Effective Change Management in Aviation: British Airways and easyJet

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Understanding and Leading Change
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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................. 3
LO 1............................................................................................................................ 4
LO 2............................................................................................................................ 6
LO 3............................................................................................................................ 9
LO 4.......................................................................................................................... 13
Conclusion................................................................................................................ 16
Reference List...........................................................................................................17
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Introduction
Every business organisation affects by both external and internal changes. The
transformation model has the perspective to provide changes in existing operation
and regulations followed by the organisation. A practical approach has to be
implemented so that managing the transformations in the organisation can be done
efficiently. Change management is important for the workers working in a company.
Through a strategic process, the changes, which are affecting the business unit,
need to be consolidate. An enhanced level of coordination is necessary for the
workforce, leaders and managers of the business unit so that changes can
incorporate smoothly. Therefore, the connection between the staffs required an error
free management in changes. Several features concerning management in changes
will explained in the project. The several drivers of changes initiate the process in the
organisation regarding change management. British Airways and easyJet will be
considered here, and affect of several drivers will be examined.
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LO 1
Introduction
In this portion of the study, impact of numerous drivers for implementing changes will
be focused. Going through this explanations described in the project, it will be clear
that the changes that are implementing in any company provides growth while some
have restrictions. Here, four major issues in the structure of change management is
mentioned as well.
Compare different examples of organisations where change has impacted on
the organisations’ strategy and operations.
When there is a transformation in internal and external drivers of change in an
organisation, it has certain effects on it. The changes are required for surviving in a
competitive market for any business unit. Dealing with such transformations several
companies comes with different ideas and planning (Todnem By, 2015). The four
major issues in the structure of change management are:
 Drivers of Transformation
 Transformation
 Role of corporate unit.
 Implementation
The impacts of these drivers in an organisation are follows:
 Innovations in technology
 Globalisation
 Carbon footprint
 Sustainability
 Financial management
 Knowledge management
British Airways and easyJet are popular organisation in aviation sector. It provides
an outstanding experience in air travelling to the passengers. Both these companies
provide safety, also maintains good environment in its business. However, the
procedures follows by these two companies are different. In order to deal with such
transformations, easyJet opted for renovating the business profile. British Airways
opted for transforming its outline operation to achieve excellence in this field.
To survive in the market competition, several large companies across the world
adopted various changes in operation due to different transformational factors such
as technology innovations and globalisation. Alex Crux is the Chief executive officer
of British Airways. He observes the market competition and decides to implement
some strategies to integrate transformation in his business (Airways, 2017). Certain
changes of operation have done in the company. By ignoring the location-based
architecture, the company practises the company-based framework changing
transformation in operation. In order to maintain sustainability in leadership status in
the company British Airways evolves with transformational changes. The corporate
places in the business unit were sold off and the cooperative systems were improved
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at different working staffs in the organisation. In the UK, the company environment
was not steady so the above steps were essential to survive in the market. Another
change like cost of operations was lowered. Investment capitals and whole
expenditure also reduced.
easyJet implement the transformation in its business after British Airways. Under the
supervision of Carolyn Mccall, the company has executed the drivers of changes.
The company decided to implement changes in the domain of the business unit
(Milkiewicz, 2015). The company cooperated with several domestic airlines of
United Kingdom and important workforce team lowered to half. The cooperation
helps the company to lower its main workforce and enhance its market shares to
earn huge percentage profit. Due to unstable economic condition, the airline
company reduce the price rate of tickets at both domestic and international flights,
thus helping it to acquire large market share. Due to the reduction in the workforce,
the organisation is enabling to enhance the engine quality, which helps to control the
pollution in the air. Moreover, the company adopted several CSR objectives.
Assess the different drivers for change in each of the given examples and the
types of organisational change they have affected
easyJet and British Airways both took sustainability seriously as a driver of
transformational changes that critically impact in the functions of the company. In
order to survive in the combative market both organisations take the measures to
keeps the place in market field. British Airways transformed the architecture under
the supervision of Alex Cruz and easyJet took the measure to redesign the profile of
its organisation. In order to increase the sustainability in the market, both companies
have taken these measures. By successfully implementing these measures both, the
company was able to attain its position the market field (Schröter et al., 2019).
Conclusion
In this segment, several information of both the organisation, easyJet and British
Airways has provided. Therefore, it is also specified, that the procedures adapted by
both companies have the aim to improve the survival in the market. It has explained
that the British Airways has transformed its architecture and easyJet has reformed it
company profile.
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LO 2
Introduction
The working environment, attitude, and behaviour of the employees depend on
internal and external factors of transformation. The managers and leaders are also
affected. In this section, the impact of external and internal factors will be evaluated.
Moreover, some suitable models and explanation of theories will also be provided, in
order to decrease the impact of negativity arises due in the company.
Recommendations will be done in the organization to make the transformation more
effective.
Evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect
leadership, team and individual behaviours in your chosen organisation
The external and internal drivers of transformation have influenced the managers,
employees and leaders. British Airways and EasyJet have been influenced by
various external and internal changes (Mills, 2017). In order to calculate the impact of
external and internal changes, PEST and SWOT analysis has been used,
Internal Drivers of Change
Resources: Flow of resources in Airway Company means material, financial and
human resources. The efficient flow of these resources enables operation to be
smoother. In order to manage customer’s requirements and demands, plenty of
resources will be required by British Airways and easyJet. Companies having less
resources will be fulfilled with required quantity of resources. The management of the
companies must take suitable actions, in order to keep the operation smooth.
Capabilities: Every company depends on employees for performance and efficiency
of its operations. It is quite important to maintain a healthy working environment in
the organization, in order to increase the efficiency of the staffs. The management
and front-runners of British Airways and EasyJet should motivate the employees to
attain the targeted goals (Tckhakaia et al., 2015). The brand image of British Airways
and EasyJet will improve in this way.
External Drivers of Change
Globalization: Business unit can be transformed according to the need, by the
impact of globalization as one of the external factors. The effect of globalization is
such that all companies are bound to changes. British airways have also brought
changes, in order to fulfil the needs and requirements of the customers throughout
the world. It brought changes in the training of employees to provide standards in the
airlines sector.
Technological Innovations: Technological innovations have brought revolution in
the industrial sector. In order to provide customers excellent services, large business
unit has to implement technological innovations. British Airways and EasyJet have
also adopted advanced technology to enhance its market share and to satisfy the
requirements of the customers. It is very essential that the decisions taken by
management and higher officials regarding innovations must be accurate and
according to the demands (Karami, 2017).
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Critically evaluate that can be taken to minimise the negative impacts of
change on the behaviour of your chosen organisation
It is the prime responsibility of the managers and management to execute the
required modification in the most accurate way. If the implementation is not
according to requirement, then it may hamper the operation process. British Airways
must take accurate steps in order to reduce the risk of negative effects; the steps are
discussed in this section
 Communication: Communication between employees and management
plays a significant role in a business organization. The best way to achieve
the objectives of the company could be done by communicating clearly with
the employees. It has been observed that implementation could only be
effective if the roles and responsibilities of the employees are properly
explained. Lack of communication between employees helps in arising
misunderstanding and malfunctioning operation. It is required to know the
opinions of the employees, before making any changes. British Airways must
collect employee opinions before launching any changes. The management
and managers must analyze the effect of the implementation. Communication
could be done by either formal methods or informal methods (Eaton, 2017).
 Step-wise Implementation: Successful implementation of changes required
systematically approach. It has been advised that proper training must be to
the employees in order to implement transformations successfully. Before
executing any changes, managers must evaluate the current process.
Managers need to study the new transformation process as well. The
management and managers must be prepared for the future consequences
and challenges, so that it could not hamper the operations.
Recommendations your chosen organisation could take in planning effectively
for change and applying change impact analysis
The application of transformation management if properly dove, could enhance the
attitude and behaviours of the staffs. In order to implement it successfully, the
management and managers of the business unit must have ability to study human
behaviour. The successful implementation of transformation helps in gaining more
capital to the company. Besides that, the employees could provide customer
satisfaction. Customers will be more oriented towards the organization for its
effective policies and principles. The innovating and new strategies and policies will
help organization to achieve its required target easily. Moreover, the efficiency of the
employees and management will also increase (Madar, 2015).
It has been observed that, to implement transformation in the business organization,
the processes associated with it must be clear and easy. Suitable changes in the
company process may help to modernize the operation. The managers and
management must be well aware of the situation, and they should have ability to
guide the employees.
Conclusion
The management and managers must understand the importance of transformation.
Transformation techniques are different for both British Airways and EasyJet. Both of
them have executed different and unique ways of transformation. British Airways
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executed required transformations, which helps in gaining the ability to sustain in the
market. British Airways and EasyJet have learned that implementation of
transformations is required to sustain in the competitive market.
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LO 3
Introduction
Change management is essential for every organization, but some of the barriers
also hinder it. The importance of management and leadership will be evaluated in
this part. The significance of Force Field Analysis, in decision-making will also be
studied in this part.
Explain different barriers for change and determine how they influence
leadership decision-making in your chosen organisation
The management and leaders of the business unit are responsible for handling all
the change management activities. Every organization want to direct employees in
the right direction related to operation. This could only be done if the management
and leaders have the ability to make accurate decisions. Force Field Analysis model
and Organizational Culture model are the two models, to make correct and accurate
decisions in the business unit. The management and leaders depends on these
models heavily for forming correct strategies. Force Field Analysis model depicts the
forces that is responsible for causing alternation that do not allow to implement
changes are properly explained. Organizational Culture model evaluates the
behaviour, attitude, and values of the employees (Klimas, 2016).
British Airways is also experiencing various barriers that affect the change
management process. The various types of barriers are mentioned:
 Competency Barrier: When employees are not capable of performing the
task assigned to them, due to the lack of skills and knowledge, then that
barrier is called competency barrier. Providing proper training and knowledge
to the staffs is capable to get rid of this problem.
 Technical Barrier: It is very essential that employees should possess
technical skills for bringing technological innovations. Technical barriers arise
by improper technical knowledge. The process of transformational
management is impossible without solving technical barrier problems (Peeters
et al., 2016).
 Cultural Barrier: Employees feels insecure when new staffs are recruited for
new role in the organization, this is called cultural barrier. It is the duty of the
management and leaders to motivate employees, in order to maintain friendly
atmosphere in the company.
 Managerial Barrier: Managerial barrier arise due to lack of managers
knowledge in an organization. The managers in that case either are less
experienced or having less knowledge about the situation and resource of the
company. Lack of management skills, decision-making ability, implementation
techniques is also some of the managerial barriers (Merkert and O’Fee,
2016).
Force Field Model Analysis model is affected by the above mentioned barriers.
During execution of positive force in Force Field Model Analysis, some type of
resisting forces also arises. Manager’s inefficiency and incompetency is one such
force. Organizational culture model is helpful in calculating the motivation level of
employees.
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Use force field analysis to analyse the driving and resisting forces and show
how they influence decision-making in your chosen organisation
The ability of equal and opposite forces that has the capability to restrict various
situations in the company decision-making process is known as Force Field
Analysis. These forces are dual in nature, in terms of characteristics. It has the ability
to catalyze the changes and also it can restricts the changes. British Airways has to
implement necessary changes in its operations, so that the pollution caused by them
is minimal (Efthymiou et al., 2019). Every type of transformation cause environmental
pollution. British Airways and EasyJet are also causing pollution, which is harmful to
the biosphere. It has been observed that environmental pollution is increasing day by
day. In order to control environmental pollution definite strategies have to be formed
by British Airways and EasyJet. Some actions have been formed by the application
of Force Field Analysis, which will assist British Airways to make suitable steps
regarding pollution issue, for the company.
Figure 1: Force Field Analysis
(Source: Created by Learner)
Plan Description: The plan is proposing some of the biosphere friendly techniques
and measure, for the benefits of environment and organization
Forces that allows the changes:
 For reducing pollution, suitable steps must be taken that is beneficial for
biosphere.
 To increase share and market value of the company, it is necessary to
enhance the value and image of brand.
Forces that resists the changes:
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 Sufficient knowledge and skilled are required for the employees, in order to
establish friendly environmental techniques. Technological advancement is
required for implementation of suitable actions.
Score Determination: It has been observed from evaluation that the efficiency
of the forces capable of change management are much stronger than resisting
forces.
Application and Analysis: It has been observed that sustainability for longer period
could be achieved by the organization if it implements suitable measures that are
friendly for the environment. To construct a brand image, British Airways have to
manufacture actions, which are friendly for environment. Meeting amongst managers
is quite important for successful implementation of proposal. Implementing accurate
proposal requires suitable budget plans for expenditure. It is always essential to
keep one factor in mind, that resisting and driving forces have the ability to
manipulate judgements regarding change management (Wiegmann and Shappell,
2017).
Critically evaluate the use of force field analysis in the context of meeting the
objectives of your chosen organisation
The objectives of British Airways are as follows:
 Evaluation of national and international flight’s fare, so that customers feels
more satisfactory
 Creation and evaluation of yearly report for aviation sector
 Constant monitoring of fluctuations in fares and regular investigation of
aviation sector development
Forces that catalyze change:
 Methods, techniques and schemes evaluation, which is used by aviation
sector industries
 Competitive analysis and investigation support
 Fixation of accurate and fair prices
 Knowledge of position of company brand in the market scenario
 Presence of resources in environment
Forces that resist changes:
 Takes lot of time
 Costly in nature
 Employees should have the capability to understand the needs of
transformation in aviation sector
Score Determination: The Factors that helps in change in management procedures
are five whereas resisting factors are three.
Application and Analysis: Analysing and constantly observing the market of
aviation sector for international and national level requires much time. The position of
the company in market can be easily evaluated form the annual reports. The staffs
must be properly trained to implement transformations. Skilled staffs must do the
reports and implementation (Noh et al., 2016).
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Strengths:
 Helpful in taking accurate decisions
 Enlisting of benefits and disadvantages
 Different dimensional issue must be evaluated
Weakness:
 This happens when employees are not skilled, and do not aware of the
operations (Barrow and Lyon, 2018).
Conclusion
The forces affecting management changes have identified in this section. The effects
of various forces on decision-making ability has been analysed by the application of
Force Field Analysis model in this section.
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