Leadership Approaches to Change Initiatives: A Comparative Study

Desklib provides past papers and solved assignments. This report analyzes change management in organizations.

Understanding and Leading Change

Table of Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................... 3
LO1 Compare ways in which change impacts on an organisation’s strategy and
operations........................................................................................................................ 4
LO2 Evaluate the influences that drivers of change have on organizational behavior.....6
LO3 Determine how barriers to change influence leadership decision-making................9
LO4 Apply a range of leadership approaches to a change initiative..............................10
Conclusion..................................................................................................................... 13
Reference List................................................................................................................ 14
2

Introduction
The people who are working in the business environment are the most important parts
of an organisation. It is necessary for the organisation to make some changes in the
policies in order to retain the workforce and keep them productive as well. There are
many segment sin an organisation where the issues associated with management
decisions can be easily seen. The management needs to make some assessment and
they should implement changes in the situation as well in order to have a better and
rational output from the employees. In the following segment, the organisation
Sainsbury’s is going to be taken into consideration.
3

LO1 Compare ways in which change impacts on an organisation’s strategy and
operations
P1 Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of
change on an organisation’s strategy and operations.
There are many organisations, which have a better opportunity than the mentioned
ones have right now in a highly competitive environment. The most of the cases it is
seen that the issues associated with leading a change stops an organisation from being
productive. The management needs to make some alterations in order to have a better
and rational output. The organisations that have been taken into consideration are
Sainsbury’s and Harrods Foods Hall.
Sainsbury’s UK
This is one of the affluent organisations dealing in the supermarket chain business
system in the United Kingdom. It is reported that around 16.9% market in the
supermarket segment is under their command and they are progressing with a rapid
force. The company was established in the year of 1859 and the headquarter is in
Holborn, London, UK. John James Sainsbury established the organisation. It has more
than 1400 shop in the whole world and around 190,000 employees as well, which is a
significant proof of excellence (Sainsburys.co.uk, 2019).
Harrods Foods Hall, UK
It is one of the most affluent luxurious departmental stores in the United Kingdom and it
is a brand of popular Harrods Groups of Companies. Charles Henry Harrod established
it in 1824, and it has one of the largest campuses in the world of departmental stores
(Harrods.com, 2019). In the year of 2010, the company started to make business in the
Chinese provenance and currently it is gaining more popularity in the different parts of
the world as well for the services it is providing to the people.
Contrast between the organizational structure, strategies and operations
Differences
 There is a huge difference in staff number and it is seen that around 12000
people are working with Harrods Foods Hall. On the other hand, Sainsbury’s has
almost 190,000 employees on an overall basis.
 The product line up of Sainsbury’s is different from the other one and they are
offering variety in their services and delivering different products like wine, retail
good grocery and many else (Sainsburys.co.uk, 2019). On the other hand,
Harrods Foods Hall is offering only food products. The company has a strong
portfolio of food products but the diversity in offerings of Sainsbury’s keep them
ahead.
 The organisation Sainsbury’s has more number of physical stores compared to
Harrods Foods Hall. Being one of the major retiled organisations in the world of
today it is necessary to make sure that the physical presence is higher in the
4

required provenance. It is one of the leading organisations and it is highly
necessary to have a considerable amount of stores in the globalised world.
 On the other hand, if the revenue generation and the net income is analysed then
it can be seen that Sainsbury’s has generated a huge amount compared to the
other organisation. It can be considered as a major development that can cause
fruitful changes in the system. In this long run, both the organisation has to make
profitable changes in order to be a dominant force to their business segment.
Similarities
 The technical modification in both of the organisations is higher than anticipation.
The companies use machines, which are cutting edge and provide proper
support to every task. The management tries to keep them modified in order to
meet the organisational demand.
 The organisations have implemented self-checkout systems and they are making
it more reliable day by day by adding improvements to it. This is one of the most
convenient processes to incorporate technical modification s in a system. There
is a high possibility of having major development in customer review segment
regarding the change management process that has been introduced to the
business ambience.
 The organisations are equipped with proper kind of modification strategies and
they have proper contingency planning to avoid the issues, which are generally
faced by the people of other organisations’ operation department.
LO2 Evaluate the influences that drivers of change have on organizational
behavior
P2 Evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect
leadership, team and individual behaviors within an organization.
There are certain responsibilities of an organization to make sure that the services are
being provided in a distinct manner. It is seen that the issues associated with proper
kind of management policies are getting a major hike but it is also seen that these are
going to get lower with proper remedy implementation. It is a necessary condition for
every organization to take a step towards globalization and have a proper leadership
structure, which is going to make sure that the internal and external drivers of change
are not becoming a major drawback for the organization (Lozano, 2015). In the following
segment, the drivers are going to be discussed in accordance with the effects of them
on the decision-making factors of an organization.
Some of the functions are latest technology, different HRM processes, competitive
ambience, urbanization, industry development, change in societal norms, resource
availability, unemployment, discrimination and many other things. There are many
cases where it is seen that the internal and external drivers have changed the business
development scenario. In case of market operational drivers the external aspects need
to be prioritized and the internal issue settlement cases, the most important thing to be
taken into consideration is the internal drivers. In order to have a better kind of effects of
any services the management needs to think of the procedures that are efficient and
5

effective in every context. The management needs to think of a proper approach
strategy. With the change of the external factors, the management of different
organizations makes changes to the requirements of their organizations and they
consider the best kind of approach strategies properly (Leonidou et al., 2017). The aim,
vision, objectives and other factors are changes in accordance with that in order to
make the entire business segment proficient. Changes in the government decision,
legislations, urbanization, and other things make it efficient to perform in a highly
competitive environment. These are few of the most necessary changes needed to be
considered, to cope up with the trend of having a major benefit in the flourishing market.
In terms of internal organization analysis, it is highly important to make some
modification in the business domain. The majority of the people try to think of the
procedures that are associated with proper kind of internal situation evaluation. The
factors like workforce, HRM, cost of the company, and others have a major impact on
the decisions making process of an organization. The issues are needed to be
channelized and hence it is often seen that the management consider necessary
changes regarding workforce betterment. Some of the cases it is also seen that the
management does not include the human workforce in the system but they try to make
sure that the workforce is replaced with more profitable resources in the end (Hyatt and
Berente, 2017). This is the process of making a necessary change in the business
development process, to be very precise in the leadership approach.
P3 Evaluate measures that can be taken to minimize negative impacts of change
on organizational behavior.
The management of different organizations has to think of a new prospect to mitigate
the issues that are associated with proper kind of man management. It is seen that the
issues associated with betterment of the organizational needs to be complied with the
demand in the market and for that reason, a detailed analysis is highly necessary
(Namada, 2018). There are theories that have to be taken into consideration in order to
make a logical profound statement. The management needs to think o the most
productive and proficient theories and models, which are, associated with the
betterment o the situations. Some applicable models that can be taken into
consideration and some of them are given in the following list
 Lewin’s Change management
 Kotter’s Theory
 ADKAR Model
 The McKinsey 7s Model
 Satir Change management model
The McKinsey 7s Model
Strategy
According to the market demands, different organisations have to take measures that
are associated with proper kind of business management. It is seen that the issues
associated with an organisational culture needs to be mitigated in accordance with the
requirement. The management needs to think of the factors that can be implemented for
6

betterment of the organisation and in this aspect strategies are necessary (Cox et al.,
2018). Sainsbury’s has to make sure that they are making a profound impact on the
business development process with proper strategy to make sure that they are in the list
of sustainable organisation.
Organizational structure
Business structure is one of the most important things to take into consideration and it is
seen that the management needs to make sure that they are being in the most
productive segment. The most of the cases it is seen that the issues associated with the
structures have made organisations crumble and in case of Sainsbury’s it is a major
factor to take into consideration too. The management needs to make sure that the
issues are being nullified and they are getting a fulltime management process as well
(Channon and Caldart, 2015).
Systems
There should be a proper kind of politics in the organisation and the management need
to make sure that the team is nullifying the issues properly. The organisational policies
have to be coherent and a precise kind of step has to be taken as well in order to have
better kind of management policies as well (Shiri et al., 2015). Giving a proper set of
policies will help the organisation to make a profitable return as well.
Shared Values
In accordance with the viewpoint of Sainsbury’s context, it can be deduced that the
management policies need to be addressed in a proficient manner and the employees
of different department needs to have the same values as well. This is going to help the
organisation to perform in a productive manner as well.
Style
The higher management skills have to be considered as the main aspect of the
research. It is seen that the issues are being nullified as well in order to make a
profound impact on the business development process. The management need sot
ensure a better quality management process which is going to give a rational feedback
with as well. The leadership styles and other things need to be managed in a proficient
manner as well in order to have better kind of retinal output.
Staff
The staffs are one of the most effective options to take into consideration and it is seen
that the issues are going to be managed in a proper manner as well. The staffs are
necessarily to be enhanced with proper skill analysis to make a justified amendment to
the situation. The staffs of Sainsbury’s need to make sure that they are getting the best
kind of motivation to make some amendment in the service process (Shaqrah, 2018).
Skills
The management needs to make sure that they are making a proficient development
and in this context, the service providers have to make sure that they are getting the
best amendments in the skill line up as well. The skills are needed because this is going
7

to help in making a desired amendment in the output of the any implementation. In
Sainsbury’s the skill related factors have to be analysed in a proficient manner as well.
Evaluation of the 7S model
There are some issues, which have to be analysed and catered in order to adapt this to
the institution. There are many cases where it is seen that the issue management
process is viable and highly effective but in most of the other cases, this has given
negative impact to the management process. The process details about the skills and
other factors but the process has not detailing about the economic factors of an
organisation. On the other hand, the model has detailed about the internal
environmental factors of an organisation but it has no description of how the external
environmental factors are going to make changes into the system.
LO3 Determine how barriers to change influence leadership decision-making
P4 Explain different barriers for change and determine how they influence
leadership decision-making in a given organisational context.
Cogitative Biases
The believes, which are not important to be taken into consideration are one of the most
important things to be avoided in the long run. It is seen that the issue are going to be
minimised as well in a proficient manner about for that what needed is a proper
managerial system, which is going to get the best kind of assessment of the issues that
are associated with proper business development (Blanco-Portela et al., 2017). The
processes have to be managed as well which related with the business improvement
segment and the Sainsbury’s have to be quite rational to it. The management process
needs to be enhanced with proper assessment and then the decisions have to taken by
them in order to minimise any kind of conflicts.
Conflict in the Group
The issues associated with the group and team is related with proper kind of business
assessment. The issues are going to be minimised in a proficient manner and in this
aspect, the service providers have to make sure that they are getting best output from
them. The management process needs to be changed and in accordance with that, the
management needs to make some developments as well. The group conflicts are
important factors to cater because in the long run this is going to make a proficient
impact on the business development process as well. In case of Sainsbury’s the
management process needs to be enhanced as per the requirement and in the long run
this is going to be an effective aspect for the company as well (Hallinan et al., 2016).
Deadline Issues
Having deadline is one of the most unwanted pressures but it gives a proficient output
as well. There are many cases where the deadline related issues have managed to
make some proficient impact on the performance of an organisation and it is highly
necessary for the service-providing organisation to find out the rationality of giving
8

deadlines. The management needs to think of a proper process, which is going to help
in a proper kind of business development process in which the deadline issues can be
minimised by giving a proper assessment to the issues (Barach, 2016). On the other
hand, the service providers need to make sure that the deadline is working in benefit of
the organisation in order to make the entire workforce more productive.
LO4 Apply a range of leadership approaches to a change initiative.
P5 Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of
organisational contexts.
There are different types of leadership approaches and they are democratic, autocratic,
transactional and transformational.
Democratic Leadership
Characteristics
 The subordinates are highly admired for the decisions they give
 The reward process is authentic and analytical
 There is no biasness
 The leaders award the creative thinkers
Benefits
The fellow workers are always motivated to perform in accordance with the requirement.
The management gets a flawless progress. The employees are always motivated it with
the approach. The members feel more connected to the work they are assigned to
(Iqbal et al., 2015).
Drawbacks
Not all the team members are always active in this process and some of the cases it is
seen that the inactive ones are de-motivated. This is a necessary thing to take into
consideration as well in order to implement things.
Autocratic Leadership
Characteristics
 The rules are mainly prioritised
 The creative factor of an employee is discouraged
 The sub ordinate contribution is neglected
 The work structure is kept rigid all the time
Benefits
The most of the cases it is seen that the approach process is effective for small teams.
The deadline adherence factor needs to be prioritised by the groups, which are unable
to do it. In this aspect, it is highly necessary to make sure that the issues with proper
directions, as the entire team is inefficient to do it (Cunningham et al., 2015.). In order to
minimise the group conflict issue, it is the best option to go for.
9

Drawbacks
The staffs may get unsatisfied with the presence of the employers and it is highly
necessary for the management to make sure that the issues are being nullified in a
proficient manner, the management needs to make sure that the issues are being
minimised in a productive manner in order to have better kind of effectiveness in the
system. The discouraged employees will be less productive for the organisation.
From the above analysis, it can be stated that democratic leadership is the best
process to take into consideration in order to have better kind of output from the people.
Many people who are working in the business and the service providers need to make a
proper kind of assessment of the situation as well (Yusuf, 2016). The democratic
process will help in making a logical decision and in the end, it is going to get the best
out of the team.
10

Conclusion
The leaders of the organizations have to take care of the factors in a proficient manner
in order to make some modifications in their domain. This is going to have a better kind
of impact on the decision making process and it will enhance the profitability in a distinct
manner. It can be concluded that the management needs to make a proper assessment
of the scenario and the leaders have to take better decisions as well in order to have
rational outcome. The most productive and proficient outcome is needed in the system
of Sainsbury’s to make the entire business development more productive and proficient
that the Harrods Foods Hall.
11

Reference List
Barach, P.R., 2016. Addressing barriers for change inclinical practice. Quality
Management in Intensive Care: A Practical Guide, p.142.
Blanco-Portela, N., Benayas, J., Pertierra, L.R. and Lozano, R., 2017. Towards the
integration of sustainability in Higher Eeducation Institutions: A review of drivers of and
barriers to organisational change and their comparison against those found of
companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 166, pp.563-578.
Channon, D.F. and Caldart, A.A., 2015. McKinsey 7S model. Wiley encyclopedia of
management, pp.1-1.
Cox, A.M., Pinfield, S. and Rutter, S., 2018. Extending McKinsey’s 7S model to
understand strategic alignment in academic libraries. Library Management.
Cunningham, J., Salomone, J. and Wielgus, N., 2015. Project Management Leadership
Style: A Team Member Perspective. International Journal of Global Business, 8(2).
Hallinan, Z.P., Forrest, A., Uhlenbrauck, G., Young, S. and McKinney Jr, R., 2016.
Barriers to change in the informed consent process: A systematic literature. IRB, 38(3).
Harrods.com, (2019). Harrod. [online] Available at: https://www.harrods.com/en-gb/food-
and-wine [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].
Hyatt, D.G. and Berente, N., 2017. Substantive or symbolic environmental strategies?
Effects of external and internal normative stakeholder pressures. Business Strategy and
the Environment, 26(8), pp.1212-1234.
Iqbal, N., Anwar, S. and Haider, N., 2015. Effect of leadership style on employee
performance. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 5(5), pp.1-6.
Leonidou, L.C., Christodoulides, P., Kyrgidou, L.P. and Palihawadana, D., 2017.
Internal drivers and performance consequences of small firm green business strategy:
The moderating role of external forces. Journal of business ethics, 140(3), pp.585-606.
Lozano, R., 2015. A holistic perspective on corporate sustainability drivers. Corporate
Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 22(1), pp.32-44.
Namada, J.M., 2018. Organizational learning and competitive advantage. In Handbook
of Research on Knowledge Management for Contemporary Business Environments (pp.
86-104). IGI Global.
Norman, G.R., Monteiro, S.D., Sherbino, J., Ilgen, J.S., Schmidt, H.G. and Mamede, S.,
2017. The causes of errors in clinical reasoning: cognitive biases, knowledge deficits,
and dual process thinking. Academic Medicine, 92(1), pp.23-30.
Sainsburys.co.uk 2019. Sainsbury's. [online] Sainsburys.co.uk. Available at:
https://www.sainsburys.co.uk/ [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019].
12