Child and Young Person Development: Factors and Theories Report

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of child and young person development. It begins by outlining the sequence and rate of various developmental aspects from birth, providing a detailed timeline of physical, intellectual, language, emotional, social, and moral development across different age ranges. The report then contrasts the sequence and rate of development, emphasizing their importance in assessing normal development and identifying potential concerns. Furthermore, it explores the influence of personal and external factors on a child's growth, including genetic information and environmental impacts. The report also covers theories of development, methods for monitoring progress, the effects of disabilities, and various intervention strategies designed to promote healthy development. Finally, it addresses the importance of understanding these factors to provide effective support and interventions for children and young people.

Unit 3: UNDERSTAND
CHILD AND YOUNG
PERSONS
DEVELOPMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth 300........................................1
1.2 Comparison between sequence development and development rate500..............................2
2.1 Influence of personal factors in children and young's development 300..............................3
2.2 Impact of external factors on young people's development 500...........................................4
2.3 Theories of development and framework to support development 400................................5
3.1 Methods to monitor child and young people development 300............................................6
3.2 Reasons affects development of young people ....................................................................1
3.3 Affect of disability on development 200...............................................................................1
3.4 Types of interventions which can promote development of children...................................2
4.1................................................................................................................................................3
4.2................................................................................................................................................3
4.3 ...............................................................................................................................................4
5.1 ...............................................................................................................................................5
5.2 ...............................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES ..............................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Child and young person's development requires strategic approaches and support from
individuals who are in contact with them. Present report describes about sequence and rate of
each aspects of development from birth. In addition to that difference between sequence of
development and rate of development have been mentioned.
1.1 Sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth
Development in children goes at various rates and this happens in distinct ways.
Sequence of development in each child is relatively same (Ansell, 2016). Consider an example
kids started sitting before they learn how to crawl and crawling starts before they walk.
Development in children is termed as a timeline which is divide into various segment of ages.
Development in kids is very fast as baby turns a child and then a young child. Development in
kids is classified into following phases:
Time period
of ages
Physical
developme
nt
Intellectual
developme
nt
Language
developmen
t
Emotional
development
s
Social
development
Moral
development
0 to 6
months
After birth
babies
started
smiling
leg
movement
starts
Babies
started
making eye
contact
Children
starts
looking at
things
Crying and
reacting.
Facial
expression
No
6 months to
1 year
About to
move
Periodic
contact
Starts
listening
Smiling and
crying both
Realizing No
1 to 3 years Starts
playing
with toys
Determinat
ion
Starts
talking and
recognizing
Starts
laughing and
crying
Learns how
to talk and
laugh
Socializing
boundaries.
4 to 7 years Learns Starts Expressing Confused Confidence Awareness
1

coordinatin
g with
people
writing and
reading
through oral
modes
and
sometime
about things
building about
himself/
herself.
8 to 12
years
Strength
and
growths
Start
preferring
thinking
Fluency in
speaking.
Aggressive
and crying
Talks in
groups
Self
administratio
n is started
and moral
development
initiates.
13 to 19
years
Matured
and adult
More focus
on strength
Starts taking
decision
about future
Nervousness
and
responsible
Active and
starts
discussing in
society with
confidence
Generic with
adultness
Strength and co-ordination develops greatly between age of 13 to 19 years. Strength increasing
can be measured by voice changing and development in bones. Development in language
generally begins in first three months after birth.
0 to 6 months
Physical development
 Smiling
 Moving legs
 Unfolding hands
 Observing colors Eyes move in unison
Intellectual development
 Getting familiar with routine
 Controlling and stabilizing head movements
2

 Turn to diffuse light
 Show fixation
 Becoming more aware of environment
Language development
 Smiling
 Recognizing voices
 Making sounds to themselves
 Having different cries for different needs Be startled by loud noises
Emotional development
 Recognizing primary carer
 Trusting caregiver
 Development of attachment to few people
 Communicating moods Laughs hard when tickled
Social development
 Responsive smiling
 Greets caregiver
 Enjoys social interaction
 Mimics facial expressions Responds to own name
Moral development
 Grasping objects
 Enjoying face- to face interactions
3

 Differentiating strangers
 Developing trusting relationship
 Reciprocal interactions
6 months to 1 year
Physical development
 Increase in weight
 Increase in strength and agility
 Appearance of first teeth
 Dragging on floor with the help of elbows Picking objects
Intellectual development
 Showing interest in new objects
 Recognizing appearance, sound of familiar people
 Recalling memory of a person
 Feeling their fingers move
 Searching drawers
Language development
 Listening carefully
 Babbling strings of sound
 Begin to understand words
 Enjoying rhymes Taking turn in conversations
Emotional development
4

 Expressing several clear emotions
 Showing displeasure when a toy is taken from them
 Showing comfort around familiar people
 Respond by turning Giving affection and love
Social development
 Developing stranger wariness
 Developing powerful bond with the parents
 Developing marked preference for loved ones
 Reacting strongly on absence of caregivers Showing interest in exploring the world around them
Moral development
 Wanting to be involved in the family activities
 Prefer the caregiver to be always in their sight
 Responding to their environment
 Showing joy by smiling
 Learning to make choices
1 to 3 years
Physical development
 Building a tower
 Climbing up on low furniture
 Scribbling on paper
 Getting up off the floor without any help Running in a direction with accuracy
5

Intellectual development
 Finding hidden objects
 Response becomes coordinated
 Learning animal noises
 Identifying colours
 Recognizing themselves in the mirror
Language development
 Sitting and listening to simple stores
 Understanding between 200- 500 words
 Put short sentences together with 2- 3 words
 Using limited number of sounds in their words Copying sounds
Emotional development
 Bringing things to show other people
 Beginning to feel jealous
 Demonstrate frustration Developing a range of emotions
Social development
 Sharing food
 Beginning to be helpful
 Beginning to assert independence Hugging and kissing parents
Moral development
 Learning that others share their world too
6

 Learning to make choices in response to punishment
 Developing empathy
 Respond to help other when they are in need
4 to 7 years
Physical development
 Learning to coordinate with people
 Holding pencil with correct grip
 Rolling and bouncing a ball
 Balancing to walk Running on tip toes
Intellectual development
 Enjoys dramatic play
 Classifies objects by purpose
 Understands the order of routine tasks
 Understands ideas like opposites
 Attaches words to numbers
Language development
 Ask and answers
 Recognizes some letters and words
 Makes use of regular past tense form
 Enjoys books, simple songs Uses plurals and pronouns
Emotional development
 Showing more independence
7

 Experiencing excitement, fear happiness
 Being more even tempered Showing attachment to one friend
Social development
 Sharing toys
 Being bossy and defiant
 Developing friendships
 Expressing awareness of other people’s feelings Listening to others as they speak
Moral development
 Beginning to internalize family values
 Understanding then roles of child and adults
 Perceiving consequences
8 to 12 years
Physical development
 Child begins to appear slimmer
 Being able to Jump and skip
 Increase in strength Puberty characterized by growth spur like breast development in girls and enlarged testes
in boys
Intellectual development
 Understanding reversibility
 Beginning to make logical arguments
 Increase in problem solving strategies
8

 Mentally combine, separate and order objects
Language development
 Using language for predicting and drawing conclusions
 Understanding comparative words
 Beginning conversations with adults and children’ Understanding and using passive sentences
Emotional development
 Changing emotions quickly
 Expressing subtle emotions Becoming quite sensitive
Social development
 Developing sportsmanship
 Developing competence
 Spending time talking to others Developing their own point of view
Moral development
 Honesty
 Loyalty
 Demonstrating the acts of kindness
13 to 19 years
Physical development
 Rapid physical development
 Development of primary sex characteristics
 Development of secondary sex characteristics
9

 Enhancement of height
Language development
 Use longer sentences
 Use of more witty and subtle humour
 Understanding and sue of slang terms
 Understanding of idioms Use of sarcasm
Emotional development
 Dramatic mood swings
 Emotional conflicts
 Gaining comfort in their own skin
 Know how to deal with uncomfortable feelings Enjoy to look back on their achievements
Social development
 Develop strong bonds with friends
 Engage in conflicts with parents
 Interested in developing relationships
 Value committed relationships Develop community consciousness
Moral development
 Recognize individuals norms
 Recognize cultural norms
 Form moral values
10