BUS211 Report: Challenges of Cheese Transportation to Singapore

This report examines the challenges of transporting 1,000kg of cheese from Normandy, France, to Singapore, focusing on key aspects of international logistics. The report delves into the critical role of packaging in preserving cheese quality, emphasizing the need for temperature control and protection against moisture and damage. It explores various transportation modes, including multimodal transport, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of air, sea, and land transport, and the importance of reefer containers. The report also discusses the significance of cargo insurance in mitigating risks associated with international shipping, covering different types of policies and exclusions. The conclusion summarizes the main challenges and suggests solutions for ensuring the safe and efficient delivery of cheese, emphasizing the importance of careful planning and execution in international logistics to maintain product integrity and meet customer expectations.

BUS211 International Logistics
“You are tasked with transporting a cargo of cheese (1,000kg) from
Normandy, France to the location where you are currently studying this unit.
Describe the key challenges you would anticipate. How would you overcome
these? “

Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION
2.0 CHALLENGES FOR THE INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT OF CHEESE
2.1 PACKAGING
2.2 TRANSPORTATION
2.3 INSURANCE
3.0 CONCLUSIION
4.0 REFERENCES

1.0 Introduction
In the past 70 years, the international trade and economic development of most
countries in the world have experienced unprecedented growth and improvement.
With the rapid development of globalization, the integration of the international
supply chain is not only more and more popular but also has become a demand.
Global logistics is a way for suppliers and customers to contact with each other
internationally. At the same time, global logistics also has a huge increase in traffic.
With the improvement of Globalization, global access to trading websites, and better
access to trading groups. (David, 2013)
In 1950, the world export was about 2956.21 billion US dollars, accounting for about
5.5% of the world GDP. At the same time point, the world's GDP is about 581.708
billion US dollars, and the per capita GDP is about 5709 US dollars. By 1998, exports
had grown significantly, currently about $5817.08 billion, or an estimated 17.2% of
the world's GDP. World GDP has increased to an estimated level of US $33725635
million, and per capita GDP is now 5709 (Hendrik & lewer, 2015).
The purpose of this report is to transport a cargo of cheese (1000 kg) from Normandy,
France, to Singapore. There are many factors to consider in the cross-border
transportation of goods. The main factors considered in this report, such as packaging,
transportation, insurance, etc., will be discussed with this project.

2.0 Challenges for the international transit of cheese
2.1 packaging
Packaging can be portrayed as materials used to secure, protect, and show food. The
principle capacity of bundling is to give a sort of insurance to the merchandise, to
guarantee that the products stay in their unique state during the time spent
transportation, and to move them to the assigned spot productively and efficiently. It
is significant to effectively execute the bundling procedure of food and refreshment
and keep up the nature of items from the earliest starting point of transportation as far
as possible of transportation (Han, 2013).
Protection in food packaging is a significant capacity since clients' elevated standards
for items are new. Dairy packaging needs exceptional consideration and consideration
since it is the entire of keeping items fresh, taste, and texture. On the off chance that
the products are presented to extreme natural conditions for a while, for example, over
the top temperature or moistness, the merchandise will fall apart (Appendix I).
Figure: Different varieties of cheese temperature and duration of storage
From: https://www.tis-gdv.de/tis_e/ware/milchpro/kaese/kaese.htm/#ls

Instances of short-lived things incorporate fish, dairy items, meat, organic products,
medication, and synthetic substances. For cheese packaging, it is significant not to
show any imperfections brought about by dampness or mugginess. Such harm
regularly expands the danger of shape development or slimy parasite contamination
(NPCs board, 2012). French cheese can be divided into three categories, compressed
cheese (like most British cheese), soft cheese (like Camembert cheese) and blue
cheese can be added with some mixed or very unique cheese. Three different types of
milk, cheese is made of three kinds of milk: milk, goat's milk, goat's milk. there are
two sources, they are produces, they are further divided into cottage cheese, or
industrial cheese. It is also possible to further differentiate between traditional
regional cheeses (about 40) with the AOP label, traditional cheeses without the AOP
label, and modern milk designed and produced cheeses.
Rushton, Croucher, and Baker, (2010) underscored that the packaging framework
assumes a focal job in all significant national and global vehicle modes since it
encourages simple dealing with between various methods of frameworks. The points
of interest related to packaging frameworks are higher assistance levels, easier
documentation, and decreased necessities for singular packaging.

Figure: The packaging method used to transport 1000 kg of cheese.
From: http://www.fedex.com/us/packaging/guides/Perishables_fxcom.pdf
The utilization of a packaging framework prompts the normalization of products and
the decrease in work costs. There is a novel ID number on the packaging. Through the
PC of the board, the area of the packaging can be known whenever. This thusly
encourages the allotment of the packaging as indicated by need, goal, and accessible
vehicle limit. Subtleties of the sorts of bundles utilized will be given in the vehicle
area of this report. As assistance arranged cargo forwarder, the location and 24-hour
contact number of shippers and collectors will be remembered for each transport
name.
During transportation, gel coolant is better than wet ice. Refrigerate the coolant
according to the manufacturer's guidelines. If possible, precool the insulated vessel. If
you have liquids or perishable liquids that may contain liquids, pack them in double

bags with at least 2 mil waterproof plastic bags and use at least 2 mil plastic lining
and absorbent material lining in the interior of the foam container. Place the product
in an insulated container with cooling space. Place a sufficient amount of coolant on
and around the top of the product. Fill all gaps with padding to prevent product
movement (Rodrigue, 2013).
2.2 Transportation
The consequence of monetary globalization is that organizations create and convey
items to their worldwide clients. So as to accomplish this, business associations must
deal with their graceful chain and successfully deal with their coordination
framework. (Khooban, 2011) focused on that transportation represents 33% to 66% of
the absolute coordination cost. In this day and age, transportation of any merchandise
requires transportation, from crude materials to makers, from completed items to
retailers and clients.
Multimodal transport and multimodal transport assume an imperative job in the
coordinations arrangement of present-day business associations. Cargo transport,
including every single significant method of transport, for example, air, water, rail,
and street, has expanded fundamentally over the previous decade and will keep on
growing soon. The greatest financial advantage of air transport is its positive effect on
universal exchange. It advances the accomplishment of day and day conveyance
administrations, just as the vehicle of time-delicate merchandise, for example,

transitory items. (Kumar, 2014) accepts that land transportation despite everything
assumes a significant job in coordination since it gives air and ocean transportation
administrations from air terminals and seaports. The greatest trait of this method of
transportation is that it is quick and advantageous to ship via land.
(Coyle, 2012) plot how sea transport represents 66% of all global vehicle and assumes
a crucial job in cross-outskirt freight transport. In any case, one of the burdens of
ocean transportation is its long travel time. There is an extraordinary chance that the
request will be dropped when the products are in travel, notwithstanding the higher
danger of harm. Higher stock expenses are another factor to consider for
transportation (Manners-chime, 2013).
With the decision of multimodal transport, the sheltered conveyance of products is
guaranteed. It gives a fair way to deal with the potential dangers of utilizing ocean
transportation; likewise makes reference to the dangers of exporters. In the
transportation of short-lived things, for example, cheese, conservation, and assurance
are fundamental in the bundling procedure. On the off chance that appropriate
measures are not taken, this temperature-delicate item will be harmed by stickiness
and even be assaulted by worms. The compartment framework assumes a significant
job in every single significant method of universal transportation.
Figure: Specifications of the 20ft ISO Reefer Container

From: http://www.uniteam.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/20ft-iso-reefer-container.pdf
The fundamental advantages related to this framework are improved help
productivity, streamlined documentation, and decreased work costs. The cheddar will
be put in a protected compartment in a layered box fixed with coolant, which has a
favorable position over utilizing wet ice. The vehicle package is in the packaging
style, snares and belts will be utilized as dunnage to forestall any pointless
development in the cargo.
Due to the high impact and pressure sensitivity of cheese during cargo handling,
proper care must be taken during cargo handling. The cheese in the roll should not fall
on the ground or be placed too hard, otherwise, it will lose its roundness. The goods
must also be kept away from humidity (rain, snow) and excessive temperature during
handling. It is absolutely necessary to observe the specified cooling temperature.
Reefer container refrigerators are designed and delivered according to customers'

expectations, which may include, standard lifting bags for forklifts, power supply,
indoor lighting, and emergency buttons for emergency opening from inside. Quick
loading and unloading of the aluminum ramp are included in the price. The unit can
provide, internal aluminum and stainless steel, flat floor, internal lighting, heat
curtain, and asymmetric door, convenient access, and rescue hatch in the right door. It
is very suitable for sea transportation and all aspects to ensure the freshness and
quality of cheese from transportation to destination.
2.3 Insurance
Cargo insurance is a kind of cargo insurance policy, which protects the buyer or the
seller of the cargo through transportation. It includes the loss of the goods when they
are transported from the exporter or the seller to the buyer or the importer. It is very
helpful for sellers engaged in international trade and those who need to transport large
quantities of goods in a specific place. The specific terms and interests of cargo
insurance vary from country to country and from company to company. Many times,
these policies will be adjusted according to different requirements of specific delivery,
but there are also some specific rules applicable to the whole industry. Different kinds
of cargo insurance policies exist. But the main advantage is to protect the value of the
goods. In the process of transportation, if there is an emergency, it can reduce the loss
of the buyer or the seller (David, 2013).
You can also ship the goods without insurance, but in this case, the seller must bear

the Pentecost fee charge for the damage of the goods. Although there are legal
provisions, they are long and international law limits the responsibility of the carrier
of the goods. All risks are the best insurance for the goods. At the same time, it also
includes the cargo loss caused by it. Other types of risks include, damage caused by
bad weather, mishandling by the carrier, damage caused by mud and grease
fumigation services, and cargo insurance does not cover goods that are improperly
packed or rejected by customs officials. Other exclusions: the buyer of abandoned
goods fails to pay for the loss of goods due to delayed shipment or damage due to the
dishonest nature of some employees' products.
There are different dangers in the transportation of products. The introduction of
payload protection is to shield you from every one of these dangers. I think it is a
great idea to have protection on the grounds that to shield your load from boat to
shore, in the worldwide economy, any global organization needs to ensure its payload
in travel to look after seriousness. Regardless of whether you transport the
merchandise via land, ocean, or air, freight protection covers the products from the
second they leave the distribution center until they show up at the goal. These
remember only for time conveyance, gracefully chain multifaceted nature, and
business interruption dangers. We will change our terms and conditions as indicated
by our clients' exceptional transportation or assurance needs, including display, item
establishment, deals tests, stockpiling area and seaward business interference. Load
protection can be bought on an autonomous premise, or it very well may be joined

with the current FM worldwide all-hazard strategy to cover any potential protection
hole.
Working with insurance agencies, they will give a basic apparatus that will give total
assurance to you and your flexibly chain if there is an issue with your products during
transportation. MSC payload protection depends on all dangers/all dangers to secure
against the dangers inalienable in oceanic and land transport and to guarantee full pay
in the event of harm to the load. This applies to any merchandise from distribution
center to stockroom and anyplace on the planet, with little limitation on the idea of the
products (MSC, n.d). MSC will be liable for the entire procedure. These protection
objects are merchandise in travel, and the fundamental protection liabilities are
cataclysmic events and mishaps. As per various methods of transportation, it very well
may be partitioned into marine freight transportation protection, Continental payload
transportation protection, air load transportation protection, and bundle transportation
protection. At last, the extent of obligation primarily incorporates cataclysmic events,
for example, extreme climate, lightning, wave, seismic tremor and flood, just as
mishaps, for example, abandoning, hitting rocks, sinking, crash, impact with ice floes
or different articles, fire, blast, and so forth.
3.0 Conclusion
The reason for this report is diagrams the difficulties looked in the transportation of
universal merchandise, from direct a toward point B, and assigns the worldwide
shipment of 1000 kg cheese from Normandy, France to Singapore. The principle body