Promoting Health & Wellness in CHD: Electronic Resources Guide

This presentation provides an overview of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), including its causes, symptoms, and risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, advanced age, and obesity. It highlights protective factors like physical exercise and a healthy diet. The presentation also details strategies for promoting health and wellness through primary and secondary prevention, including lifestyle modifications, health education, and medication. It reviews electronic resources like the 'My Heart My Life' book and mobile application, offering insights into their utility for both patients and healthcare professionals in managing CHD. The presentation emphasizes the importance of accessible and user-friendly resources for effective CHD management and prevention.

CORONARY HEART DISEASE
This is a condition that makes the blood vessel to narrow hence
hindering the normal blood flow [8].
Mostly caused by fatty deposits that accumulate in the blood vessels
walls and resisting to the normal flow of blood. This in the end
creates a high blood pressure.
The increased plaques formed can also hinder or block the blood flow
to the muscles of the heart.

Causes of coronary heart disease
 It is majorly caused by the injuries that happen to be in the walls of the
blood vessels [3].
 fatty deposits accumulate.
 This is as a result of platelets repair which clumps on that particular
side hence blocking the vessel.

Symptoms of coronary heart
disease
 Heart attack
 Dyspnea
 Angina

Heart attack
 Occurs when there is partial or incomplete flow of blood to the heart
muscles. When the clot happens in the coronary it may completely
block the blood flow hence depriving the heart oxygen and other
essential nutrients for its functions

Symptoms of heart attack Nausea and sometimes vomiting Tiredness Chest pain and general discomforts Anxiety Coughing Dizziness
 Heart attack can be very dangerous and can lead to death if not responded on tine[4].
 It can also to complete damage of the heart muscles so that it may not function again
[5].

Angina
 This is when the person has a sense or feels like he or she is being
suffocated and accompanied by chest pains resulting from the ischemia
of the heart.
 Symptoms of ischemia Chest problems that spreads to the neighbouring parts of the body e.g.
shoulders, throat etc. the pain is sometimes squeezing and burning like
with lots of pressure [6]. Other symptoms like heartburn, tiredness muscle crumps and problems
with short/ breath

Dyspnea
 Shortness of breath happens due to inefficient supply of oxygen to
other parts of the body e.g. the heart and other organs, panting may
result to the person in question.

Risk factors of coronary heart disease High blood pressure; overweight individuals have relatively high blood pressure which is
the most contributing factor to this condition.it develops hypertension which leads to high
blood pressure and hence coronary diseases [2]. High cholesterol in blood; fats in blood are the ones that build up to the walls of the vessels
narrowing them further and hence making it difficult for blood to flow freely to other parts
of the body[7]. Advanced age; people who have reached menopause have lower risk of getting coronary
diseases than those who are young especially women. This is brought by decline in
oestrogen during menopause. Obesity/overweight; they have excessive fats that contributes to the fat deposits in the
vessels. Others are lack of physical activity, smoking and stress.

Protective factors Perform lots of physical exercise to reduce or maintain lean body mass Reduce the consumption of cholesterol foods e.g. fatty meats and
substitute with lean or white meat. Check your blood pressure regularly and maintain the required one as
advised by your physician.[10]

Strategies for promoting health and wellness in people with coronary heart disease
 Coronary infections are rampant and killing many people in both
developing and developed countries and there must be strategies to
promote health. Three strategies are used to prevent or reduce ill-health
among the population[1].

Primary prevention
 They are;
1.Modification of lifestyle; this recommends exercise among others like diet as the most effective
way of preventing CVDs. exercise reduces cholesterol fats in the body and maintains the lean body mass. Diet in the other hand is key as it helps you to reduce consumption of fatty and junky foods that
could result in you being obese or overweight. Doing intense and endurance exercise at least 2 times a day can protect you in a big deal. Diet should be a minimum of red meat, reduce saturated fats, increase consumption of vegetable
and fruits, increase fibre food and drink lots of water. Medication and drugs should be limited to the doctor’s prescription and other recreation drugs
avoided.

Primary prevention cont.
Health education; Health education is very important to impact knowledge to
both people who are at risk of getting CVDs,
those who are healthy and those ones who are living with CVDs.
Those with coronary problem get the therapeutic education such as diet
modification, exercise, change in lifestyle and use of prescribed drugs.
Those at risk get knowledge on their risk factors and how to avert the
conditions e.g. obesity.
Those with high blood pressure are advised on how to reduce their pressure
and getting their health checked every now and then.