Analyzing Change and its Impact in Health and Social Care Management

This report delves into the complexities of change management within the health and social care sector, focusing on the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. It begins by identifying key factors driving change, such as political (e.g., legislation like the Care Act 2014), economic, social, and technological influences, and analyzes them using PEST and Force Field analysis. The report then examines the challenges these factors pose to healthcare services. It proposes strategies and criteria to measure the impact of recent changes, evaluates these impacts, and suggests appropriate service responses. The report also outlines key principles of change management and explains how change is planned and monitored within health and social care settings, emphasizing the importance of inspection, auditing, and feedback mechanisms. The report highlights challenges like timely access to medical treatment, equipment shortages, and funding issues. It underscores the importance of strategic planning and sufficient funding to improve patient care, particularly for elderly populations, and concludes by emphasizing the importance of adapting to changes to improve the health services.

Facilitating Change in Health
and Social Care Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Key factors that drive changes in health and social care services....................................1
1.2 Challenges that key factors of change bring to health and social care services...............3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Devise a strategy and criteria to measure the recent change............................................4
2.2 Measure the impacts of recent changes on HSC services against criteria........................4
2.3 Evaluate the overall impacts of recent changes................................................................5
2.4 Propose appropriate services responses to recent changes...............................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Key principles of change management.............................................................................6
3.2 Explain how change in health and social care are planned..............................................8
3.3 Assess how to monitor recent changes.............................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Changes is considered as a process of transformation from current state to desired one. It
brings uncertainty in organisations and offers challenges as well as opportunities in front of
people associated with them (Antheunis, Tates and Nieboer, 2013). By adopting changes and
creating modifications in working system, a company will get high achievement and gain
competitive advantages also. In context with health and social care sectors, services they provide
is essential with for people so, creating changes in treatment and other procedures will provide
numerous benefits to them. A report is going to present as per King's Fund and Nuffield Trust
who give current information related to problems in health and social care services as well as
factors which drive changes in the same. It devise strategies and criteria for measure recent
changes in HSC with principles of management. NHS of UK is taken in this assignment which
deals in public healthcare organisation and provide services worldwide.
TASK 1
1.1 Key factors that drive changes in health and social care services
In today's high-tech environment, every organisation is needed to create changes in their
working system so that better services or products can be provided at marketplace. It will make
them able to maintain sustainability and gain high profitability in business. In this context,
management of enterprises are needed to evaluate factors that drive changes in system. This
would help them in creating modification easily and reducing negative impact on business as
well. In relation with health and social care institution, changes in treatment and their way of
providing services is amendable. It will aid them in giving high services to people and solve their
problems related to health issues in short period of interval (Brett and et. al., 2014). As per
current scenario, there are numerous of key factors present which assist HSC sectors like
National Health Service to create changes like demographic, cultural, technological and more.
For understanding this concept, PEST and Force Field analysis is described in following
manner:-
PEST Analysis
Political factor- This factor includes different kinds of legislations, rules and
regulations, code of conducts, amendable laws and more which are enacted by regulatory bodies
of a country. These laws impact on working system of organisations and create a drastic changes
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as well. In context with health and social care sectors, these standards of government assist
institutions working in such area like NHS to treat people with dignity, meet their needs on time,
provide a clean and safe working environment as well as manage staff services in proper way.
Currently, older poor citizens of UK are facing various issues related to health issues because of
services provided by HSC. Thus, local government of this nation concern more on
implementation of such laws that brought changes in their system like Care Act 2014 was
enacted on 15 may 2014. This act describes the most significant reform of social care for citizens
having age above to 60. It consolidates a framework in legal manner which states new rights and
responsibilities for older people who wants special care and support (Brown and Harris, 2012).
In this manner, Council of London provides funds to organisations deal in healthcare sectors like
NHS. This would aid them in improving performance and provide better treatments to people.
Thus, it creates a large impact on strategies and policies of NHS and assist employers to create
changes in structure.
Economical factor: As per current changes in economical rates, it has observed that it
puts a large impacts on organisations including health and social care sectors. As NHS provided
75% of its budget to Primary Care Trusts so that demand from local community can be met on
time. In case of poor and older citizens, as major portion of money had given to primary
institutions therefore, demand of them are not given any priority. Since thousands of old people
are living in care homes in UK so conditions of them are vulnerable with many health issues.
The main reason behind the same is shortage of funding due to economical changes. Thus, it puts
great impact on NHS and other healthcare centres to create changes in system and provide better
services to patients at less price (Coleman and et. al., 2012). In this manner, it is a responsibility
of local authorities to provide adequate financial support to HSC.
Social factors: This factor include behaviour of service providers, users, minority ethnics
and more. Thus, it drives change in drastic manner in health and social care sectors like NHS.
For example, NICE Guidelines focuses on changing behaviour of patients at individual level who
are dangerous for service and staff users. The behaviour can be related to smoking, alcohol
abuse, lack of physical exercise and sex related disease etc.
Technological factors: With innovation and introduction of technologies, sharing
information, storing data and records of patients etc. are easy to maintain by healthcare
institutions. As per inspection of CQC (Care Quality Commission), NHS revises management
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policy related to health record in more accurate way which intakes complete information about
patients like fluid intake and output of each ward are recorded.
Force Field Analysis:
It was established in 1951 by Kurt Lewin in 1951 which aids a firm in bringing changes
in system and policies easily. It helps in making proper decisions as well as better action plan to
implement law such as Care Act 2014 in proper way. This model is generally taken as decision
making tool which help in enhancing chance of success after initiating changes. It assist a firm to
describe proposal for change and identify forces for the same which can be internal and external.
Internal drivers include outdated equipments and machineries, a need for increasing profitability
and declining morale of team. While demographic changes, disruptive technologies, uncertainty
in operational environment and more are considered as external drivers. After analysing force
against such changes, this model helps in making proper decisions and applying modifications as
well. In this manner, for adopting new technologies in healthcare centres like NHS, they are
required proper funding and number of resources in order to create improvement in services and
provide better ones. Resources which are needed for treatment for old age patients and others are
new equipments, hygiene workplace and good infrastructure etc (Davis and et. al., 2015).
In general, Force field analysis work on two kind of principles that are Driving and
Restraining forces. Force that impacts on organisations to create changes in positive manner and
right directions so that high achievements can be gained are termed ad driving forces. While
restraining force works in opposite manner which states NHS to create changes because of
improper management, poor maintenance of tools and technologies and lack of resources, etc.
1.2 Challenges that key factors of change bring to health and social care services
Some major challenges which are faced by HSC in creating changes are given as below:-
 It has observed that patients are facing various problems related to get medical treatment
on time. In this regard, it becomes major issue for staff members to give admissions and
discharge to patients in set period of time. Thus, it is essential to adopt new technologies
in working system so that waiting time of people can be reduced.
 In case of urgency, shortage of equipments and other necessary tools used in operations
are considered as another challenge (Golden and Earp, 2012). So, by getting funds from
councils, NHS can introduce robotic surgery, ultrasound machines and more to give
treatment to patients on time.
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TASK 2
2.1 Devise a strategy and criteria to measure the recent change
After implementation of Care Act 2014, management of health and social cares are
needed to create various changes in organisational system. This law describes different roles and
responsibilities of local authorities which are amendable for them to provide proper funds to
HSC. As per report given by King's Fund and Nuffield Trust, it has evaluated that different
institutions of healthcare centres are not treating their patients properly especially people of old
categories. In addition to this, it has also analysed that equipments used by them are old and not
maintained in proper manner as well. In generally, such problems are arise because of improper
funds and financial support of government (Grol and et. al., 2013). Thus, by enactment of Care
Act, it is responsibility of local authorities and councils to provide support to healthcare
institutions and raise funds from them. In this regard, management of NHS can consider a
strategic plan to bring changes as:-
Inspection and auditing- It is considered as the best procedure to measure performance
organisation and staff members by finding out current situations of firm and requirements of
changes as well.
Feedbacks or surveys- This is an another technique used to bring changes. Under this,
managers can get feedbacks from staff members and services users related to bring changes in
system.
2.2 Measure the impacts of recent changes on HSC services against criteria
To measure the impact of current changes in NHS and other healthcare institutions,
management of firms can conduct research and survey in systematic manner. With the help of
statistician and R&D team, they can prepare a proper frame of questionnaires related with
effectiveness of recent changes in healthcare sectors (Johnstone and Dallos, 2013). It will also
aid managers in analysing actual performance of organisation as well as area where they need to
make more changes. In general, service providers play an important role in providing effective
treatment and medical facilities to sick people. Therefore, to facilitate proper services to patients,
they want appropriate salary in giving high support to management. So, it is necessary for
managers of NHS to increase their salaries.
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As per current scenario, people of UK face health issues because of not getting effective
treatment so it is necessary for HSC to introduce new technologies and equipments of operations
and other medical techniques. This will help in giving better treatment to patients so that health
issues of them can be reduced.
2.3 Evaluate the overall impacts of recent changes
After enactment of Care Act 2014, local authorities and councils has provided support to
organisations working under healthcare sectors (Laranjo and et. al., 2014). They provide
necessary funds and financial support to NHS so that necessary changes can be created in
system. For creating changes in working environment, they have conducted survey and research
in proper manner to analyse impact of such law in providing services. This survey relates to get
feedback of people and service providers so that high facilities can be given to patients especially
of old people.
By raising sufficient funds from different sources NHS can hike pay scale of staff
members that generate high satisfaction in them. Getting enough funds, encourage services
providers to provide effective facilities to patients and special care to old people. Therefore, by
considering the same, management of NHS can review overall impacts of recent changes in
increasing profitability and productivity of organisation as well.
If healthcare sectors introduce best medical facilities in premises then it will aid patients
in improving their health issues in proper manner. For patients of old age, NHS provide home
nursing facilities to treat them with special care. It is considered as biggest opportunities for
people to live in residential care homes on cheapest costs.
2.4 Propose appropriate services responses to recent changes
This part includes different kinds of responses which are needed to be proposed by HSC
related to adopt changes. It would help in creating more appropriate environment at premises and
hospitals so that better treatment can be provided (Lawlis, Anson and Greenfield, 2014). As per
report given by King's Fund and Nuffield Trust, there are different kinds of problems are faced
by people related to not getting proper services from healthcare institutions. Therefore, it is
necessary for such organisations to initiate Care Act 2014 in system and bring changes as well.
They have also analysed reason behind not providing effective treatment to patients by
healthcare centres which is shortage of funds. In addition to this, demanding special services to
poor and old people also arise which assist NHS and other institutions to appoint more workers
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in staff, experiences nursers and doctors. In this regard, Councils and local authorisers are
required to provide sufficient funds, tools and techniques to healthcare so that changes can be
implemented.
TASK 3
3.1 Key principles of change management
Management of Change relates with creating modification in system and working
environment in systematic way. It concerns more transforming current state of organisation to
desired one so that numerous benefits can be gained (Lefebvre, 2013). Therefore, in this process,
employers of NHS are required to consider effect of changes and implement the same in proper
manner. In this context, some major principles of change management which helps in identifying
variation in organisation are described in following manner:-
 Involve every layer: Changes in organisation will take place at each and every level of
system. It includes policies, strategies, targeted goals and more so, management of NHS
are required to implement new modification by analysing effects of the same on these
levels.
 Training: In this regard, it is necessary for managers of NHS and other healthcare
sectors to provide proper training to staff and service provides. It will help them in
understanding concept of changes and provide services in better manner.
 Motivation among employees: This principle is considered as the most important as it
assist organisations to boost up morale of employees and team members when create
changes. It will help in encouraging them to work on new system and provide high
commitment in accomplishing targeted goals or objectives (Makai and et. al., 2014).
Kotter's 8-Step Change Model: It includes following steps-
 Create urgency: Under this situation, management of HSC needs to do efforts in
developing a sense of urgency among service providers by identifying threats and
examining opportunities.
 Form a powerful coalition: This stage assist management to convince people of
organisation about to accept changes so that support of them can be gained.
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 Create a vision for change: It will help service providers of NHS to understand need of
change and work on the same so that effective services can be provided to patients and
poor people.
 Communicate the vision: After developing a vision, it is necessary for management of
NHS to provide information to workers by communicating in a proper way.
 Remove obstacles: By recognising and rewarding people, help managers in
implementing changes without any interruptions (McSHERRY and et. al., 2012).
 Create short-term goals: It will help in accomplishing long-terms goals of changes.
 Build on change: Set proper goals to build on change.
 Reinforce the changes: Changes must be a part of an organization.
Leavitt’s model of change: This model includes four steps which describes how changes can be
implemented:
 People: For applying changes it is necessary for managers to look at skills, abilities and
productivity of staff members.
 Technology: In order to implement new technologies, it is necessary for management to
change existing goals and objectives.
 Structure: Firm needs to restructure entire procedure to create effective changes
(Mechanic, 2012).
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 Tasks: This component assists management to concern more on two basic things that are
the way things to be done and in what manner they used. In short, it is necessary for
management to focus on qualitative aspects of tasks rather than goals.
3.2 Explain how change in health and social care are planned
In order to implement changes successfully, management of a firm like NHS are needed
to make a proper action plan. For this purpose, they should identify need and impact of changes
on working system as well as how it will affect in services gained by patients. Changes are
adopted in health and social care services to create modifications in medical equipments. It helps
in improving health issues of patients by giving proper treatments on time. In this manner, some
adequate plan for NHS are explained as below:
Effective communication procedures: Management is required to organise meetings
and conferences with working staff and other stakeholders to provide them proper information
related to make changes (Miller and et. al., 2012). It includes modification in techniques,
implementation of new medical equipments for giving treatment in emergency to patients and
more. This would help service providers to become ready to accept challenges and changes as
well.
Training and Development programmes: It is amendable for employers of health and
social services to conduct essential training programs and some learning sessions in organisation.
By providing these trainings to employees and working staff make them able to work
systematically and accept new challenges in proper manner.
3.3 Assess how to monitor recent changes
Changes are necessary in every aspect of organisation in order to compete with modern
scenario. According to current condition of UK, healthcare sectors like NHS are facing various
kinds of issues because of shortage of funds and lack of financial support (Riekert, Ockene and
Pbert, 2013). Management require to monitor modification in system so that they are able to
reduce possibilities of errors and mistakes. It is essential that all hindrances that is hidden are
acknowledged by superior to manage business operations properly. As per current scenario,
social sector firms encounter various problems and difficulties in respect to funds. So, services
provided by them are proved to be ineffective to patients. Therefore, local authorities and council
provide them necessary funds to them so that better services can be provided.
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CONCLUSION
As per above report, it can be comprehended that each and every organisation require to
make changes in system and tactics to accomplish goals and objectives within defined time. It is
essential that management utilises market opportunities, thereby deliver appropriate products and
services in market in according to needs and requirements of people. Administration frame
policies and strategies to help members to make them handle circumstances and difficulties
properly. Along this, advanced technologies and tools are implemented in system which is
largest challenge for subordinates to work. Thus, manager require to manage people and make
their interest to function with modern technologies.
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