Charkhi Dadri Mid-Air Collision: Aviation Industry Report Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision, highlighting the critical role of effective communication and decision-making in the aviation industry. The report examines the incident involving a Saudi Arabian Boeing 747 and a Kazakhstan Airlines flight, emphasizing the fatal consequences of miscommunication and language barriers between the flight crews. It delves into various factors influencing in-flight crew communication, including external, organizational, and personal barriers, and proposes the use of the Swiss cheese model to identify and mitigate risks. Furthermore, the report explores decision-making techniques employed by flight crews, emphasizing the need for problem analysis, option evaluation, and result assessment. The conclusion underscores the importance of crew resource management and effective training to prevent future incidents and enhance overall aviation safety. The report also references several sources including books and journals that provide further insight into the subject matter.

Introduction
Report shows overall working of an aviation industry. The report show the case of
charkhi dadhi mid air collision in which two airlines are involved one is Saudi Arabian Boeing
and Kazakhstan airlines. The collision is done to the ineffectiveness of the staff of Kazakhstan
airlines the communication gap between airlines become the reason for this incident. Every
individual in a plan is dead. The airlines needs to develop an effective communication in their
crew and train them to decision making. Report shows how employees effectively work in an
organization . Effective communication between both the airlines is important to minimize risk
and smooth working. Decision making between crew helps airlines to analyse the problem and
use resources that are able to solve their problems. Crew resources management helps airlines to
define problem and take actions to solve those problems. The CRM helps to develop an
environment where crew will able to build relation with each other and monitor results.
Main body
Report shows the case of charkhi dadri air collision in 1996. in this case two flights are
crashed Saudi Arabian Boeing 747 and Kazakhstan airlines around 349 people are dead. The
crash is done to miscommunication between the crews. The collision is too much deadly that all
the people who are travelling in both flights are dead. The impact of both flights effects overall
working of aviation sector(Sharma and Sabitha,, 2016.). The event is one of the deadliest
collision in the history of aviation. The parts of bodies of each and every individual are mangled.
The doctors and team of staff are not able to recognise the bodies. To manage crowd and media
is also a challenging task. After the investigation of the case it was find out that the accident is
Kazakhstan airlines due to communication skills of their pilot as well as flight is travelling on its
desired altitude. The communication gap between airlines and ineffective skills of language in
pilot becomes the main reason for this accident.
LO3 Various factors influencing in-flight crew communication.

The organization or flights needs top use Swiss cheese model to know ineffectiveness in
their plan and develop an effective use of resources that helps them to analyse the ineffectiveness
in their plan. The aviation industry needs use different types of communication model to
minimize losses. Effective communication helps them in their smooth working in an
organization.
Swiss cheese model
The model helps industry to analyse the risk for aviation safety and helps them to manage
those risk effectively. Model analysis human incapability in a different slices like a cheese. It
helps to analyse the risk in different parts. The model shows the accidents are accured due to four
failure domains.
Failure domains
Organizational influence
In this case the Kazakhstan airlines are not able to develop communication skills iof their
employees they are not able to understand the English language. The lack of information is
provided to employees. Also Indira Gandhi international airport have effective technologies to
communicate with airlines.
Supervision
The flight is not travelling on it desired altitude and the supervisors are not able to
supervise on time to travel on a correct altitude. The ineffective practices by the supervisors
cause a loss of life. The pilots are need to trained effectively.
Preconditions
The flight officers and headquarters need to analyse the another flight on their way need
to have an effective technology to analyse those factors. The altitude to travel are fixed before
journey.
Holes and slices
The slices of cheese model in this case shows the ineffectiveness of a pilot of Kazakhstan
airlines. The slices shows the weakness of an pilot and his ineffectiveness of communication
skills and to understand the English language(Mirkovic and Simic, 2019.). Airline companies
needs to train the employees effectively so that are able to take decisions.
Active and latent failures

The active failures in this case is that the pilot is not travelling on the desired altitude.
Due to navigation error the working of an pilot is also effected. And the latent failures are like
ineffective communication skills of pilot they are not trained effectively. The schedule for flight
is not prepared effectively by the airlines
Barriers in communication
External barriers
The message from both airlines are not expressed effectively. The pilot are not able to
understand the message due to which an accident occurs. The translation by Kazakhstan airlines
are not effective the language by Saudi airlines are not able to understand. The technical skills
and abilities to understand technical language. The Kazakhstan pilots are not able to understand
the metric system. The pilot are less attentive and fail to communicate within an effective
language.
Organizational Barriers
Organizational barriers are like airlines need to build a effective communication with
their employees to establish smooth working in an organization. If the airlines will effectively
communicate with their pilots they are able to be another flight in their way. The communication
between subordinate and superiors effects overall working of a business.
Personal barriers
Personal barriers in this case are the pilots are not able to understand and language
communicate effectively to pilot of Saudi Arabian airlines. The pilot needs to develop effective
uses of resources that helps them to communicate effectively.
LO4 Decision making techniques of crew
The airlines need to make their decision effectively so they are able to achieve their
goals(Sandamali, Su and Zhang, 2019.) . Decision making helps them to establish smooth
working in their organization. Airlines needs to train their employees for their effective decision
making in an organization. Decision are taken according to the requirement.
State the problem
The airlines needs to know the problem and take corrective actions to solve their
problem. Airlines needs to know the problem to train their crew. Like in this case the pilot have a

problem to understand language and to use metric system. Technical problems or ineffective
employees in an organization. Crew needs to analyse the resources available to them to solve
their problem and use them effectively. Problems in an airline crew effects overall working of an
organization. Crew needs to take decision by analysing the problem of a business. If any problem
arises in air planes then crew needs to know that problem.
Analyse the options
Airlines need to analyse the options to solve problems in their business. Like train pilots
to understand different types of language or teach them the use of technology. Business needs to
analyse the problems and available options to solve those problems. The analysis helps them to
study overall working of an organization. The airlines needs to know the methods that helps
them to achieve their goals and develop business at large scale. Different options to solve
problems analysed effectively to develop business at large scale.
Fix the problem
After analysing the issue and developing an option to solve their issue in the business.
Airlines needs to start training their employees after selection of an effective idea. The idea must
have ability to develop business. If any problem arises on an ongoing flight then the pilot needs
to take decision like divert their route or shut down their business.
Evaluate the result
After using all the measures to develop business airlines needs to analyse their result.
Like training to pilot is effective to solve their problems at large scale and have ability to solve
the issues in an organization(Farris, 2016.) . The crew is able to understand technical problems in
an organization and have ability to cope up with changes in an organization. The effectiveness of
the plan to solve the problem are analysed.
Conclusion
The report shows ineffectiveness of pilots and crew to communicate and understand
technology. The report show the the incident of charkhi dadhi mid air collision. The analysis of
working of a crew is require for development of business at large scale. Report show s overall.
Report helps business to analyse the effectiveness of communication. Communication helps
pilots and other crew members to understand overall working and develop an environment that
helps them to achieve their objectives. Communication helps them to develop all over working

of an organization. Airlines need to develop communication skills of their employees that helps
them assist and understand. The decision making requires for overall working of a business. The
crew needs to be active and able to make important decision whenever require. Whenever a
problem arises crew is able to take important decision that helps them to minimize risk. The
airlines need to train their employees so that they are able to understand technology and take
important decision. Crew resource management helps them to establish smooth working.
Resource management helps them to reduce waste in an organization.

References
Books and Journal
Sharma, S. and Sabitha, A.S., 2016, August. Flight crash investigation using data mining
techniques. In 2016 1st India International Conference on Information Processing
(IICIP) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
Mirkovic, D. and Simic, M., 2019. LANGUAGE BARRIERS COMPLEXITY AND THEIR
IMPLICATIONS WITH FATAL CONSEQUENCES IN AVIATION. Knowledge
International Journal. 30(5). pp.1131-1135.
Sandamali, G.G.N., Su, R. and Zhang, Y., 2019. Flight Routing and Scheduling Under Departure
and En Route Speed Uncertainty. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation
Systems.
Ballesteros, J.S.A., 2016. Improving air safety through organizational learning: consequences of
a technology-led model. Routledge.
Farris, C., 2016. ICAO language proficiency requirements. Aviation English: A lingua franca for
pilots and air traffic controllers, p.54.
Jensen, R.S., 2017. Pilot judgment and crew resource management. Routledge.
Flin, R. and Maran, N., 2015. Basic concepts for crew resource management and non-technical
skills. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology. 29(1). pp.27-39.