a very comprehensive and necessary procedure that can be
used to formulate simple and complex systems (burywood, 2007). Transportation systems
such as space shuttle are amongst the complex systems engineered by SE.
In this context the idea to be brought up is the need definition and conceptual design in
application and great details. My major area will be Western Australia and kangaroo Island.
The idea being putting on ground, aerial and onsite CCTV cameras especially on roads
leading those rural areas where it will need a conceptual design on how to implement this type
of work. This will enable easy monitoring of the country as a whole and avoid keeping other
areas like marginalised and hence since we have one of the best reserves where kangaroo
exist, which also acts as a part of country source of income from Kangaroo island as people
travels from far to come see these creatures. Security of the country should be monitored and
controlled in all corners of the country and Australia being on an island it might be prone to
unknown and expected hazards from all of its corners.
Introduction
Nowadays engineering has become a major course all over the world and great numbers of
students have enrolled in engineering faculties where they must learn engineer processes
meant for designs as part of the course. This processes in design can be applied in make of
new or even products in existences where they can be redesigned to a more desirable product
that meet the need of the consumer. The design processes are gathered in a topic named
Engineering Design processes which works hand in hand wing SE in all corners at any given
schedule or duration.
The proper functioning of a system will be achieved from formulation stage not after it has
been implemented. The expected or anticipated output before and after to be put in focus
during the early stages of formulation (International Council on Systems Engineering
(INCOSE), (2011).), hence system life cycle engineering becomes the main focus and in
which has for major cycles named as:
The System life cycle that is majored in identifying the need which extends through to
conceptual and preliminary designs, followed by the design for detail and how to develop and
so on. Second phase in the cycle is the product life cycle and this where we major in as the
conceptual design phase belongs here as a part of the acquisition phase. See the diagram
below

In designing, the conceptual should focus in overall configuration and compatibility of the
system.
The processes in engineering may differ according to the engineering processes to be put in to
place. The SmartArt shown below explains a sample of an EDP which have a cycle from the
start to the end.
Figure 1 EDP diagram.
From figure 1 when designing one have to come up with an idea at first then after all the
designs such as conceptual designs have been put in to place you then start implementing the
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design that resulted from the conceptual after implementation one have to test if the system
works according to the requirements.
Process Definition and need definitions and identification
In engineering systems everything is initiated by first identifying what is the want or the desire of a
specific area with or environment that lacks or have some deficiencies in task completions or outputs.
An example is where a firm is not achieving or meeting its objectives and goals set. In process
definition one need to identify the problem itself and then define the need for specific system
capability and that will be responsive to the earlier problem in existence.
After one identifies the problem that need to be solved so that the firm can meet its goals and achieve
its objectives, then a need analysis will need to be performed. In the case of CCTV camera installation
to be put in to place in to both urban and rural areas will have to ask ourselves, what the need analysis
should include? The system of CCTV camera to be installed will have the main function of offering
security through camera systems. Some of the CCTV camera functions is to provide surveillance to
the city and in rural areas according to the case study. The cctv camera will also be used in monitoring
all activities taking place at different time intervals in the areas where they are installed.
What need to be accomplished to ensure that the issues of security are alleviated as from the stated
deficiency is to install the CCTV cameras in aerial views especially in urban areas and in rural areas.
What also need to be accomplished is that the areas the cctv cameras to be installed should all be
installed with power and enough security and sites set for monitoring the activities as they appear by
an cctv camera expert.
Advanced system Planning and Architecture
The advanced system planning follows after identifying the need. The program management plan
which assists in preparing the system engineering management plan is developed and figured as
below.
Form the diagram above after identifying the needs definition one have to do the system design and
feasibility study by identifying the approaches to be used for system level design. The various

approaches to be evaluated during the feasibility studies are performances, how effective,
maintenance, the sustaining support and the life cycle. There may exist many possible alternatives
but they must be narrowed down to very specifics and within the schedule required.
In the same the system operational requirements should include things like the anticipated time that
the system will be in operational use, Anticipated usage of the system, the effectiveness and
environmental factors.
Technical Performance Measure
These are quantitative value that is estimated or predicted or even measured but its aim is to
describe the system performance. TPM includes the quantitate factors such as the logistics, time for
information processing, rate of facility utilization.
Technical performance Quantitative
Requirement
(“Metric”)
Current
“Benchmark”
(Completing Systems)
Relative Importance
(Customer Desires)
Process time 35 days
(Maximum)
50 days
(CCTV Cameras
SECTION A)
20
Velocity 300mph
(average)
350mph
(Section B)
22
Availability(Operational) 99.2
(Minimum)
98.5
(section C)
18
Size(Feet) 3 feet long
2 feet wide
1 feet high
(maximum)
N/A 20
Human Factors Less than 2% error
rate per year.
18% per year
(Section B)
6
Weight Pounds 100 pounds
(maximum)
3 miles
Section C
7
Maintainability 500 miles
(Minimum)
525 Miles
(section C)
7
100
System Specification
In the conceptual design phase the main and major objectives are to define the specific design to
requirements for the system as an entity. All results from TPM and all feasibility analysis and all the
others are combined and integrated in a system specification. Reviewing the conceptual design
below
Conceptual Phase.
Engineering has taken over everything nowadays as all appliances we use are all
manufactured and must have passed through engineering to be what they are. Engineering in
making of aeroplanes, electric trains and even move to space where people can walk freely
with still the help of engineering even in where there is no gravity.
This makes engineering a very vital topic in the current as everything we use it engineer-
oriented. From logical design which we tabulate without seeing we extends it to conceptual

design where we engage requirements to be accomplished and how they can be operated in all
levels in form designs such as drawings with actual estimations (National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA), 2007). This case study about cctv cameras will have to
consider the exact requirements in kangaroo island and western Australia and come up with a
clear cctv camera system that will operate in all areas without a fail to the system or to the
country as a whole when monitoring and security are considered. The implementation of the
cctv camera will be considered in the below discussed phases which elaborate more on the
design of conceptual.
Strategy Considerations and Rules
CCTV Cameras in Applications
Cases of feeling insecure in such congested areas in urban areas such as Sydney during events
may be one of the major reason to why we have to implement such systems. In rural areas
such as western Australia and kangaroo island lack of enough coverage in those areas may
also be a reason to why this system must be implemented in all areas of the country. CCTV
cameras is a technology where camera are put in strategic positions which don’t need a person
to come and monitor them and hence it will reduce cost of employing many security guards to
do the monitoring work especially the rural areas.
Incidences of theft to no trace due to lack of full coverage of the incidences because of lack of
enough cctv cameras in those areas will be reduced to almost zero. The CCTV cameras acts as
an additional security to the country (Winkler, 2013). Since Australia is tapped with
electricity everywhere implementation of this won’t be a problem. Also use of satellites to
links with the aerial cameras will also be another advantage to the country as the incidences
that maybe not be clear are traced from the satellite. Conceptual design will focus on info
exchange phase as far as the system is concerned.
Locality of the areas Described.
Sydney is one of the major cities in Australia and sometimes it is congested especially in case
of major events. Some areas in Sydney don’t have coverage of each and every area in the
major city. The locality of Sydney is in a very strategic position and installing this CCTV
camera will be very easy as there are other areas already installed in the areas and hence it
will be like an extension (disruperk, 2010). The areas that need more cctv cameras is in all
areas that monitor every part of the city. This helps in easy viewing of the city as it captures
each and every incident
The other locality is in rural in which most areas are not implemented with the cctv camera
and hence the all roadways, sideways and aerial will all need to be implemented in these
remote areas.
Expertise of CCTV Camera
Technology has been the day to day business as in all areas the technology dictates the work
of the day. CCTV camera also uses technology as what happening in the stated areas must be
monitored somewhere by an expert who is skilled in that field of control and monitoring of
cctv cameras. Aerial cameras rotate at an angle of 360 degrees which will help in viewing in
all areas within the time set at any given time in all cases.

Depending on the location of the expert nothing can go wrong as with use of technology all
can be viewed and elaborated using his own expertise at all case
Figure 2EXPERT MONITORING
Conceptual design of CCTV cameras for urban areas
The idea behind the case study is additional of cctv cameras in urban areas for more viewing
in all areas in the town. In rural areas is implementing the cctv cameras in the first time. The
conceptual design in urban areas aims at providing information and using the gathered
information to monitor all the situations happening in real time (JJ, 2014). The following
diagrams below shows some of the conceptual designs that need to be put in place in Western
Australia.

Figure 3 Conceptual Design for Urban area
Figure 4 CCTV camera installation design

Figure 5 Video CCTV camera in place design.
The aerial views of camera rotating will really need to be put in to implementation highly as
the concentration of people in this areas will need the hidden aerial cctv cameras to enable
easy use of viewing (ZUNKJ, 2007). For verifying remote incidences this will be performed
by CCTV as seen in the figures above.
Conceptual design of CCTV cameras for Rural areas
Installation of CCTV cameras in rural areas is always aligned with so many problems one
being the cost of buying these gadgets and secondly the cost of installation and lastly the
willingness of the government to install these gadgets if they understand. Due to existence of
large lands which are unoccupied in these rural areas it is hence easy to choose and define the
best area to install the cctv cameras with almost no interruption after installation. Due to make
the conceptual design in rural areas scattering of homes gives a good room for installation
without space issues (de Jong, 2012). The figures are rural conceptual designs of cctv cameras

Figure 6 Conceptual design of cctv cameras for rural areas
Recommendations
In the current cities the cctv cameras in existence don’t cover up everything as they are not
installed in most places especially in concentrated areas and hence implementation of cctv
cameras especially aerial ones in urban areas will reduce the problems of theft or those small
incidences not easily detected by the already cctv cameras in place. Also the integration of
cctv cameras with the technology in place to help in monitoring cctv cameras in different
positions even in remote areas especially in urban.
Use of satellites in linking them with the cctv cameras that are to be installed to enable more
clear and real time happening of events. Network that are of high quality should be put in to
place for easy capture of data, video and data and hence easy transmission to the expert
monitoring the cameras. Lastly is to ensure that enough security is implemented for ensuring
such installed cctv cameras are always safe and that they are not manipulated.
Conclusions
Conceptual design as seen above really plays one of the biggest role in project
implementation when we consider other phases of the cycle in the project. Any mistake made
in the conceptual design will be carried in all other phases and this highly affect the budget,
the output and much more the efforts that was put in place (Damson, 2011). It is the physical
design implementation that clearly outlines what the actual and real implementation will
appear like.
To understand more on conceptual design phase one must have all the details about what to be
put in to place. The drawings bring in the context that is required as the output. As seen in the
study case of implementing cctv cameras in both rural and urban areas conceptual design is a
major phase in system engineering especially in cases where it is concentrated as it is
complex.

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